Emulsion Preparation Techniques
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary use of turpentine oil emulsion?

  • As a topical antiseptic
  • As a sedative
  • As a purgative
  • As an anti-rheumatic (correct)

    • According to the given formula, what is the ratio of oil, water, and gum for a primary emulsion using castor oil?

  • 1 : 1 : 1
  • 4 : 2 : 1 (correct)
  • 2 : 2 : 1
  • 3 : 2 : 1

    • Which method is used to prepare the turpentine oil emulsion?

  • Wet method
  • Heat method
  • Dry method (correct)
  • Cold method

    • What additional step is required after forming the primary emulsion when using the dry method?

    <p>Dilute by adding water drop by drop</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the final volume of turpentine oil emulsion to be prepared?

    <p>25 ml</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary component in the castor oil emulsion besides castor oil?

    <p>Gum acacia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What label should be put on the castor oil emulsion preparation?

    <p>To be taken as directed</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During the wet method, what should be added gradually to form the castor oil emulsion?

    <p>Water</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes a eutectic mixture?

    <p>A combination where two or more substances fuse to form a homogeneous composition</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of interaction occurs when two drugs with opposing effects are administered together?

    <p>Pharmacodynamic interaction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a type of chemical change listed?

    <p>Fermentation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can lead to therapeutic incompatibility?

    <p>Overdose of a single drug</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which option accurately defines pharmacokinetic interactions?

    <p>One drug altering the absorption, metabolism, or excretion of another</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which stage of pharmacokinetic interaction does 'drug displacement' occur?

    <p>Distribution</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a primary cause of clinical therapeutic incompatibilities?

    <p>Administration of contraindicated drugs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following interactions are specifically classified as pharmacodynamic interactions?

    <p>Drugs given with similar therapeutic effects influencing each other's action</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a primary consequence of physical incompatibility?

    <p>Change in color, odor, or taste</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a manifestation of physical incompatibility?

    <p>Chemical reaction between agents</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor does NOT affect the solubility of a prescribed agent in a vehicle?

    <p>Temperature of the environment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is meant by 'liquification of solids' in the context of physical incompatibility?

    <p>Solids forming a eutectic mixture</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of incompatibility results from mixing two substances that do not mix well, creating a turbid solution?

    <p>Physical incompatibility</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes pharmaceutical or physical incompatibility?

    <p>Visible or measurable changes in the preparation's physical properties</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of physical incompatibility, what effect does 'insolubility' have?

    <p>It can lead to difficulties in dosing accuracy.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following classifications does NOT belong to incompatibility types?

    <p>Biological incompatibility</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the required amount of CaCl2 needed to prepare 10 ml of a 10% w/v solution?

    <p>1 g</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main reason to inform a doctor about all medications being taken?

    <p>To prevent drug interactions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What by-product is formed when sodium bicarbonate reacts with calcium chloride?

    <p>Carbon dioxide</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of incompatibility is indicated by the formation of an insoluble white precipitate?

    <p>Physical incompatibility</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How much sodium bicarbonate is needed for a 5.6% w/v solution to prepare 15 ml?

    <p>0.84 g</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be done after weighing the sodium bicarbonate for the solution preparation?

    <p>Dissolve in 15 ml of water</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be checked on the label of OTC medications to avoid drug interactions?

    <p>Warnings section</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What occurs when sodium bicarbonate is combined with calcium chloride?

    <p>Chemical reaction occurs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the nature of drug-drug interactions?

    <p>They can alter the effects of one or both drugs.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an example of a synergistic drug-drug interaction?

    <p>Using codeine with paracetamol.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can cause a drug-excipient interaction?

    <p>A reaction between an active pharmaceutical ingredient and an excipient.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the consequence of excessive vitamin K intake while on blood-thinning drugs?

    <p>Decreased ability of blood-thinners to prevent clotting.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a possible result of a drug-food interaction?

    <p>Food can hinder the efficacy of certain medications.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How can packaging material interact in drug formulation?

    <p>By interacting with the active pharmaceutical ingredients.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What associated effect can arise from using magnesium stearate with certain amine drugs?

    <p>It can create color compounds that darken tablets.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about drug interactions is true?

    <p>Interactions can produce new effects that may be harmful.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Emulsion Preparation

    • Emulsions are mixtures of immiscible liquids.

    • Turpentine oil emulsion:

      • Turpentine oil: 5ml (or 2.5ml for x 25/50)
      • Gum acacia: Q.s. 1.25g (or 1.25g for x 25/50)
      • Distilled water: 50ml (or 25ml for x 25/50)
      • Preparation ratio: Oil:Water:Gum - 2:2:1 or 2.5:2.5:1.25
      • Method of preparation
        • Weigh acacia in a dry mortar and grind to fine powder.
        • Add all oil at once, then disperse it.
        • Add water at once and rapidly triturate in one direction until a clicking sound is heard.
        • Dilute by adding water drop by drop and mix thoroughly after each addition.
        • Adjust the volume to 25 ml.
        • Label the preparation.
        • Indication: To be applied at night. External use. Red label. Date: 21/11/2024. Shake before use.
        • Use as anti-rheumatic.

    • Castor oil emulsion:

      • Castor oil: 20ml (or 5ml for x 30/120)
      • Gum acacia: Q.s. 1.25g
      • Distilled water: 120ml (or 30ml for x 30/120)
      • Preparation ratio: Oil:Water:Gum - 4:2:1 or 5:2.5:1.25
      • Method of preparation (wet method):
        • Grind 1.25g gum acacia in mortar.
        • Add 2.5ml water, and triturate.
        • Add 5ml of castor oil gradually and triturate with constant rapid and light trituration.
        • Triturate vigorously until the primary emulsion forms.
        • Dilute gradually with water.
        • Complete the final volume.
        • Indication: To be taken as directed. Internal use. White label. Date: 28/11/2024. Shake before use.
        • Use as a purgative.

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    Related Documents

    Turpentine and Castor Oil Emulsions (2025 ANU) PDF
    Drug Incompatibility PDF

    Description

    This quiz covers the preparation of various emulsions, focusing on turpentine oil and castor oil formulations. It includes the necessary components, preparation methods, and indications for use. Test your knowledge on emulsions and their applications in external treatments.

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