EMT Chapter 30 - Abdominal and Genitourinary Injuries

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Questions and Answers

What is the most appropriate treatment for a patient with an avulsion to the penis?

  • Administering pain relief.
  • Applying direct pressure with a dry, sterile dressing. (correct)
  • Wrapping the penis in a wet cloth.
  • Transporting him without any treatment.

Abdominal pain, vomiting, and fever are most likely due to _______.

infection

Which of the following is NOT a hollow abdominal organ?

  • Gallbladder
  • Bladder
  • Stomach
  • Spleen (correct)

Prompt transport to the hospital is essential because the depth of an open abdominal wound is often difficult to determine.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Compression injury is most likely due to which of the following?

<p>Improperly placed lap belt (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Difficulty breathing and a sunken appearance of the anterior abdominal wall is MOST indicative of a ruptured _______.

<p>diaphragm</p> Signup and view all the answers

In pediatric patients, the liver and spleen are _______.

<p>larger in proportion to the abdomen</p> Signup and view all the answers

Injuries to the external male genitalia are rarely life-threatening.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Placing a pregnant patient in a supine position during the third trimester of pregnancy _______.

<p>may decrease the amount of blood that returns to the heart</p> Signup and view all the answers

When a hollow organ is punctured during a penetrating injury to the abdomen, peritonitis may not develop for several hours.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When a patient stiffens the muscles of the abdomen, it is known as _______.

<p>guarding</p> Signup and view all the answers

When should you visually inspect the external genitalia on your patient?

<p>Only when there is a complaint of severe pain or other injury</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is true regarding injury to the kidneys?

<p>Injury to the kidneys usually indicates injury to other organs. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following organs would MOST likely bleed profusely when injured?

<p>Liver (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The protruding organs in cases of abdominal eviscerations should be kept warm and moist.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

During transport of a patient with blunt abdominal trauma who is unstable, after treating the patient appropriately, you should _______.

<p>closely monitor him and reassess him frequently</p> Signup and view all the answers

You should suspect a kidney injury anytime the patient presents with _______.

<p>a hematoma in the flank region</p> Signup and view all the answers

Your documentation on a sexual assault victim should _______.

<p>be objective and factual</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should you do if a sexual assault patient has an impressive amount of blood on her clothes?

<p>Control any external bleeding, administer oxygen, and transport at once</p> Signup and view all the answers

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Study Notes

Abdominal and Genitourinary Injuries

  • An avulsion to the penis requires applying direct pressure with a dry, sterile dressing to manage bleeding.
  • Symptoms like abdominal pain, vomiting, and fever are typically indicative of an infection.
  • The spleen is the only solid organ listed among typically hollow abdominal organs.
  • Prompt transport to a hospital is critical when dealing with an open abdominal wound due to uncertain depth.
  • Compression injuries may result from improperly placed seatbelts.
  • Difficulty breathing and a sunken abdomen suggest a ruptured diaphragm.

Pediatric Considerations

  • In children, the liver and spleen are proportionally larger than in adults, increasing injury risk during trauma.
  • Injuries to the external male genitalia are usually not life-threatening.

Pregnant Patient Care

  • Positioning a pregnant woman on her back during the third trimester can reduce blood return to the heart, potentially causing complications.

Abdominal Trauma Assessment

  • After a hollow organ puncture, peritonitis may take several hours to manifest.
  • Guarding refers to involuntary muscle stiffening in response to abdominal pain.
  • Visual inspection of external genitalia should only occur with reported severe pain or injury.

Kidney and Organ Injuries

  • Kidney injuries often accompany damage to nearby organs, indicating the need for thorough examination.
  • The liver is prone to severe bleeding when injured, making it critical to monitor.
  • Eviscerations require that protruding organs remain warm and moist to prevent further complications.

Patient Monitoring and Care

  • In cases of blunt abdominal trauma with decreased consciousness and shallow respirations, inserting an airway adjunct and using a bag-valve-mask (BVM) are essential interventions.
  • For unstable patients with blunt trauma showing signs of shock, close monitoring and frequent reassessment are crucial during transport.
  • A hematoma in the flank region should raise suspicion for kidney injury.

Documentation and Response Protocols

  • Documentation for sexual assault cases must remain objective, factual, and precise to maintain integrity and accuracy.
  • In managing a conscious sexual assault victim with significant groin bleeding, control external bleeding, administer oxygen, and prepare for immediate transport.

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