EMT Chapter 20 Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What should you suspect in a 28-year-old female patient with difficulty controlling her blood sugar level?

significant hyperglycemia

What are classic signs and symptoms of hypoglycemia?

Tachycardia (correct)

Rapid respirations (correct)

Weakness (correct)

Cool, clammy skin (correct)

How is diabetes most accurately defined?

disorder of glucose metabolism

When does diabetic ketoacidosis occur?

when insulin is not available in the body Signup and view all the answers

What is excessive eating caused by cellular 'hunger' called?

polyphagia Signup and view all the answers

What is hemoglobin responsible for?

carrying oxygen Signup and view all the answers

Who should receive glucose in a general case?

a patient with altered mental status and a history of diabetes Signup and view all the answers

What condition are patients with thrombophilia at an increased risk for?

pulmonary embolism Signup and view all the answers

Type 2 diabetes patients usually control the disease with all the following except?

Supplemental insulin Signup and view all the answers

What causes polyuria in uncontrolled diabetes?

excess glucose in the blood is excreted by the kidneys Signup and view all the answers

What is an improper procedure for administering oral glucose?

Ensuring the absence of gag reflex Signup and view all the answers

When does symptomatic hypoglycemia most likely develop?

if a patient takes too much of his or her prescribed insulin Signup and view all the answers

What are the normal blood glucose levels?

80 to 120 mg/dL Signup and view all the answers

To which diabetic patient should you administer oral glucose?

a confused 55-year-old male with tachycardia and pallor Signup and view all the answers

What is type one diabetes?

a condition in which no insulin is produced by the body Signup and view all the answers

What is a primary visible difference between hypoglycemia and hyperglycemia in an unresponsive diabetic patient?

the rate and depth of breathing Signup and view all the answers

What is crucial to determine when obtaining a history from a diabetic patient with altered mental status?

if he or she has had any recent illnesses or excessive stress Signup and view all the answers

What signs or symptoms are most likely encountered in a patient with new onset type one diabetes?

weight loss and polyuria Signup and view all the answers

What is a correct statement regarding sickle cell disease?

in sickle cell disease, the red blood cells are abnormally shaped and are less able to carry oxygen Signup and view all the answers

What condition are diabetic patients at an increased risk of developing?

blindness Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Patient Assessment and Diabetes Complications

High suspicion of significant hyperglycemia in a 28-year-old female with recent type 1 diabetes diagnosis, excessive urination, and altered mental status.
Classic hypoglycemia indicators include cool, clammy skin, weakness, increased heart rate, and rapid breaths.
Diabetes is primarily a disorder affecting glucose metabolism, leading to various complications.

Diabetic Conditions and Symptoms

Diabetic ketoacidosis results from a lack of insulin, leading to severe metabolic imbalance.
Polyphagia, or excessive eating, stems from cells feeling starved due to inability to utilize glucose.
Polyuria, or increased urination, occurs in uncontrolled diabetes due to the kidneys excreting excess blood glucose.

Emergency Interventions

Administer oral glucose to patients with altered mental status, especially those with a diabetes history, ensuring a gag reflex is not present.
Symptomatic hypoglycemia can arise from taking excessive prescribed insulin.

Blood Glucose Management

Normal blood glucose levels range from 80 to 120 mg/dL, serving as a baseline for patient assessment.
Assessing a diabetic patient’s history is crucial, with emphasis on recent illnesses and stress levels affecting glucose metabolism.

Recognition of Diabetes Types

Type 1 diabetes is characterized by the body's complete absence of insulin production, differing from type 2, which typically does not require supplemental insulin.
New-onset type 1 diabetes symptoms include weight loss alongside polyuria.

Associated Risks and Complications

Diabetic patients face an increased risk of complications such as pulmonary embolism and blindness, highlighting the importance of regular monitoring and management of the condition.

Sickle Cell Disease

Sickle cell disease is noted for abnormally shaped red blood cells, which significantly impair oxygen transport, showcasing a critical area of concern in patient care.

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Description

Test your knowledge on emergency medical responses related to diabetes and mental responsiveness with this quiz from Chapter 20. The quiz includes scenarios that challenge your understanding of patient assessment and diagnosis. Perfect for EMT students looking to reinforce critical concepts.