Podcast
Questions and Answers
If this patient's condition is not promptly treated, she will MOST likely develop:
If this patient's condition is not promptly treated, she will MOST likely develop:
Based on her medical history, which of the following should the EMT suspect?
Based on her medical history, which of the following should the EMT suspect?
You should treat this patient as though he is experiencing:
You should treat this patient as though he is experiencing:
What should you do for an unconscious patient who has been ill recently and has not eaten?
What should you do for an unconscious patient who has been ill recently and has not eaten?
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A patient with an altered mental status, high blood glucose levels, and deep, rapid breathing may have a condition known as __________.
A patient with an altered mental status, high blood glucose levels, and deep, rapid breathing may have a condition known as __________.
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A patient with hypoglycemia will often present with which of the following signs/symptoms?
A patient with hypoglycemia will often present with which of the following signs/symptoms?
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Classic signs and symptoms of hypoglycemia include:
Classic signs and symptoms of hypoglycemia include:
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What does being treated with factor VIII indicate?
What does being treated with factor VIII indicate?
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Excessive eating caused by cellular 'hunger' is called:
Excessive eating caused by cellular 'hunger' is called:
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Type 2 diabetes is caused by resistance to insulin at the cellular level.
Type 2 diabetes is caused by resistance to insulin at the cellular level.
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Proper procedure for administering oral glucose to a patient includes all of the following, EXCEPT:
Proper procedure for administering oral glucose to a patient includes all of the following, EXCEPT:
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Symptomatic hypoglycemia will MOST likely develop if a patient takes too much of his or her prescribed insulin.
Symptomatic hypoglycemia will MOST likely develop if a patient takes too much of his or her prescribed insulin.
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Children cannot store excess glucose as effectively as adults.
Children cannot store excess glucose as effectively as adults.
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The main function of the endocrine system is to __________.
The main function of the endocrine system is to __________.
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The normal blood glucose level is between __________.
The normal blood glucose level is between __________.
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The two main types of cells contained in blood are called __________.
The two main types of cells contained in blood are called __________.
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Which of the following conditions is the diabetic patient at an increased risk of developing?
Which of the following conditions is the diabetic patient at an increased risk of developing?
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Which of the following statements regarding glucose is correct?
Which of the following statements regarding glucose is correct?
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Which of the following statements regarding sickle cell disease is correct?
Which of the following statements regarding sickle cell disease is correct?
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What definitive treatment should you recognize for a patient with a blood sugar reading of 480 mg/dL?
What definitive treatment should you recognize for a patient with a blood sugar reading of 480 mg/dL?
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Study Notes
Diabetic Emergencies and Complications
- A patient with a blood glucose level of 320 mg/dL and symptoms such as excessive urination and weakness may develop irreversible renal failure if untreated.
- Difficulty breathing in a 66-year-old woman with a history of diabetes could indicate pulmonary embolism, especially given her history of deep vein thrombosis (DVT).
- A 75-year-old male with chest pain and weakness should be treated as though experiencing a heart attack, particularly since he has type 1 diabetes and recently ate.
- An unconscious patient on diabetes medications who hasn’t eaten in 24 hours requires airway management and assessment of breathing.
Hypoglycemia and Diabetic Ketoacidosis
- Symptoms of diabetic ketoacidosis include altered mental status, high blood glucose levels, and deep, rapid breathing.
- A patient with hypoglycemia typically shows pale, cool, and clammy skin, along with cool, clammy skin, weakness, tachycardia, and rapid respirations as classic signs.
- Symptomatic hypoglycemia most likely develops from administering an excess of prescribed insulin.
Insulin Resistance and Diabetes Types
- Type 2 diabetes is primarily caused by cellular resistance to insulin, contrasting with type 1 diabetes which typically involves insulin deficiency.
- The body's ability to store excess glucose is less effective in children, necessitating assessment for hypoglycemia in severely ill or injured pediatric patients.
Endocrine System and Blood Glucose Levels
- The endocrine system's main function is maintaining homeostasis in the body.
- Normal blood glucose levels range from 80 to 120 mg/dL.
- The brain necessitates glucose for functioning, comparable to its need for oxygen.
Hemophilia and Sickle Cell Disease
- Treatment with factor VIII indicates hemophilia A in patients.
- In sickle cell disease, red blood cells are abnormally shaped, impairing their oxygen-carrying capacity.
Treatment and Patient Management
- When administering oral glucose, it is critical to check for the presence of a gag reflex to avoid complications.
- Definitive treatment for a patient with a blood sugar of 480 mg/dL who is semi-conscious involves administering insulin.
- Diabetic patients are at an increased risk of complications such as blindness due to the disease's effects on organ systems.
Blood Components
- Blood contains two main cell types: erythrocytes (red blood cells) and leukocytes (white blood cells).
Studying That Suits You
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Description
Test your knowledge with these flashcards from EMT Chapter 19, focusing on critical conditions related to diabetes and respiratory issues. Each flashcard presents a clinical scenario to enhance your understanding of emergency medical treatment and patient assessment.
