Podcast
Questions and Answers
The spinal cord exits the cranium through the:
The spinal cord exits the cranium through the:
foramen magnum.
The left cerebral hemisphere controls:
The left cerebral hemisphere controls:
right side of the body.
Which of the following patients would MOST likely demonstrate typical signs of infection, such as a fever?
Which of the following patients would MOST likely demonstrate typical signs of infection, such as a fever?
Interruption of cerebral blood flow may result from all of the following, EXCEPT:
Interruption of cerebral blood flow may result from all of the following, EXCEPT:
Signup and view all the answers
Which of the following MOST accurately describes a simple partial seizure?
Which of the following MOST accurately describes a simple partial seizure?
Signup and view all the answers
Your patient opens his eyes, moans, and pulls away from you when you pinch his trapezius muscle. You should assign a Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score of:
Your patient opens his eyes, moans, and pulls away from you when you pinch his trapezius muscle. You should assign a Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score of:
Signup and view all the answers
Which of the following conditions would be the LEAST likely to mimic the signs and symptoms of a stroke?
Which of the following conditions would be the LEAST likely to mimic the signs and symptoms of a stroke?
Signup and view all the answers
A patient whose speech is slurred and difficult to understand is experiencing:
A patient whose speech is slurred and difficult to understand is experiencing:
Signup and view all the answers
The three major parts of the brain are the:
The three major parts of the brain are the:
Signup and view all the answers
A patient with an altered mental status is:
A patient with an altered mental status is:
Signup and view all the answers
Which of the following conditions is NOT a common cause of seizures?
Which of the following conditions is NOT a common cause of seizures?
Signup and view all the answers
Which of the following is a metabolic cause of a seizure?
Which of the following is a metabolic cause of a seizure?
Signup and view all the answers
The MOST significant risk factor for a hemorrhagic stroke is:
The MOST significant risk factor for a hemorrhagic stroke is:
Signup and view all the answers
The anterior aspect of the cerebrum controls:
The anterior aspect of the cerebrum controls:
Signup and view all the answers
A 40-year-old patient without a history of seizures experiences a generalized (tonic-clonic) seizure. The LEAST likely cause of this seizure is:
A 40-year-old patient without a history of seizures experiences a generalized (tonic-clonic) seizure. The LEAST likely cause of this seizure is:
Signup and view all the answers
The most basic functions of the body, such as breathing, blood pressure, and swallowing, are controlled by the:
The most basic functions of the body, such as breathing, blood pressure, and swallowing, are controlled by the:
Signup and view all the answers
You are caring for a 68-year-old man with sudden onset of left-sided paralysis and slurred speech. His airway is patent, his respirations are 14 breaths/min with adequate depth, and his oxygen saturation is 98%. Treatment for this patient should include:
You are caring for a 68-year-old man with sudden onset of left-sided paralysis and slurred speech. His airway is patent, his respirations are 14 breaths/min with adequate depth, and his oxygen saturation is 98%. Treatment for this patient should include:
Signup and view all the answers
You are dispatched to a residence for a 66-year-old male who, according to family members, has suffered a massive stroke. Your primary assessment reveals that the patient is unresponsive, apneic, and pulseless. You should:
You are dispatched to a residence for a 66-year-old male who, according to family members, has suffered a massive stroke. Your primary assessment reveals that the patient is unresponsive, apneic, and pulseless. You should:
Signup and view all the answers
You are assessing the arm drift component of the Cincinnati Prehospital Stroke Scale on a 60-year-old woman. When she holds both of her arms out in front of her and closes her eyes, both of her arms immediately fall to her sides. You should:
You are assessing the arm drift component of the Cincinnati Prehospital Stroke Scale on a 60-year-old woman. When she holds both of her arms out in front of her and closes her eyes, both of her arms immediately fall to her sides. You should:
Signup and view all the answers
Which of the following MOST accurately describes the cause of an ischemic stroke?
Which of the following MOST accurately describes the cause of an ischemic stroke?
Signup and view all the answers
You arrive at a grocery store shortly after a 35-year-old male stopped seizing. Your assessment reveals that he is confused and incontinent of urine. The patient's girlfriend tells you that he has a history of seizures and takes topiramate (Topamax). When obtaining further medical history from the girlfriend, it is MOST important to:
You arrive at a grocery store shortly after a 35-year-old male stopped seizing. Your assessment reveals that he is confused and incontinent of urine. The patient's girlfriend tells you that he has a history of seizures and takes topiramate (Topamax). When obtaining further medical history from the girlfriend, it is MOST important to:
Signup and view all the answers
An absence seizure is also referred to as a:
An absence seizure is also referred to as a:
Signup and view all the answers
Status epilepticus is characterized by:
Status epilepticus is characterized by:
Signup and view all the answers
Febrile seizures:
Febrile seizures:
Signup and view all the answers
During the primary assessment of a semiconscious 70-year-old female, you should:
During the primary assessment of a semiconscious 70-year-old female, you should:
Signup and view all the answers
When transporting a stable stroke patient with a paralyzed extremity, place the patient in a:
When transporting a stable stroke patient with a paralyzed extremity, place the patient in a:
Signup and view all the answers
Which of the following findings should concern the EMT the MOST when assessing a patient who complains of a headache?
Which of the following findings should concern the EMT the MOST when assessing a patient who complains of a headache?
Signup and view all the answers
An area of swelling or enlargement in a weakened arterial wall is called:
An area of swelling or enlargement in a weakened arterial wall is called:
Signup and view all the answers
A patient who is experiencing aphasia is:
A patient who is experiencing aphasia is:
Signup and view all the answers
The mental status of a patient who has experienced a generalized seizure:
The mental status of a patient who has experienced a generalized seizure:
Signup and view all the answers
Study Notes
Spinal Cord and Brain Hemispheres
- The spinal cord exits the cranium via the foramen magnum.
- The left cerebral hemisphere is responsible for controlling the right side of the body.
Signs of Infection and Seizure Types
- A 17-year-old male with anxiety may show typical signs of infection such as fever.
- A simple partial seizure typically starts in one extremity.
Assessing Neurological Status
- A Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score of 8 indicates a patient's level of consciousness where they exhibit some motor response.
- Dysarthria refers to slurred and difficult-to-understand speech.
Brain Structure and Function
- The brain consists of three major parts: cerebrum, cerebellum, and brain stem.
- The brain stem controls basic bodily functions like breathing, blood pressure, and swallowing.
Stroke Conditions
- Hypovolemia is least likely to mimic stroke symptoms compared to other conditions.
- The anterior aspect of the cerebrum is associated with emotional control.
Seizures and Their Causes
- Hypotension is not commonly recognized as a cause of seizures.
- Poisoning is identified as a metabolic cause of seizures.
Hemorrhagic Stroke Risks
- Hypertension is the most significant risk factor for hemorrhagic strokes.
- An ischemic stroke is caused by the blockage of a cerebral artery.
Response to Stroke and Seizures
- In cases of left-sided paralysis and slurred speech, the patient should be placed in recovery position and transported for further care.
- If a stroke patient is unresponsive and apneic, initiate CPR and attach an AED immediately.
Cincinnati Prehospital Stroke Scale
- If a patient’s arms drop during the arm drift test, repeat the test by positioning their arms manually.
Seizure History and Management
- When assessing a seizure patient's history, obtain details on how the seizure developed.
- An absence seizure is also known as a petit mal seizure, characterized by brief lapses in consciousness.
- Status epilepticus involves prolonged seizures without regaining consciousness.
Febrile Seizures
- Febrile seizures are typically benign but require appropriate evaluation.
Patient Assessment Priorities
- For semi-conscious patients, priority should be to ensure a patent airway and support ventilation as necessary.
- The paralyzed side of a stable stroke patient should be positioned downward during transport.
Assessment Concerns
- Neck stiffness or pain alongside headaches raises significant concern during patient assessment.
Aneurysms and Aphasia
- An aneurysm is defined as an area of swelling in a weakened arterial wall.
- A patient experiencing aphasia is unable to produce or comprehend speech.
Recovery After Seizures
- The mental status of a patient who has had a generalized seizure typically improves within 5 to 30 minutes post-seizure.
Studying That Suits You
Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.
Description
Test your knowledge of emergency medical terminology with these flashcards from EMT Chapter 17. Each card presents key concepts related to the human nervous system, brain function, and patient assessment. Perfect for anyone preparing for EMT certification or needing a refresher in emergency medicine.
