Podcast Beta
Questions and Answers
Which of the following blood vessels transports oxygenated blood?
The ability of cardiac muscle cells to contract spontaneously without a stimulus from a nerve source is called?
Automaticity
Which of the following would cause the greatest increase in cardiac output?
Narrowing of the coronary arteries caused by a buildup of fatty deposits is called?
Signup and view all the answers
Which of the following is a major difference between angina pectoris and AMI?
Signup and view all the answers
An acute myocardial infarction (AMI) occurs when?
Signup and view all the answers
Common signs and symptoms of a hypertensive emergency include?
Signup and view all the answers
What do the signs and symptoms in a 66-year-old woman with stabbing chest pain and unequal blood pressure most likely indicate?
Signup and view all the answers
Which medication is commonly given to patients with chest pain to prevent blood clots?
Signup and view all the answers
What represents the MOST appropriate method of assisting a patient with their prescribed nitroglycerin tablet or spray?
Signup and view all the answers
When obtaining a 12-lead ECG, the patient should be?
Signup and view all the answers
In contrast to an automated implanted cardiac defibrillator (AICD), an external defibrillator vest?
Signup and view all the answers
What should you expect to encounter during your assessment of a patient with a left ventricular assist device (LVAD)?
Signup and view all the answers
The AED is MOST advantageous to the EMT because?
Signup and view all the answers
The main legal risk in using the AED is?
Signup and view all the answers
Defibrillator pads are placed on the patient's chest?
Signup and view all the answers
What should you do after receiving a 'no shock advised' message from the AED?
Signup and view all the answers
Further treatment for a patient who has achieved return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) should include?
Signup and view all the answers
Before defibrillating a patient with an AED, it is MOST important that you?
Signup and view all the answers
Which of the following signs or symptoms would you NOT expect to encounter in a patient with congestive heart failure?
Signup and view all the answers
Study Notes
Cardiology Overview
- Pulmonary vein is responsible for transporting oxygenated blood to the heart.
- Automaticity refers to the ability of cardiac muscle cells to contract without nerve stimulation.
Cardiac Output
- Greatest increase in cardiac output results from both increased heart rate and increased stroke volume.
Cardiovascular Conditions
- Atherosclerosis is the narrowing of coronary arteries due to fatty deposits build-up.
- Angina pectoris pain subsides with rest, which distinguishes it from acute myocardial infarction (AMI).
- An AMI occurs when myocardial tissue dies due to a lack of oxygen.
Hypertensive Emergencies
- Signs of hypertensive emergencies include a bounding pulse, severe headache, and dizziness.
- A dissecting aortic aneurysm is indicated by severe chest pain radiating to the back and differing blood pressures in arms.
Medication and Treatment
- Aspirin is commonly administered to patients experiencing chest pain to prevent clot formation.
- For nitroglycerin, administer via sublingual route allowing absorption.
ECG and Defibrillation
- During a 12-lead ECG, the patient should lie supine with legs uncrossed.
- An external defibrillator vest delivers high-energy shocks similar to an AED.
- Patients with a left ventricular assist device (LVAD) may show no palpable pulse due to continuous pump flow.
AED Utilization
- AEDs provide quick defibrillation for patients with ventricular fibrillation and do not require ALS personnel for use.
- Risk of using an AED includes failing to deliver a shock when indicated.
Defibrillation Protocol
- Defibrillator pads should be placed with one pad to the right of the upper sternum and the other to the left lower chest below the armpit.
- Upon receiving a "no shock advised" message from an AED, continue CPR for 2 minutes before reassessing.
- After achieving return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC), provide BVM ventilation and assess oxygen saturation.
Safety Measures
- Ensure no one is touching the patient before defibrillation with an AED.
- Patients with congestive heart failure typically do not present with hypotension or flat jugular veins.
Studying That Suits You
Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.
Description
Test your knowledge with these flashcards from EMT Chapter 16 on cardiology. Cover key definitions and concepts related to blood vessels and cardiac function. Perfect for review before exams or to reinforce your understanding of cardiac physiology.
