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Questions and Answers
Which of the following is a nonhemorrhagic cause of hypovolemic shock?
Which of the following is a nonhemorrhagic cause of hypovolemic shock?
- Liver laceration
- Diarrhea (correct)
- Cardiogenic shock
- Obstructive shock
Why is it most important to frequently reassess vital signs for a patient with possible shock?
Why is it most important to frequently reassess vital signs for a patient with possible shock?
To observe trends in the patient's condition.
One of the primary waste products of normal cellular metabolism that must be removed from the body by the lungs is:
One of the primary waste products of normal cellular metabolism that must be removed from the body by the lungs is:
Carbon Dioxide.
After applying supplemental oxygen to a patient with severe vomiting and diarrhea, what should you do next?
After applying supplemental oxygen to a patient with severe vomiting and diarrhea, what should you do next?
Before making physical contact with a patient who has been stabbed in the chest, what is MOST important to do?
Before making physical contact with a patient who has been stabbed in the chest, what is MOST important to do?
Patients develop septic shock secondary to:
Patients develop septic shock secondary to:
Shock is the result of:
Shock is the result of:
Which of the following patients is in decompensated shock?
Which of the following patients is in decompensated shock?
In addition to spinal immobilization and rapid transport, what is the MOST appropriate treatment for a construction worker who fell 30 feet and has a blood pressure of 70/50 mm Hg?
In addition to spinal immobilization and rapid transport, what is the MOST appropriate treatment for a construction worker who fell 30 feet and has a blood pressure of 70/50 mm Hg?
After completing the primary assessment of an unresponsive patient struck by a vehicle, what should you do next?
After completing the primary assessment of an unresponsive patient struck by a vehicle, what should you do next?
Why is hypotension in a child with blunt or penetrating trauma particularly significant?
Why is hypotension in a child with blunt or penetrating trauma particularly significant?
Cardiogenic shock may result from all of the following, EXCEPT:
Cardiogenic shock may result from all of the following, EXCEPT:
Capillary sphincters are:
Capillary sphincters are:
Which of the following would MOST likely result in hemorrhagic shock?
Which of the following would MOST likely result in hemorrhagic shock?
Widespread vasodilation, increased capillary permeability, and bronchoconstriction are the result of ___________.
Widespread vasodilation, increased capillary permeability, and bronchoconstriction are the result of ___________.
Temporary, widespread vasodilation and syncope caused by a sudden nervous system reaction MOST accurately describes:
Temporary, widespread vasodilation and syncope caused by a sudden nervous system reaction MOST accurately describes:
The body's attempt to maintain balance of all systems of the body is called ________.
The body's attempt to maintain balance of all systems of the body is called ________.
All of the following conditions should make you suspect shock, EXCEPT:
All of the following conditions should make you suspect shock, EXCEPT:
In order to recognize and treat early shock, the EMT must ___________.
In order to recognize and treat early shock, the EMT must ___________.
Which of the following will assume control of involuntary functions during shock?
Which of the following will assume control of involuntary functions during shock?
What are the three parts of the Perfusion triangle?
What are the three parts of the Perfusion triangle?
What causes cardiogenic shock?
What causes cardiogenic shock?
What is edema?
What is edema?
What is obstructive shock?
What is obstructive shock?
What is a pulmonary embolism?
What is a pulmonary embolism?
What is distributive shock?
What is distributive shock?
What are the four most common types of distributive shock?
What are the four most common types of distributive shock?
What is hypovolemic shock?
What is hypovolemic shock?
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Study Notes
Nonhemorrhagic Causes of Hypovolemic Shock
- Diarrhea is a significant nonhemorrhagic cause of hypovolemic shock.
Importance of Vital Signs Monitoring
- Frequent reassessment of vital signs is critical to observe trends in a patient's condition.
Waste Products of Cellular Metabolism
- Carbon dioxide is a primary waste product that must be expelled by the lungs.
Patient Assessment in Shock
- For a patient with severe vomiting, diarrhea, confusion, and absent radial pulses (BP: 78/50 mm Hg), immediate transport is essential after providing supplemental oxygen.
Standard Precautions in Emergency Situations
- Always follow standard precautions before making physical contact with patients, such as a stabbing victim.
Causes of Septic Shock
- Septic shock occurs due to poor vessel function and significant volume loss.
Mechanism of Shock
- Shock is primarily caused by hypoperfusion, which reduces blood flow to body cells.
Identification of Decompensated Shock
- A 20-year-old female with absent radial pulses and dilated pupils is in a state of decompensated shock.
Management of Traumatic Injury
- A construction worker with severe injuries from a fall requires spinal immobilization, rapid transport, assisted ventilation, thermal management, and elevation of lower extremities.
Protocol for Unresponsive Patients
- Following the primary assessment of an unresponsive patient, the next step is to transport without delay.
Clinical Significance of Hypotension in Children
- Hypotension in children with trauma often signals a catastrophic loss of up to half of their blood volume.
Cardiogenic Shock Characteristics
- Cardiogenic shock can occur due to all conditions except increased preload.
Function of Capillary Sphincters
- Capillary sphincters, circular muscular walls, regulate blood flow through capillaries.
Causes of Hemorrhagic Shock
- Liver laceration is a likely cause of hemorrhagic shock.
Anaphylactic Shock
- Widespread vasodilation, increased capillary permeability, and bronchoconstriction characterize anaphylactic shock.
Psychogenic Shock Dynamics
- Psychogenic shock is temporary and results from widespread vasodilation and syncope due to sudden nervous system reactions.
Homeostasis Definition
- Homeostasis refers to the body's efforts to maintain balance across all its systems.
Shock Suspicions
- Ischemic stroke is not typically associated with shock suspect conditions.
Understanding Shock Pathophysiology
- Recognizing and effectively treating early shock requires a solid understanding of its pathophysiology.
Control of Involuntary Functions
- During shock, the sympathetic nervous system assumes control of involuntary functions.
Components of the Perfusion Triangle
- Perfusion triangle consists of:
- The heart as the pump
- Blood vessels or arteries as the pipes
- Blood as the contents.
Characteristics of Cardiogenic Shock
- Cardiogenic shock results from the heart's inadequate function, often referred to as pump failure.
Definition of Edema
- Edema is the excessive accumulation of fluid between cells in body tissues, causing swelling in the affected area.
Obstructive Shock Explained
- Obstructive shock arises from mechanical blockage preventing sufficient blood flow to fill heart chambers.
Definition of Pulmonary Embolism
- A pulmonary embolism is a blood clot in the pulmonary circulation that obstructs blood flow in the pulmonary vessels.
Understanding Distributive Shock
- Distributive shock results from widespread dilation of small arterioles or venules.
Types of Distributive Shock
- The four common types of distributive shock include septic, neurogenic, anaphylactic, and psychogenic.
Hypovolemic Shock Definition
- Hypovolemic shock results from an inadequate amount of fluid within the body.
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