EMT Chapter 10: Airway Management

Questions and Answers

What is the purpose of an oropharyngeal airway?

To keep the tongue from blocking the upper airway

Both A and B (correct)

To make it easier to suction the oropharynx

To provide oxygen

What is the Head-Tilt-Chin-Lift Maneuver used for?

Opening the airway in a patient without a suspected cervical spine injury.

Intrapulmonary shunting occurs when blood coming from the right side of the heart bypasses _________ and returns to the left side of the heart in an unoxygenated state.

nonfunctional alveoli

Which of the following is NOT a structure of the lower airway?

Epiglottis Signup and view all the answers

The diaphragm is innervated by which nerve?

Phrenic nerve Signup and view all the answers

What is the process of exchanging oxygen and carbon dioxide between the alveoli and the blood called?

External respiration Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a sign of hypoxia?

Dehydration Signup and view all the answers

What is ventilation?

Air moving in and out of the lungs. Signup and view all the answers

What does oxygenation refer to?

Loading oxygen molecules into hemoglobin molecules in the bloodstream. Signup and view all the answers

What is respiration?

Exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide. Signup and view all the answers

What is considered adequate breathing rate?

12-20 breaths per minute at rest. Signup and view all the answers

Indicators for using an oropharyngeal airway include unresponsive patients without a gag reflex and _________.

apneic patients being ventilated Signup and view all the answers

What does it mean if a patient is apneic?

Patients who are no longer breathing. Signup and view all the answers

What is aspiration?

The introduction of foreign material into the lungs. Signup and view all the answers

What is anemia?

Not enough healthy red blood cells. Signup and view all the answers

What does hypoglycemia mean?

When a patient is breathing deeply. Signup and view all the answers

What is the recovery position?

Place a patient on their left side. Signup and view all the answers

What is a nasopharyngeal airway?

Airway junction used in your nasopharynx. Signup and view all the answers

What does P.I.S.S stand for?

Pin Index Safety System. Signup and view all the answers

What are common oxygen levels indoors?

21% Room oxygen. Signup and view all the answers

When should you take an oxygen tank out of service?

At 500 pounds per square inch (PSI). Signup and view all the answers

What does C.P.A.P stand for?

Continuous Positive Airway Pressure. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Airway Management Concepts

Oropharyngeal Airway: Prevents the tongue from blocking the upper airway; facilitates suctioning of the oropharynx.
Head-Tilt-Chin-Lift Maneuver: Essential technique for airway opening in patients without suspected cervical spine injury.

Intrapulmonary Shunting

Caused by nonfunctional alveoli leading to blood from the right heart returning unoxygenated to the left heart.
Impairment in respiration results from insufficient pulmonary surfactant and diminished gas exchange.

Structures of the Airway

The lower airway includes trachea, bronchioles, and alveoli, but not the epiglottis.

Diaphragm Nerve Supply

Innervated by the phrenic nerve, crucial for contraction during respiration.

Gas Exchange Process

External Respiration: The exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between alveoli and capillaries.

Signs of Hypoxia

Indicators include tachycardia, cyanosis, and weak pulse; dehydration is not a sign of hypoxia.

Ventilation: Movement of air in and out of the lungs.
Oxygenation: Involves loading oxygen molecules onto hemoglobin in the bloodstream.
Respiration: Refers to gas exchange in alveoli and body tissues.
Adequate Breathing: Defined as 12-20 breaths per minute at rest.

Airway Management Indicators

Oropharyngeal Airway indicated for unresponsive patients without a gag reflex and apneic patients being ventilated.
Apneic Patients: Defined as those not breathing.
Aspiration: Involves the introduction of foreign materials into the lungs.

Anemia and Its Effects

Characterized by insufficient healthy red blood cells, affecting oxygen transport and carbon dioxide removal.

Recovery Position

Patients should be placed on their left side if breathing independently and without injuries.

Nasopharyngeal Airway Use

Appropriate for semiconscious or unconscious patients with an intact gag reflex who cannot maintain airway spontaneously.

Safety Systems and Oxygen Levels

Pin Index Safety System (P.I.S.S): A safety feature for gas cylinders.
Oxygen Availability: Room air contains 21% oxygen; nasal cannula delivers 24-44%; BVM with reservoir provides 95-100%.

Oxygen Tank Service Limit

Oxygen tanks should be removed from service when pressure drops to 500 pounds per square inch (PSI).

CPAP Definition

Stands for Continuous Positive Airway Pressure, used to maintain open airways during sleep.

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Description

This quiz covers key concepts from EMT Chapter 10, focusing on airway management techniques. It includes definitions of critical terms such as oropharyngeal airway and the head-tilt-chin-lift maneuver. Test your understanding of these essential skills for effective emergency response.