255 Questions
What is the correct hierarchy of training of EMS professionals from the least amount of training to the most?
EMR, EMT, AEMT, Paramedic
What is the minimum level of training needed to staff an ambulance?
EMT
What is the term for placing your body in a position that protects yourself from harm's way?
Taking cover
What is the term for practices to prevent exposure to disease during patient contact?
Body substance isolation
What is the difference between 'concealment' and 'taking cover'?
Concealment hides you but does not protect you as well as taking cover
Which of the following diseases is NOT typically spread through bloodborne transmission?
Tuberculosis
What is a sign that a person is deceased and cannot be resuscitated?
Decapitation
Which stage is NOT part of the grieving process?
Abandonment
When lifting a patient, what body mechanic is most important?
Lift with your legs
Which type of drag is NOT typically used in emergency situations?
Wheelbarrow drag
In what position should a patient be placed if they are breathing adequately but are unresponsive?
Recovery Position
What principle allows you to begin care on an unresponsive patient?
Implied Consent
What is the exception to the criteria for a patient to rightfully refuse care?
The patient has an altered LOC
Which law governs the disclosure of protected health information?
Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act
Which of the following is NOT a type of Advanced Directive?
Abandonment
What is the term for leaving a patient in the care of a trained Paramedic after providing care?
Transfer of Care
What is the term for a patient's decision to refuse medical treatment?
Refusal of Care
What is the primary purpose of body substance isolation practices?
To prevent exposure to disease during patient contact
What is the key difference between 'concealment' and 'taking cover'?
Concealment hides but does not protect, while taking cover provides protection
Which level of EMS professional requires the most training?
Paramedic
What is the purpose of having a hierarchy of EMS professionals?
To categorize EMS professionals based on their level of expertise
Why is it essential to have a clear understanding of the EMS professional hierarchy?
To ensure proper patient care and resource allocation
What principle allows you to begin care on an unresponsive patient?
Implied Consent
What is the exception to the criteria for a patient to rightfully refuse care?
The patient has an altered LOC
Which law governs the disclosure of protected health information?
Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act
Which of the following is NOT a type of Advanced Directive?
Legal Trust
What is the term for leaving a patient in the care of a trained Paramedic after providing care?
Abandonment
What is the term for a patient's decision to refuse medical treatment?
Refusal of Care
Which of the following diseases is typically spread through airborne transmission?
Tuberculosis
What is a sign that a person is deceased and cannot be resuscitated?
Decapitation
Which of the following is NOT a stage of dealing with grief?
Abandonment
When lifting a patient, what body mechanic is most important?
Lift with your legs
Which type of drag is NOT typically used in emergency situations?
Firefighter's drag
What is the term for the set of rules, regulations, and laws that designate how you legally function as an EMT?
Scope of practice
What is the longest and strongest bone in the human body?
Femur
What type of vessels carry blood away from the heart?
Artery
Which component of blood is responsible for fighting infections and devouring bacteria?
White blood cells
What is the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide occurring in?
Alveoli
What is the Left Ventricle?
The most muscular chamber of the heart
What is the correct order of the divisions of the spinal cord from top to bottom?
Cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacral, coccyx
What are the inferior chambers of the heart?
Ventricles
What is NOT a component of the pelvic girdle?
Clavicle
Where does the exchange of gases, nutrients, and waste products occur?
Capillaries
What is the compression to breath ratio for two-person BLS CPR on a child?
2:15
What does the 'P' in the SAMPLE acronym stand for?
Past medical history
What is the normal respiratory rate for an infant?
30-60
What is the term for a wave of pressure that can be felt in the arteries when the heart contracts?
Pulse
Which of the following is a sign?
Cyanosis
How often should you reassess an unstable patient?
3-5 minutes
What is the acronym used to assess a patient's pupils?
PERRL
When assessing a trauma patient, where do you start the secondary assessment?
Head
What medical prefix means 'above normal'?
Hyper-
Which type of tissue connects bone to bone?
Ligaments
What is the mechanical process of moving air in and out of the body?
Ventilation
Which component of blood is responsible for fighting infections and devouring bacteria?
White blood cells
What is the definition of a poison?
A substance that can cause death in relatively small quantities
During the primary assessment, what should you determine?
whether additional resources are needed
Which of the following is NOT a route by which a poison can enter the body?
Dermal
What will the scene size-up and general impression of the patient MOST likely help you with?
determine whether the patient has experienced trauma or illness
When opening the airway of an unconscious injured patient, what should you use?
head tilt–chin lift maneuver
What is red skin color indicative of?
flushed
What should you suspect if a patient presents with yellow skin color?
problems with the liver
What principle allows you to begin care on an unresponsive patient?
implied consent
What is the measurement from the earlobe to the nostril?
Earlobe to the tip of the nose
What is the respiratory rate of a child in minutes?
25-50
What is the oxygen flow rate needed to deliver oxygen using a nonrebreather mask in liters per minute?
2-6
What is the rate of chest compressions in CPR for an adult patient in compressions per minute?
100
What is the opposite of proximal?
Distal
What is the term for leaving a patient in the care of a trained paramedic after providing care?
Transfer of care
What is an important step in managing your own stress?
recognize its signs and symptoms
A chronically ill patient who is experiencing denial typically:
makes statements such as 'Why me?'
A 77-year-old man has a history of tachycardia. What does this mean?
Fast heart rate
When you touch an infant's cheek, they turn their head towards the side you touched. This is an example of which reflex?
Rooting reflex
Which of the following is NOT an upper airway structure?
alveoli
In contrast to veins, arteries:
carry blood away from the heart under high pressure
When inserting an airway, what direction should the bevel face?
Outward, away from the patient's face
What is NOT an example of adequate COVER?
A sheet of paper
Where is the appropriate landmark for performing abdominal thrusts on a conscious patient with a severe airway obstruction?
Approximately 1" to 2" (2.5 to 5 cm) below the patient's navel
What determines the proper oxygen flow rate?
Patient's condition and type of oxygen delivery device used
What should you coat the airway with before insertion?
A petroleum-based lubricant
What is the function of the right atrium?
to receive blood from the veins of the body
What percentage of a patient's total blood volume is plasma?
20%
What is responsible for blood clotting?
platelets
Where does the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide occur?
at the capillary level
What is the term for the fluid component of the blood?
plasma
What generates a pulse?
when the heart contracts and sends a wave of pressure through the arteries
During the primary assessment, what should you do?
Determine whether the scene is safe for you to enter.
What does the scene size-up and general impression of the patient help you do?
Determine whether the patient has experienced trauma or illness.
When opening the airway of an unconscious injured patient, what should you use?
The head tilt–chin lift maneuver.
What does a red skin color indicate?
Flushed.
What should you suspect if a patient presents with yellow skin color?
Problems with the liver.
What principle allows you to begin care on an unresponsive patient?
Implied consent.
What is the term for the inhalation of vomitus or other secretions into the lungs?
Aspiration
What should a patient's pupil do when a light is shone into it?
Constrict
What is characteristic of rapid, shallow respirations?
Shock
How would you describe a pulse that is present but not easily detected?
Thready
When should you be most suspicious of an abdominal injury?
The patient's abdomen is rigid or swollen
What is the most common cause of seizures in infants and young children?
A sudden high fever
When treating a patient who is actively seizing, your focus should be on:
protecting the patient from injury
Immediately following a seizure, the patient is often:
anxious, confused, or hostile
Atherosclerosis is MOST accurately defined as:
hardening of the arteries
Congestive heart failure (CHF) is caused by:
failure of the heart to pump adequately
Emphysema is caused by:
damage to the alveoli in the lungs
The Cincinnati Prehospital Stroke Scale assesses:
facial droop, arm drift, and abnormal speech
What is the medical prefix that means 'above normal'?
Hyper-
Which type of tissue connects bone to bone?
Ligaments
What is the mechanical process of moving air in and out of the body?
Ventilation
What type of vessel carries blood away from the heart?
Artery
Which component of blood fights infections and devours bacteria?
White blood cells
How does activated charcoal work?
By binding to the poison
What is the term for the inhalation of vomitus or other secretions into the lungs?
aspiration
When a light is shone into a patient's pupil, the pupil should:
constrict
What is characteristic of rapid, shallow respirations?
shock
How would you describe a pulse that is present but not easily detected?
thready
What is the most common cause of seizures in infants and young children?
a sudden high fever
When should you be MOST suspicious of an abdominal injury?
the patient's abdomen is rigid or swollen
All of the following are signs of obvious death, EXCEPT:
High blood pressure
If a cardiac arrest patient is found in a bed, you should:
Immediately place the patient on a firm, level surface
Chest compressions should be performed at a rate of:
At least 100 per minute
An important step in managing your own stress is the ability to:
recognize its signs and symptoms
A child is MOST accurately defined as a person who:
Is between 1 year and the onset of puberty
A patient with a history of tachycardia has a history of which of the following?
Fast heart rate
When performing two-rescuer CPR on an infant or child, you should:
Deliver each rescue breath over 1 to 2 seconds
Which of the following is NOT an upper airway structure?
alveoli
Which of the following statements regarding two-rescuer adult CPR is correct?
Do not interrupt compressions for more than 15 to 20 seconds
In contrast to veins, arteries:
carry blood away from the heart under high pressure
The spine contains _____ vertebrae.
33
Potential causes of seizures include all of the following, EXCEPT:
increased oxygen levels in the brain
If a patient is actively seizing, what should your treatment focus on?
protecting the patient from injury
Immediately following a seizure, the patient is often:
anxious, confused, or hostile
Atherosclerosis is MOST accurately defined as:
hardening of the arteries
Congestive heart failure (CHF) is caused by:
failure of the heart to pump adequately
Emphysema is caused by:
damage to the alveoli in the lungs
The Cincinnati Prehospital Stroke Scale is a tool that assesses:
facial droop, arm drift, and abnormal speech
When inserting an airway, what direction should the bevel face?
Outward
Which of the following is NOT an example of adequate COVER?
A paper shield
Where is the appropriate landmark for performing abdominal thrusts on a conscious patient with a severe airway obstruction?
Approximately 1" to 2" (2.5 to 5 cm) below the patient's navel
What determines the proper oxygen flow rate?
Patient's condition and type of oxygen delivery device used
What should be coated with a petroleum-based lubricant prior to insertion?
The airway
Which component is NOT part of the circulatory system?
Muscles
At what level does oxygen pass from the blood cells into the cells of body tissues?
Capillaries
What percentage of a patient's total blood volume is plasma?
20%
What is responsible for blood clotting?
Platelets
What generates a pulse?
Heart contraction
What is the function of the right atrium?
Receive blood from the veins of the body
What is the primary reason for switching roles every 2 minutes during a rescue?
to minimize rescuer fatigue
If the AED advises 'no shock,' what should you do next?
perform CPR for 2 minutes and reassess
In which situation should the AED NOT be applied?
a patient with a strong pulse
Which of the following signs indicates that a patient is obviously deceased?
An absent pulse
If you find a cardiac arrest patient in a bed, what should you do?
Immediately place the patient on a firm, level surface
What is the primary purpose of identifying potential exit routes at an emergency scene?
to ensure the safest route to take
What is NOT a component of the patient assessment sequence?
family medical history
What is the correct chest compression rate for an adult?
At least 100 per minute
How is a child defined in a CPR context?
A person between 1 year and the onset of puberty
What is the basis of treatment rendered to a patient in assessment-based care?
scene size-up findings
When performing two-rescuer CPR on an infant or child, what is the correct sequence?
Deliver each rescue breath over 1 to 2 seconds
What is a key guideline for two-rescuer adult CPR?
Do not interrupt compressions for more than 15 to 20 seconds
What should be the primary focus of your treatment when a patient is actively seizing?
Protecting the patient from injury
What is the patient's typical state immediately following a seizure?
Anxious, confused, or hostile
What is atherosclerosis most accurately defined as?
Hardening of the arteries
What is NOT a type of Advanced Directive?
Living Trust
What is the primary cause of congestive heart failure (CHF)?
Failure of the heart to pump adequately
What is the purpose of the Cincinnati Prehospital Stroke Scale?
To assess facial droop, arm drift, and abnormal speech
When inserting an airway, what direction should the bevel face?
Outward
What is NOT an adequate form of COVER?
Bush
Where is the appropriate landmark for performing abdominal thrusts on a conscious patient with a severe airway obstruction?
Approximately 1" to 2" below the patient's navel
What determines the proper oxygen flow rate?
Patient's condition and type of oxygen delivery device used
What should you coat the airway with before insertion?
Petroleum-based lubricant
What is known as the grating of bone ends rubbing together?
Crepitus
What type of wound would be described as a large flap of skin being removed?
Avulsion
What is the liquid that surrounds the brain in the skull?
Cerebrospinal fluid
Which part of the vertebrae system bears the weight of the head?
Cervical
How many vertebrae are in the spine?
33
What is the term for the expansion of the chest and the diaphragm dropping?
Inhalation
During which step of the patient assessment would you evaluate a patient's ABCs?
Primary Assessment
What is the term for the consistent delivery of adequate oxygen to the cells?
Perfusion
What type of bleed is characterized by bright red, oxygenated blood spurting from the wound?
Arterial
What is the primary function of the diaphragm?
Drawing air into the lungs
What would you do first when approaching a patient who has been shot in the upper arm and is bleeding massively?
Put on gloves and eyewear
What would you do first when approaching a 14-year-old who has fallen from a 30-foot balcony and is unconscious with an open tibia-fibula fracture?
Open the airway
How many vertebrae are in the thoracic region?
12
What is the term for the bony structure that houses the eye?
orbit
What is the term for bruising behind the ears?
Battle sign
What occurs when muscles and tendons are overworked or stretched and extended beyond their normal range of motion?
strain
What is the first stage of hypothermia?
shivering
Which organ provides nourishment and oxygen to the fetus from the mother's blood?
placenta
What percentage of the time does an ectopic pregnancy occur when the fertilized egg implants in the fallopian tube?
95%
How far away from the infant should the first clamp be placed on the umbilical cord before it is cut?
6 inches
What does PAT stand for in the context of EMS assessment?
Pediatric Assessment Triangle
Which of the following is a sign of an upper airway constriction or blockage?
Stridor
When communicating with an elderly patient, what is the most effective way?
Using simple language
What is unique about the tracheas of infants and small children compared to adults?
They are larger in proportion to the body
What can a handshake help EMS identify when coming into contact with a patient?
Skin temperature, bilateral strength, interpersonal dynamics, and reaction time
What is the most common respiratory problem in the elderly?
COPD
A patient with diabetes may use a device to help regulate their blood glucose levels. What is this device called?
Insulin pump
What is the term for a surgical opening in the neck through which a breathing tube is placed?
Tracheostomy
What type of device provides positive pressure ventilations via a tracheostomy tube?
Ventilator
When should you evaluate a patient's ABC's?
During the Primary Assessment
Which type of bleeding is indicated by bright red, oxygenated blood spurting from the wound as the heart beats?
Arterial bleeding
Which part of the vertebrae system bears the weight of the head?
cervical
What is the term for the consistent delivery of adequate oxygen to the cells?
Perfusion
What is the first step in caring for a 14-year-old patient who is unconscious with an open tibia-fibula fracture that is bleeding moderately?
Open the airway
What is the liquid that surrounds the brain in the skull?
cerebrospinal fluid
What is the term for the grating of bone ends rubbing together?
crepitus
What is the muscle that draws air into and pushes air out of the lungs?
Diaphragm
What type of wound occurs when a large flap of skin is removed?
avulsion
What is the first step in caring for a 26-year-old patient who has been shot in the upper arm and is bleeding massively?
Put on gloves and eyewear
How many vertebrae are in the human spine?
33
How many vertebrae are in the thoracic region?
12
What type of burn is characterized by damage to the epidermis?
superficial burn
What is the bony structure that houses the eye?
orbit
What is the term for bruising behind the ears?
Battle sign
What occurs when muscles and tendons are overworked or stretched beyond their normal range of motion?
strain
What is the first stage of hypothermia?
shivering
What is the organ that contains the developing fetus?
uterus
What is the correct placement of the first clamp on the umbilical cord before it is cut?
3 inches
What is unique about the proportion of certain body parts in infants and small children compared to adults?
Larger tongues
What does PAT stand for in the context of pediatric assessment?
Pediatric Assessment Triangle
Which of the following is NOT assessed during the PAT?
Circulation of Skin
What is usually noticed audibly by a high-pitched sound in a patient?
Stridor
What is the most effective way to communicate with an elderly patient?
Get down to their eye level
When coming into contact with a patient, a handshake can help EMS identify:
interpersonal dynamics and reaction time
Which respiratory problem is the most common in the elderly?
COPD
A patient with diabetes may have a(n) _________ to help regulate blood glucose levels.
insulin pump
Your patient suffered a spinal cord injury and now has a surgical opening in his neck through which a breathing tube was placed. You know this to be a:
tracheostomy
A mechanical device that provides positive pressure ventilations via a tracheostomy tube is a(n):
ventilator
When would you evaluate a patient's ABC's?
During Primary Assessment
What type of bleed is characterized by bright red, oxygenated blood spurting from the wound?
Arterial
What is the term for the consistent delivery of adequate oxygen to the cells?
Perfusion
What is the first action to take when approaching a patient who has been shot in the upper arm and is bleeding massively?
Put on gloves and eyewear
What is the first action to take when approaching an unconscious patient who has fallen from a 30-foot balcony?
Open the airway
What is the function of the diaphragm?
Drawing air into the lungs
What is the number of vertebrae in the thoracic region?
12
What is the term for the bony structure that houses the eye?
orbit
What is Battle sign?
bruising behind the ears
What occurs when muscles and tendons are overworked or stretched beyond their normal range of motion?
strain
What is the first stage of hypothermia?
shivering
Which organ contains the developing fetus?
uterus
What is the term for the grating of bone ends rubbing together?
crepitus
What type of wound would a large flap of skin being removed from the leg be described as?
avulsion
What is the percentage of the body that 2nd degree burns on both the posterior and anterior trunk would cover?
36
What is the liquid that surrounds the brain in the skull?
cerebrospinal fluid
Which part of the vertebrae system bears the weight of the head?
cervical
How many vertebrae are in the human spine?
33
What is the maximum volume of an ectopic pregnancy implantation site?
up to 500 ml
How far away from the infant should the first clamp be placed on the umbilical cord before it is cut?
3 inches
What is a characteristic of infants and small children compared to adults?
larger tongues
What should you avoid when dealing with children younger than 10?
using medical terminology
What does the PAT stand for?
Pediatric Assessment Triangle
What is a sign of an upper airway constriction or blockage?
Stridor
What can a handshake help EMS identify when coming into contact with a patient?
Skin temperature, bilateral strength, and interpersonal dynamics
Which respiratory problem is the most common in the elderly?
COPD
A patient with diabetes may have a device to help regulate blood glucose levels, which is called a(n) _______.
Insulin pump
A patient with a surgical opening in the neck through which a breathing tube was placed has a(n) _______.
Tracheostomy
A mechanical device that provides positive pressure ventilations via a tracheostomy tube is a(n) _______.
Ventilator
This quiz assesses knowledge of the hierarchy of training levels for EMS professionals, from least to most, and the minimum training required to staff an ambulance. It also covers basic EMS concepts like taking cover.
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