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Empyema: Definition, Introduction, and Etiology

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Empyema: Definition, Introduction, and Etiology

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Questions and Answers

Which of the following best describes empyema?

Accumulation of sterile fluid in the pleural cavity

Accumulation of blood in the pleural cavity

Accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid in the pleural cavity

Accumulation of pus in the pleural cavity (correct)

What is the primary etiology of empyema according to the text?

Hematogenous spread from a distant infection site

Infection originating from the lungs (correct)

Primary infection of the pleural space

Direct access into the pleural cavity following minor thoracic trauma

Which of the following is NOT a common route of infection for empyema?

Direct access into the pleural cavity following minor thoracic trauma

Local spread from deep cervical infections

Hematogenous spread from a distant infection site (correct)

Direct penetration through the chest wall

What is the significance of LDH levels in diagnosing empyema?

Pleural fluid LDH > 2⁄3 the upper limit of normal serum LDH suggests empyema Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a possible cause of empyema according to the text?

Liver abscess Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of deep cervical infections in the development of empyema?

They contribute to local spread resulting in empyema Signup and view all the answers

Which procedure might lead to direct access into the pleural cavity and potentially cause empyema?

Chest tube insertion Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes a transudative effusion from an exudative effusion?

< 45 mg/dL effusion cholesterol for transudative, > 200 U/L effusion cholesterol for exudative Signup and view all the answers

'Very high LDH levels, e.g., > 1000 U/L, suggest' what according to the text?

'Empyema' Signup and view all the answers