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Questions and Answers
What is the primary purpose of the ESI Act of 1948?
What is the primary purpose of the ESI Act of 1948?
Which of the following establishments is NOT covered by the ESI Act?
Which of the following establishments is NOT covered by the ESI Act?
As of 2016, what was the maximum monthly salary for employees to be covered under the ESI Act?
As of 2016, what was the maximum monthly salary for employees to be covered under the ESI Act?
Who administers the ESI Scheme as per the Act?
Who administers the ESI Scheme as per the Act?
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Which of the following roles is NOT part of the ESI Corporation's executive body?
Which of the following roles is NOT part of the ESI Corporation's executive body?
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Which of the following groups is represented in the ESI Corporation?
Which of the following groups is represented in the ESI Corporation?
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Which committee within the ESI Corporation is responsible for the executive administration of the Scheme?
Which committee within the ESI Corporation is responsible for the executive administration of the Scheme?
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What is the composition of the ESI Corporation?
What is the composition of the ESI Corporation?
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Which of the following benefits does the Act provide to insured persons or their dependents?
Which of the following benefits does the Act provide to insured persons or their dependents?
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What percentage of the total wage bill is contributed by employers for the benefit fund?
What percentage of the total wage bill is contributed by employers for the benefit fund?
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In what circumstance are employees exempt from making contributions?
In what circumstance are employees exempt from making contributions?
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What type of medical care is provided for complicated cases requiring specialized treatment?
What type of medical care is provided for complicated cases requiring specialized treatment?
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Which medical facility is not included as a benefit for insured persons?
Which medical facility is not included as a benefit for insured persons?
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What is the state's share of the total cost of medical care?
What is the state's share of the total cost of medical care?
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What is one of the services provided under direct medical care in areas with a concentration of employees?
What is one of the services provided under direct medical care in areas with a concentration of employees?
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Which of the following is a characteristic of the indirect medical care option?
Which of the following is a characteristic of the indirect medical care option?
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What is the confinement duration benefit for insured women during childbirth?
What is the confinement duration benefit for insured women during childbirth?
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What percentage of wages is paid as temporary disablement benefit?
What percentage of wages is paid as temporary disablement benefit?
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For how many days is enhanced sickness benefit payable to insured women for tubectomy?
For how many days is enhanced sickness benefit payable to insured women for tubectomy?
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What is the maximum cash benefit payable for funeral expenses under the scheme?
What is the maximum cash benefit payable for funeral expenses under the scheme?
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Which of the following is not a benefit provided to employers under the ESI scheme?
Which of the following is not a benefit provided to employers under the ESI scheme?
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What is the maximum period an eligible son or daughter can receive dependent's benefit?
What is the maximum period an eligible son or daughter can receive dependent's benefit?
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Which condition is NOT mentioned as a sub-group for clarification?
Which condition is NOT mentioned as a sub-group for clarification?
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What is the benefit period for general sickness payment?
What is the benefit period for general sickness payment?
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What is the unemployment allowance percentage of the wage provided to insured persons under the Rajiv Gandhi Shramik Kalyan Yojna?
What is the unemployment allowance percentage of the wage provided to insured persons under the Rajiv Gandhi Shramik Kalyan Yojna?
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Which event allows an insured person to claim the unemployment allowance under the Rajiv Gandhi Shramik Kalyan Yojna?
Which event allows an insured person to claim the unemployment allowance under the Rajiv Gandhi Shramik Kalyan Yojna?
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What is the cash benefit payable for undergoing sterilisation operation?
What is the cash benefit payable for undergoing sterilisation operation?
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How much did the expenditure on medical benefits reach by 2022?
How much did the expenditure on medical benefits reach by 2022?
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Dependent benefits are payable at what rate upon the death of an insured individual?
Dependent benefits are payable at what rate upon the death of an insured individual?
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What is required for an insured person to qualify for sickness benefits?
What is required for an insured person to qualify for sickness benefits?
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How many employees were covered under the ESI scheme as of March 31, 2021?
How many employees were covered under the ESI scheme as of March 31, 2021?
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Which of the following diseases is NOT included for extended sickness benefit?
Which of the following diseases is NOT included for extended sickness benefit?
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Which disease is associated with chronic renal failure?
Which disease is associated with chronic renal failure?
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What percentage of daily wages is the daily sickness benefit based on?
What percentage of daily wages is the daily sickness benefit based on?
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Which category does Chronic Obstructive Lung Diseases (COPD) fall under?
Which category does Chronic Obstructive Lung Diseases (COPD) fall under?
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Which of the following is classified as an Orthopaedic Disease in the context provided?
Which of the following is classified as an Orthopaedic Disease in the context provided?
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Study Notes
Employees State Insurance Act 1948
- The ESI Act of 1948, amended through the years (1975, 1984, 1989, 2010, 2019, and 2022), is a crucial social security and health insurance measure in India.
- It provides cash and medical benefits for industrial employees facing sickness, maternity, or work-related injuries.
- The Act's scope covers the entire nation.
- Initially, the Act covered power-using factories employing 10 or more people, excluding mines, railways, and defense establishments.
- Later amendments broadened coverage to include smaller factories, shops, hotels, restaurants, cinemas, theaters, road transport establishments, newspapers, and private medical/educational institutions employing 20 or more people in some states.
- Effective May 1, 2010, the Act now covers all employees, including manual, clerical, supervisory, and technical staff earning up to 15,000 rupees per month (revised to 21,000 rupees/month as of September 6, 2016).
- The ESI Act can be extended to other agricultural or commercial enterprises.
ESI Act Administration
- The ESI scheme's governance is administered by an autonomous body called the ESI Corporation.
- The Union Minister of Labour is the chairman, with the Secretary to the Government of India's Ministry of Labour as vice-chairman.
- The corporation includes members representing: central and state governments, employers, employee organizations, medical professionals, and parliament.
- A Standing Committee, a part of the Corporation, oversees the scheme's implementation.
- The chief executive of the Corporation is the Director General, supported by four Principal Officers: insurance, medical, finance, and actuary commissioners.
- The Medical Benefit Council, headed by the Director General of Health Services, coordinates medical assistance. The council gets support from the Medical Commissioner.
- The corporation has 24 regional offices, 39 sub-regional offices, one divisional office, 2 camp offices, and 592 branch offices.
ESI Act Finance
- The ESI scheme operates through employee and employer contributions, along with government grants.
- Employers contribute 3.25% of the total wage bill.
- Employees contribute 0.75% of their wages.
- Employees earning less than 176 rupees daily are exempt from employee contributions.
- The state government contributes 1/8th of the total medical care cost.
- The ESI corporation's share is 7/8th of the total medical care cost.
Benefits to Employees
- The act covers benefits to insured workers and their dependents.
- These benefits encompass various aspects, including: medical, sickness, maternity, disability, dependent, funeral, and rehabilitation.
I. Medical Benefit
- This benefit provides comprehensive medical care for insured individuals in case of sickness, injuries, and pregnancy-related needs.
- Services include: outpatient care, drug and dressing provisions, radiological investigations, antenatal, natal, and postnatal care, family planning services, ambulance services, in-patient treatment, and institutional treatment and services.
- Insured individuals with complex needs may receive treatment outside their state at ESI's expense.
- Medical care can be received directly from ESI hospitals or dispensaries, or through registered medical practitioners via the insurance panel or through established dispensaries.
2. Sickness Benefit
- This involves periodic cash payments for sickness.
- Eligibility is determined by a medical officer's assessment.
- The duration for sickness benefits is 91 days, with about 70% of the average daily wages payable during a 365-day period. Contributory requirement: 78 days in a 6-month period qualify for pay. Long-term illness benefits may be extended for up to two years.
- Additionally, the Act provides extended sickness benefits for specific diseases, including various infectious diseases, neoplasms/malignant diseases, endocrine/metabolic disorders, and nervous system disorders.
3. Maternity Benefit
- Insured women can get cash benefits during confinement; miscarriage, sickness during pregnancy, childbirth, or miscarriage.
- The confinement period is for 26 weeks, with a 6-week extension for miscarriages and additional, related sickness of 30 days.
- All benefits are paid at the employee's usual wage rate.
- Confinement expenses have increased to Rs 5000 to Rs 7500 per confinement.
4. Disablement Benefit
- Temporary or permanent disablement due to injury or illness, including occupational disease, triggers cash payments.
- Temporary disablement benefit is 90% of the wage, continuing until recovery.
- Permanent disablement is covered by a lifetime pension calculated based on earning capacity assessments by a medical board.
5. Dependent's Benefit
- In case of death or employment injury, the dependents of insured individuals are eligible for regular payments.
- Payments are split among dependents according to a fixed ratio.
- An eligible son or daughter can receive benefits until the age of 18 (or if the daughter marries earlier).
6. Funeral Expenses
- Funeral expenses are covered up to a maximum of Rs 15,000 in cash.
7. Rehabilitation
- Monthly payments of Rs. 10 are offered to insured persons and their families for continued medical treatment after permanent disablement or retirement.
- The ESI scheme is operational throughout 35 states and union territories.
Benefits to Employers
- Employers receive various benefits, including exemption from workmen's compensation law, maternity benefit, medical allowance, rebates on income tax for contributions, and a healthier workforce.
Rajiv Gandhi Shramik Kalyan Yojana
- The Rajiv Gandhi Shramik Kalyan Yojana was launched on April 1, 2005, and is a part of the ESI.
- It offers unemployment allowances to employees rendered jobless due to retrenchment.
- Employees meet eligibility requirements (e.g., two years of contribution). Unemployment allowances are equal to 50% of a worker's wage and maximum payout is up to two years per person.
- Medical care is also available during unemployment from the same ESI scheme clinics and hospitals.
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Description
Explore the Employees State Insurance Act of 1948, a pivotal legislation in India that ensures social security and health insurance for employees. This quiz covers the Act's key provisions, amendments, and the scope of its application across various sectors. Test your knowledge about the evolution and impact of this important social security measure.
