Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is one of the main purposes of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act?
What is one of the main purposes of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act?
- Eliminate private medical plans
- Increase the income tax on health insurance providers
- Reduce coverage options for employers
- Expand access to coverage to uninsured Americans (correct)
Which type of dental plan is characterized by requiring the use of participating providers?
Which type of dental plan is characterized by requiring the use of participating providers?
- Discount plans
- Dental maintenance organization (DMO) plans (correct)
- Indemnity plans
- Out-of-network plans
What is a benefit of managed care medical plans?
What is a benefit of managed care medical plans?
- Higher overall healthcare costs
- Less oversight of healthcare services
- Increased out-of-pocket expenses for patients
- Improved management through service providers (correct)
Which statement describes a common health care benefit related to mental health treatment?
Which statement describes a common health care benefit related to mental health treatment?
What is one of the main objectives of the regulations on employee benefits plans?
What is one of the main objectives of the regulations on employee benefits plans?
What is NOT typically included in income protection programs offered by companies?
What is NOT typically included in income protection programs offered by companies?
What type of health plan typically features a high deductible?
What type of health plan typically features a high deductible?
How do private medical plans address the rising cost of healthcare?
How do private medical plans address the rising cost of healthcare?
Which of the following is NOT typically included in employee welfare benefits?
Which of the following is NOT typically included in employee welfare benefits?
Which of the following accurately represents a characteristic of indemnity plans?
Which of the following accurately represents a characteristic of indemnity plans?
What is a characteristic of death benefits in most countries?
What is a characteristic of death benefits in most countries?
What does a private health-care exchange offer?
What does a private health-care exchange offer?
Which insurance type is referred to as long-term disability in other countries?
Which insurance type is referred to as long-term disability in other countries?
What factor influences health benefits alongside other types of employee benefits?
What factor influences health benefits alongside other types of employee benefits?
In Italy, the typical death benefit payout is how many times an employee's pay?
In Italy, the typical death benefit payout is how many times an employee's pay?
Which health plan type is often considered less flexible for employers?
Which health plan type is often considered less flexible for employers?
What is a defining characteristic of defined contribution (DC) plans?
What is a defining characteristic of defined contribution (DC) plans?
Which type of plan is considered the most prevalent DC plan in the U.S.?
Which type of plan is considered the most prevalent DC plan in the U.S.?
Which of the following is NOT a component of pay for time not worked programs?
Which of the following is NOT a component of pay for time not worked programs?
What is a hybrid plan that combines features of defined benefit and defined contribution plans?
What is a hybrid plan that combines features of defined benefit and defined contribution plans?
In many countries, which term is often synonymous with 'vacation'?
In many countries, which term is often synonymous with 'vacation'?
Which program consolidates separate time-off programs into one policy?
Which program consolidates separate time-off programs into one policy?
What is a common characteristic of severance allowances?
What is a common characteristic of severance allowances?
Which of the following time-off programs is typically guided by company policy or union contracts?
Which of the following time-off programs is typically guided by company policy or union contracts?
What is the primary aim of employee benefits in the total rewards model?
What is the primary aim of employee benefits in the total rewards model?
Which of the following is considered a mandatory income protection program in many countries?
Which of the following is considered a mandatory income protection program in many countries?
What distinguishes voluntary benefits from mandatory benefits?
What distinguishes voluntary benefits from mandatory benefits?
Which of the following factors does NOT influence the growth and change of employee benefits?
Which of the following factors does NOT influence the growth and change of employee benefits?
In which situation would pay for time not worked programs apply?
In which situation would pay for time not worked programs apply?
Which benefit is categorized under wellness programs?
Which benefit is categorized under wellness programs?
Which of the following best describes income protection programs?
Which of the following best describes income protection programs?
What role do unions play in employee benefits?
What role do unions play in employee benefits?
How does taxation benefit levels in employee benefits?
How does taxation benefit levels in employee benefits?
What impact does corporate philosophy have on employee benefits?
What impact does corporate philosophy have on employee benefits?
What strategy have organizations employed to control rising employee benefits costs?
What strategy have organizations employed to control rising employee benefits costs?
Which demographic change is currently influencing employee benefits structures?
Which demographic change is currently influencing employee benefits structures?
What effect has increased competition had on employee expectations?
What effect has increased competition had on employee expectations?
Which piece of legislation is known for significantly affecting U.S. employee benefits plans?
Which piece of legislation is known for significantly affecting U.S. employee benefits plans?
Which of the following economic changes is influencing international benefits structures?
Which of the following economic changes is influencing international benefits structures?
What is one consequence of an aging population on employee benefits?
What is one consequence of an aging population on employee benefits?
What percentage range of pay may be provided for compensation in some countries?
What percentage range of pay may be provided for compensation in some countries?
Which of the following retirement plans offers benefits based on a formula related to pay and service?
Which of the following retirement plans offers benefits based on a formula related to pay and service?
Which retirement program is likely affected by the introduction of company-sponsored plans?
Which retirement program is likely affected by the introduction of company-sponsored plans?
What factor should be considered in the design of retirement benefits plans?
What factor should be considered in the design of retirement benefits plans?
What might happen when companies terminate their defined benefit plans?
What might happen when companies terminate their defined benefit plans?
Which defined benefit structure is common in Europe and the Americas?
Which defined benefit structure is common in Europe and the Americas?
What is a typical limitation of local workers' compensation payments?
What is a typical limitation of local workers' compensation payments?
Flashcards
Employee Benefits
Employee Benefits
Programs provided by an employer to enhance employee well-being and financial security. They cover aspects like health, income protection, retirement, and time off.
Total Rewards Model
Total Rewards Model
A broad approach to employee compensation that encompasses more than just base salary, including benefits, recognition, development, and work environment.
Pay for Time Not Worked
Pay for Time Not Worked
A type of benefit that ensures income continuity for employees during periods of non-work, like holidays or sick leave.
Voluntary Benefits
Voluntary Benefits
Benefits offered to employees in which the employer has a choice to provide them. These may include wellness programs or life insurance.
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Mandatory Benefits
Mandatory Benefits
Benefits mandated by law to protect employees in situations like unemployment, medical emergencies, or retirement.
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Income Protection Programs
Income Protection Programs
Benefits designed to safeguard an employee's income and financial security in case of emergencies or unexpected events.
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Factors Influencing Benefits
Factors Influencing Benefits
Factors like competition in the job market or government regulations that influence changes and advancements in employee benefits.
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Competitive Practices in Benefits
Competitive Practices in Benefits
Practices employed by organizations to make their benefits packages attractive and competitive, potentially leading to adjustments based on geographical location or industry standards.
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Benefits Structure
Benefits Structure
The process of determining how benefits are provided, including who pays what, how much, and how it's delivered, considering factors like taxation, company culture, and employee value.
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ERISA (Employee Retirement Income Security Act)
ERISA (Employee Retirement Income Security Act)
A legal framework in the U.S. regulating employee benefits plans, including pensions and health insurance.
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Benefits Taxation
Benefits Taxation
The impact of government policies on benefits, such as mandating offering certain benefits or setting limits on how much companies can charge employees.
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Cost Sharing
Cost Sharing
A situation where employees share the cost of their benefits, often contributing a percentage towards premiums or co-pays.
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Perceived Value
Perceived Value
The perception employees have regarding the value and usefulness of offered benefits.
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Demographic Changes
Demographic Changes
Changes in the composition of the workforce, such as an aging population, more women entering the workforce, or a mix of generations working together.
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Corporate Philosophy/Business Objectives
Corporate Philosophy/Business Objectives
A strategic approach where organizations align employee benefits with their overall business goals and company culture.
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Costs
Costs
The rising cost of providing benefits is a major concern for companies, impacting decisions about cost sharing and benefit designs.
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ERISA - Employee Retirement Income Security Act
ERISA - Employee Retirement Income Security Act
A law that aims to protect employees involved in employee benefits plans, provide guidelines for tax implications of benefits transactions, establish minimum standards for pension plans, and offer a single contract option for employers with multiple locations working with the same insurance carrier.
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PPACA - Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act
PPACA - Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act
A comprehensive health care reform law that aims to improve access to health insurance, reform the health care delivery system, and reduce overall health care costs.
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Managed Care
Managed Care
A type of medical plan that involves active management and control by the provider or organization to ensure cost-effectiveness and quality care. It's a common approach due to the rising cost of medical benefits.
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Indemnity Dental Plan
Indemnity Dental Plan
A dental plan that offers coverage for preventive, basic, and major dental care with a 'fee-for-service' approach.
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Dental Maintenance Organization (DMO)
Dental Maintenance Organization (DMO)
A dental plan that requires using a network of participating providers and often provides a more comprehensive approach to dental care.
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Insured Vision Plan
Insured Vision Plan
A vision plan that offers coverage for routine eye exams, lenses, and frames at regular intervals based on the insurance policy.
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Vision Discount Plan
Vision Discount Plan
A vision plan that provides discounts on eye care services and products obtained through a network of participating providers.
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Behavioral Health Plan
Behavioral Health Plan
A plan that covers costs related to mental health and addiction treatment, often offered separately from traditional health plans.
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Workers' Compensation
Workers' Compensation
Benefits provided to employees for work-related disability, often through a government program but can be employer-provided.
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Retirement Benefits
Retirement Benefits
Programs designed to provide financial security to employees upon retirement, death, or disability. They can be government-run (social security) or employer-sponsored.
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Defined Benefit (DB) Plan
Defined Benefit (DB) Plan
A type of retirement plan where the employer guarantees a specific amount of money to the employee upon retirement, calculated based on years of service and salary.
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Defined Contribution (DC) Plan
Defined Contribution (DC) Plan
A type of retirement plan where the employee contributes to an individual account, and their retirement income is based on the performance of their chosen investments.
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Hybrid Retirement Plan
Hybrid Retirement Plan
A hybrid type of retirement plan that combines elements of both defined benefit and defined contribution plans, offering features of both.
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Company-sponsored retirement plans
Company-sponsored retirement plans
Programs offered by employers to supplement government-provided retirement benefits, often offering additional retirement income or investment options.
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Government Program Reduction
Government Program Reduction
The potential for government-provided retirement benefits to be reduced if an individual receives benefits from employer-sponsored retirement plans.
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Hybrid Plan
Hybrid Plan
A plan that combines elements of both defined benefit and defined contribution plans, offering a hybrid approach to retirement savings.
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Cash Balance Plan
Cash Balance Plan
A type of hybrid plan where employer contributions are credited to employees' accounts, earning interest and growing over time.
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Paid Time Off (PTO) Bank
Paid Time Off (PTO) Bank
A type of leave that combines vacation, sick leave, and personal days into a single block of paid time off.
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Severance Allowance
Severance Allowance
A salary continuation benefit paid to an employee after termination, helping maintain financial security during job transitions.
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Work-related Activities
Work-related Activities
Training time, rest periods, wash-up time, clothes-changing time, and travel time are considered work-related activities under US law.
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Types of Time Off Programs
Types of Time Off Programs
Vacation, holidays, sick leave, personal leave, jury duty, bereavement, company shutdown, sabbatical, military leave, family/medical leave, and religious observations are examples of time off programs.
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HMO (Health Maintenance Organization)
HMO (Health Maintenance Organization)
A type of health plan that provides health services through a network of contracted doctors and hospitals. Members must typically choose a primary care physician (PCP), who acts as a gatekeeper for referrals to specialists.
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PPO (Preferred Provider Organization)
PPO (Preferred Provider Organization)
A type of health plan that gives you more freedom to choose doctors and hospitals, but you usually pay less if you stay within the network. You may also need a referral from your PCP for specialist visits, but it's often less strict than an HMO.
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HDHP (High Deductible Health Plan)
HDHP (High Deductible Health Plan)
A type of health plan that features high deductibles, meaning you pay more out-of-pocket before insurance kicks in. These plans often have lower monthly premiums and can be paired with a Health Savings Account (HSA).
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HSA (Health Savings Account)
HSA (Health Savings Account)
A type of health plan that provides a flexible way to pay for healthcare expenses. You contribute pre-tax dollars to the account and use them to pay for eligible medical expenses. This can be a part of a High Deductible Health Plan (HDHP).
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Disability Insurance
Disability Insurance
A type of benefit that covers a portion of your income if you experience a disability that prevents you from working.
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Death Benefits
Death Benefits
A type of benefit that provides a payment to your beneficiaries in the event of your death.
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Defined Contribution Model for Benefits
Defined Contribution Model for Benefits
A type of benefit model where the employer pays a fixed amount for healthcare benefits, while the employee is responsible for any additional costs over the predefined amount.
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Private Health-Care Exchange
Private Health-Care Exchange
A marketplace where employers can purchase a variety of health insurance plans and other benefits from different providers.
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Employee Benefits
- Benefits are a core element of total rewards, balancing personal and professional life.
- Benefits encompass health and welfare, income protection, financial security, retirement, and time off.
- Benefit programs are categorized into income protection and voluntary/discretionary benefits.
- Mandatory benefits include, in some countries, unemployment coverage, medical care, and retirement.
- Voluntary/discretionary benefits can include wellness, mental health, and life insurance.
Factors Influencing Benefits
- Competitive practices influence the level of benefits, which may vary geographically or between competitors.
- Employee demands and unions contribute to benefit negotiations.
- Regulatory and legal environments impact benefit programs, with governments often playing a central role.
- Tax implications affect both employer and employee contributions and benefit levels.
Total Rewards Model
- Costs associated with employee benefits are substantial and often require cost-sharing and eligibility management.
- Perceived value of benefits can influence employer decisions.
Benefits: Economic and Demographic Influences
- Multinational free trade areas influence benefit structures, affecting countries like the European Union, NAFTA, Mercosur and ASEAN.
- Globalization, skilled workforce additions, aging populations, multi-generational workforces, and increasing female participation affect benefits.
- Increased competition leads to shorter career expectations and a focus on immediate compensation.
Major US Benefits Laws
- ERISA (Employee Retirement Income Security Act) affects employee benefit plans, including their protection, tax effects of transactions, and standards for employers with numerous locations.
- PPACA (Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act) expands health care coverage and seeks to lower health care costs for Americans.
Income Protection Programs
- Income protection programs are often legally mandated in some countries, and companies may also provide them for other organizational goals.
- Programs can include health care, welfare, and retirement benefits.
Common Health Care Benefits
- Indemnity plans cover preventive and basic care.
- Dental maintenance organization (DMO) plans involve use of participating providers.
- Vision, prescription drug and behavioral health plans cover vision, prescription drugs and mental health respectively.
Medical Plan Types
- Traditional indemnity plans are less common today.
- Preferred provider organizations (PPOs), health maintenance organizations (HMOs), High-deductible health plans (HDHPs), and consumer-driven health plans (CDHPs) provide varying levels of coverage.
- Health Savings Accounts (HSAs) are linked with high-deductible health plans.
Death Benefits
- Company-provided death benefits are prevalent globally and vary in form and amount.
- Benefits may be tied to insurance policies, social programs, fixed amounts, or relative to annual salaries (e.g., one to two times annual salary).
Disability Insurance
- Disability insurance (long-term disability, invalidity, or permanent ill health) covers injuries or illnesses not related to work.
- The provision and calculation of benefits varies across countries.
Retirement Benefits
- Sources may be statutory social security programs, company-provided plans, or a combination.
- Mandatory requirements and different benefit structures by country need to be considered by employers and employees.
- Government programs and eligibility for social security must be considered in pension plans.
Competitive Practices and Defined Benefits
- Competitive practices, union directives, cost, and business needs significantly impact benefit design
- Defined benefit (DB) and defined contribution (DC) plans are popular globally.
- DB plans offer fixed benefits based on factors like pay and service years, while DC plans allow for employer and employee contributions to participant accounts, with significant risk to the employee.
Pay for Time Not Worked
- Non-work time paid for can include training, rest periods, wash-up time, and vacation/holidays.
Additional Benefits
- Additional benefits can include clothes changing time, travel time, coffee breaks and birthday celebrations.
- Policy and union contracts are often factors in these programs.
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