Empires of Asia

• Delhi: A historically significant city, serving as a major political and cultural center in India.
• Rajahs: Indian kings or princes.
• Sikhism: A monotheistic religion founded in the Punjab region of India during the 15th century.
• Akbar: A significant ruler of the Mughal Dynasty, known for his policies of religious tolerance and administrative reforms.
• Mughal Dynasty: A powerful empire that ruled the Indian subcontinent for several centuries, leaving a lasting legacy in art, architecture, and culture.
• Tang Dynasty: A golden age in Chinese history, marked by territorial expansion, cultural achievements, and advancements in technology.
• Tributary states: States that acknowledge the supremacy of a more powerful nation and pay tribute to it.
• Gentry: A privileged social class in China, consisting of landowners and scholars.
• Steppes: Grasslands in Asia.
• Genghis Khan: The founder and Great Khan of the Mongol Empire, known for his military conquests and leadership.
• Abacus: An ancient counting tool.
• Silla Dynasty: One of the Three Kingdoms of Korea, known for unifying the Korean Peninsula.
• Koryo Dynasty: A Korean dynasty that succeeded the Silla Dynasty and made significant contributions to Korean culture and arts.
• Choson Dynasty: The last and longest-ruling Korean dynasty, which promoted Confucianism and left a lasting impact on Korean society.
• Literacy rate: The percentage of people who can read and write.
• Hangul: The Korean alphabet, created during the Choson Dynasty to promote literacy.
• Tsunami: A large ocean wave caused by seismic activity, such as an earthquake.
• Shinto: The indigenous religion of Japan, emphasizing the worship of nature and ancestors.
• Selective borrowing: The practice of adopting certain elements from another culture while maintaining one's own distinct identity.
• Bushido: The code of conduct for samurai warriors in Japan, emphasizing honor, loyalty, and martial skills.
• Zen: A school of Mahayana Buddhism that emphasizes meditation and mindfulness.
• Stupas: Dome-shaped Buddhist monuments.
• Paddies: Fields where rice is grown.
• Genghis Khan: Consolidated Mongol tribes into a unified force.

Silla, Koryo, and Choson Dynasties

• Silla Dynasty: Achieved the Unification of the Korean Peninsula and fostered the development of Korean culture.
• Koryo Dynasty: Known for its advancements in ceramics, printing technology, and the adoption of Buddhism as the state religion.
• Choson Dynasty: Characterized by its emphasis on Confucianism, social hierarchy, and advancements in science and technology.

Chinese Influence in China and Korea

• China: Profoundly influenced Korean culture, politics, and institutions through the adoption of Confucianism, the Chinese writing system, and governmental structures.
• Korea: Adapted and localized Chinese concepts to suit its own unique circumstances.

Akbar the Great

• Implemented policies of religious tolerance, such as abolishing the Jizya tax on non-Muslims.
• Promoted cultural synthesis through the patronage of art, literature, and architecture, blending Persian, Indian, and Islamic styles.
• Introduced administrative reforms, including land revenue systems and a centralized bureaucracy, to improve governance and efficiency.

Effects of Mongol Rule

• Facilitated trade and cultural exchange across Eurasia through the establishment of the Pax Mongolica, or Mongol Peace.
• Caused widespread destruction and loss of life through military conquests and invasions.
• Led to political fragmentation and the rise of new powers in various regions, as Mongol empires declined and collapsed.