Emerging Tech Chapter 1

Study Notes

Focus on the evolution and significance of technologies in the Fourth Industrial Revolution.
Understand the variety of hardware and software technologies that impact socio-economic domains.
Importance of technological platforms and Application Programming Interface (API) standards.

Emerging technology (ET) refers to new technologies or the ongoing development of existing ones.
Generally reserved for technologies that will create significant social or economic impacts.
Anticipated developments within five to ten years.

The Industrial Revolution transitioned societies from manual production to mechanized manufacturing, beginning in the late 1700s.
Took place primarily in England, transforming labor efficiency and urbanization.
The American Industrial Revolution marked significant innovations in manufacturing from 1820 to 1870.

IR 1.0: Introduced steam power, mechanization, and the factory system after the late 1700s.
IR 2.0: Technological Revolution recognized for innovations in electrical power, resulting in mass production and extensive transportation networks in the late 1800s.
IR 3.0: Digital Revolution marked by the shift to digital electronics and the introduction of computers and the Internet in the late 1950s.
IR 4.0: Current stage characterized by smart systems and autonomous machines, focusing on robotics, IoT, and AI.

Key technologies: Artificial Intelligence, Blockchain, Augmented Reality, Cloud Computing, IoT, Big Data, and Robotic Process Automation (RPA).

Data is considered the new oil and a strategic asset, driving innovation and economic opportunities.
Importance of data science and analytics across various disciplines, including computing, health, and social sciences.

Four basic types of programmable devices: Memory, Microprocessors, Logic Devices, and Networks.
Networks facilitate data sharing between computers and devices, exemplified by the Internet.
Prominent programmable devices include FPGAs and PLCs from various manufacturers.

HMI involves user communication with machines via user interfaces, emphasizing natural user interactions.
Human-Computer Interaction (HCI) studies the synergy between humans and computers to enhance usability and satisfaction.
Disciplines contributing to HCI include cognitive psychology, computer science, linguistics, engineering, and artificial intelligence.

Trends in 2019 included advancements in 5G, autonomous devices, immersive experiences, and augmented analytics.
Projections for 2024 focus on AI-generated content, quantum computing, smart city IoT, and biotechnology in agriculture.
Technologies such as chatbots, VR/AR, and blockchain are increasingly shaping everyday life and business.