CHAPTER 3 - CCOM

Removing an unconscious person from a seat in a safe way, without risking controls or switches.

A take-off cancelled for various safety reasons (technical fault, obstacles, etc.).

The mandatory announcement after an aborted take-off for passenger safety.

Second-crew crew announcement about the aborted take-off.

The quick disembarkation of passengers in non-critical situations, as a precaution.

Landing at a scheduled/alternate airport for safety reasons, not expecting an emergency.

Cabin crew's preparations before a precautionary landing, aligning with CCOM Chapter 1.14.2.

An in-flight fire, even small, is extremely dangerous due to the confined space and rapid escalation to uncontrollable levels, releasing toxic smoke and gases within 30 seconds.

The three elements required for combustion: fuel, oxygen, and heat.

Removing the fuel source from a fire, thereby preventing further combustion.

Reducing or eliminating the oxygen supply to a fire, preventing it from continuing.

Lowering the temperature of a fire to reduce the heat needed for combustion.

Different types of fires (A, B, C, D) that require specific extinguishing methods to be appropriately handled.

The reference manual for cabin crew handling emergency situations.

Immediately notify the Captain/flight crew of any in-flight fire.

A checklist of actions to take during a cabin fire on an aircraft; it details roles of different crew members for tasks such as fire localization, extinguisher use, passenger evacuation, and fire monitoring.

Identify the exact location of the fire.

A flight crew member who is a backup to another crew member, ready to assist with issues if the initial crew member is unable to perform their tasks.

Use the appropriate fire extinguishers to combat the cabin fire as soon as possible.

Protective Breathing Equipment/Hood—worn in a smoke or fire emergency. This will provide protection including oxygen, visibility, and physical protection.

Maintain communication between Flight deck crew and Cabin crew to assist each other effectively.

Remove oxygen bottles positioned near the fire to reduce the risk of additional damage and ignition.

Immediately disconnect electrical systems in areas close to the fire to secure the aircraft and avoid electrocution.

Evacuate and manage the safety of passengers located near the fire.

Quickly remove any hand luggage that might be located near the fire to reduce fire risk and ensure passenger well-being.

Shut down vents and air circulation in the area of the fire.

Keep a watchful eye on the area for signs of the fire returning.

A dangerous reduction in cabin air pressure.

Fuel, oxygen, and heat are needed for a fire to start and continue.

Fires involving ordinary combustible materials like wood and paper.

Fires involving flammable liquids or gases, like oil or gasoline.

Fires involving energized electrical equipment.

Fires involving combustible metals, like magnesium or titanium.

Cooling, starving, smothering and chain reaction interruption techniques for extinguishing a fire.

A halon-based extinguisher effective on Class B and C fires.

Dense smoke and toxic fumes can be dangerous to health, disorient and lead to asphyxiation.

A state where a crew member cannot perform their duties due to injury or illness.

Oxygen deficiency.

Cabin crew's immediate action in identifying fire source, notifying authorities, and safely removing passengers.

Rapid descent of an aircraft to a lower, safer altitude in cases of cabin pressure loss.

Canceling a takeoff due to unexpected circumstances (technical issue or obstruction).

The three elements (fuel, oxygen, and heat) required for a fire to start and continue.

Any material that will burn.

A component of air needed for combustion.

The initiating energy needed to start a fire.

Removing the fuel, thus preventing further combustion.

Reducing or eliminating oxygen supply to the fire.

Lowering the fire temperature to stop it.

Fires involving solid materials (paper, wood, cloth).

Fires involving flammable liquids (oil, gasoline).

Fires involving energized electrical equipment.

Fires involving flammable metals (magnesium, sodium).

Fires involving cooking oils and fats.

In-flight fires are extremely hazardous due to confined space and quick escalation, releasing dangerous smoke.

Immediately alert the captain and crew of a fire, using the call button and shouting 'ATTENTION, BACKUP!'

Follow crew instructions, stay calm, cover face with damp cloth, and stay low.

Smoke inhalation is just as dangerous as the fire itself, causing disorientation, choking, and possible death.

The three key components needed for a fire: fuel, oxygen, and heat.

A fire involving ordinary combustible materials like wood, paper, and cloth.

A fire involving flammable liquids or gases like oil or gasoline.

A fire involving energized electrical equipment.

A fire involving combustible metals like magnesium or titanium.

A type of halon-based fire extinguisher effective on Class B and C fires.

Strategies for extinguishing a fire, including cooling, starving, smothering, and interrupting the chain reaction.

Pinpointing the exact origin of the fire.

Using the correct fire extinguisher or other means to put out a fire as quickly as possible.

Taking steps to prevent the fire from spreading further.

The three components needed for a fire: fuel, oxygen, and heat.

Fires involving ordinary combustibles, like wood or paper.

Fires involving flammable liquids or gases.

Fires involving energized electrical equipment.

Fires involving combustible metals.

A type of extinguisher effective on Class B and C fires.

Techniques to extinguish fires (cooling, starving, smothering, chain reaction interruption).

A method for locating fires based on site, source, severity, and smoke.

Steps to take when dealing with a cabin fire onboard aircraft.

The crew member directly responsible for combating the fire.

The crew member responsible for informing the flight deck.

Assists with equipment, passenger safety, and communication.

Procedures for dealing with a fire in a waste container.

Immediate actions to take upon an electrical fire.

Procedures for handling a fire in the lavatory.

The assistant supports firefighters by gathering equipment, managing the area, and communicating with passengers.

The communicator must report fire location, characteristics (size, color, flames), extinguisher type, and passenger reaction to the Captain.

Turn off the oven, keep the door slightly open, and use BCF/BTP extinguisher after flames subside.

Check for smoke, dampen/extinguish with a non-flammable substance or extinguisher, and monitor for re-ignition.

Check for heat, open from the opposite side, use BCF/BTP extinguisher, and remove smoldering items.

Dampen the seat with non-flammable liquid or extinguisher, and check surrounding areas.

Isolate the electrical supply, use extinguisher, and monitor for re-ignition.

Check for heat, open door slightly, use extinguisher, soak area once cooled, and monitor for re-ignition.

Use blankets or clothing to extinguish the fire as quickly as possible.

Turn off the PED, use BCF/BTP, cool the device, and consider full submersion in water (if needed).

Isolate circuits and use BCF/BTP extinguisher; crew should wear oxygen masks if necessary, as well as the potential need for additional extinguisher support from the cabin crew.

Limited access, locating the source, rapid spread, special equipment needed.

Monitor for smoke and changes in temperature, have extinguisher ready, and use protective shielding techniques.

Use the back of your hand to check floor temperature; do not use the palm.

BCF (halon 1211) is toxic, use PBE if available, limit discharge time if not using PBE.

Smoke and fumes spread rapidly, obscure view, and contain toxic materials causing harm or death.

Dense toxic fumes lead to toxicity, oxygen displacement, and heat.

Smoke/fumes can cause eye irritation, disorientation, choking, asphyxiation, and panic.

Procedure for handling smoke in the airplane, including notifying the Captain, requesting smoke removal, acquiring fire equipment, investigating smoke source and checking for flames, preventing fire spread, and informing passengers.

Checklist of actions for cabin crew during a cabin fire, addressing fire source location, crew communication (flight deck and cabin), extinguisher use, passenger guidance, oxygen bottle management, and electrical safety in the fire zone.

The Captain responds to smoke by descending to an altitude equalizing cabin pressure and directing the aircraft to an appropriate airport for landing.

Passengers should remain calm and follow crew instructions. They must cover nose/mouth with a cloth, crouch to avoid fumes, and move away from the smoke area.

Decompression events are categorized into slow (explosive) and rapid (explosive), based on the speed of pressure decrease. Slow decompression happens gradually and may not show visible symptoms immediately, while rapid decompression is sudden and has immediate effects.

A reduction in cabin pressure can occur due to structural damages like cracks in the plane's fuselage, malfunction in the pressurization system, and improperly closed doors.

Hypoxia, or lack of oxygen, manifests in various ways, including ear pain, stomach pain, lack of coordination, impaired judgment, euphoria, drowsiness, and bluish discoloration of the lips or fingertips.

Cabin crew members must recognize hypoxia symptoms in themselves and passengers because it can rapidly lead to incapacitation.

When rapid decompression occurs, cabin crew should immediately put on their own oxygen masks and instruct passengers to do the same. They should sit, secure seatbelts, and secure loose objects.

Flight crew will announce "ATTENTION, RAPID DESCENT", providing information about the situation and guidance on actions to take.

Emergency descent involves rapidly lowering the plane to a lower, denser altitude, allowing for better breathing without supplemental oxygen.

Cabin crew should put on their oxygen masks immediately, assist passengers with masks, remain calm and reassuring to passengers, fasten seatbelts, and secure loose items.

After the descent, cabin crew should prepare portable oxygen equipment, check oxygen mask fit for pilots and crew, fit masks to passengers especially unconscious ones, and check lavatories for passengers.

Crew member incapacitation refers to a condition where a crew member cannot perform their duties due to injury, illness, or other medical issues.

Incapacitation can result from medical conditions (like heart problems, stroke, or hypoxia), injuries (trauma or falls), or exposure to harmful substances (smoke, fumes).

Incapacitation is categorized as minor (not life-threatening but hindering duty) or evident (complete inability to function, requiring immediate medical attention).

During expected turbulence, flight attendants secure loose items, fasten seatbelts, and close/secure areas (curtains, galleys). Lavatories must be unoccupied.

In severe turbulence, all cabin crew take seats, fasten seat belts, assist passengers, and cease all unnecessary actions. Remain seated until the turbulence subsides or instructed to resume duties.

Bromochlorodifluoromethane (Halon 1211) and bromotrifluoromethane (BTP) are fire extinguishing agents effective on Class B and C fires.

Protective Breathing Equipment (PBE) provides respiratory protection in smoke-filled or oxygen-deficient environments.

Hypoxia is a state caused by oxygen deficiency in the body, leading to various symptoms, including confusion, impaired judgment, and possible loss of consciousness.

A rapid descent to a lower altitude, usually due to cabin pressure loss or other critical situations; it's a maneuver necessary to ensure the safety of the aircraft and its occupants.

A procedure where the pilot decides not to complete a landing and climbs back up to attempt another approach.

An illuminated sign that alerts passengers to fasten their seatbelts, often used before turbulence or other anticipated rough conditions occur.

Senior Cabin Crew member; a person who has more experience and takes a leadership role.

In-flight entertainment system; includes movies and games for passenger enjoyment.

Air Traffic Control; responsible for managing air traffic.

Abbreviation for Passengers

Flight Crew, consisting of pilots and other flight personnel.

Captain; the highest-ranking pilot on a flight.

Unexpected events requiring immediate action, such as mechanical failures, weather issues, medical emergencies, and security threats.

Aircraft problems due to malfunctions in systems like engines, hydraulics, or landing gear.

Emergencies caused by severe weather conditions like strong turbulence, lightning, or icing.

Problems involving passenger or crew illness or injury that necessitates quick action.

Emergencies related to potential harm, such as hijacking or bomb threats.

A method of improving safety and decision-making in emergencies by promoting teamwork and communication among the crew members.

Emergencies can cause passengers and crew to feel fear, anxiety, panic, or stress.

Signs that a crew member may be losing capacity to function, such as incoherent speech, strange behavior, irregular breathing, faintness, jerky movements, or slow/fast reactions.

Crew members closely observing each other for unusual behavior or signs of incapacitation.

Announce 'MY CONTROL!', engage autopilot, declare emergency, inform pilots, and move the incapacitated person out of harm's way.

Seek medical help from passengers, arrange medical assistance upon landing, prepare the affected crew member and the aircraft for landing.

Prepare the cockpit and cabin for landing, perform approach checks early, request help from other crew or passengers, and coordinate efficient post-landing assistance.

Provide oxygen, administer first aid, communicate with flight crew, obtain medical help, and brief other crew members upon a crew member's sickness-related incapacitation.

Re-arrangement of remaining crew members based on seniority and experience for efficient operation after incapacitation.

Replacing the incapacitated crew member with a more senior or capable member based on position and seniority.

Call for a doctor onboard, remove the pilot from the flight deck and announce the need for medial assistance; an experienced pilot will take over; in the case of being injured not breathing a secondary qualified pilot takes over.

Recline the pilot's seat, secure their arms within the harness, and loosen and manually lock the shoulder harness if breathing.

Requires two people to safely and securely remove an unconscious pilot from their seat to guarantee safety for everyone.

Reasons for a captain to cancel a takeoff, such as mechanical issues, fire, bird strike, runway obstructions, or air traffic control decisions.

Cabin crew announce 'Attention, all passengers remain seated.'

Follow the captain's instructions, potentially repeat the announcement, secure cabin, and prepare for assistance.

Perform a cabin check, and initiate emergency evacuation as directed by the captain if necessary, following the captain's instructions.

A non-emergency passenger evacuation as a safety precaution; similar to an evacuation but required in safety considerations.

The crew announces 'ATTENTION, RAPID DEPLANE. USE AIRBRIDGE/STAIRS.'

Prepare cabin for quick disembarkation, direct passengers, assist safely, account for all passengers and crew.

Reasons for post-landing precautionary disembarkation like aircraft issues, technical problems, or inspection needs.

Pilot decision to abort landing due to unfavorable conditions(weather, obstacles). Aircraft will circle back for another attempt.

Secure cabin, reassure, instruct, prepare for a possible secondary landing attempt.

Irregular air motions causing bumpy flight conditions, ranging from light to severe.