Emergency Preparedness and Fire Prevention
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Questions and Answers

What happens to the volume of a gas when its pressure increases, while keeping the temperature constant?

  • The volume fluctuates.
  • The volume decreases. (correct)
  • The volume remains the same.
  • The volume increases.

    • Under which conditions does Charles' law apply?

  • Constant pressure and variable temperature. (correct)
  • Constant temperature and variable pressure.
  • Constant volume and variable pressure.
  • Constant pressure and variable volume.

    • What is the effect of constant volume on the pressure of an ideal gas when the temperature increases?

  • The pressure remains constant.
  • The pressure fluctuates unpredictably.
  • The pressure increases. (correct)
  • The pressure decreases.

    • What does Avogadro's law state about the amount of gas at constant temperature and pressure?

    <p>Volume is directly proportional to the number of gas molecules.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which variable does the combined gas law link together?

    <p>Pressure, Volume, Temperature.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If a cylinder with a volume of 5 ft³ releases gas, what would be the approximate volume of gas released given a significant pressure drop?

    <p>5,000 ft³</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What process involves heat transfer without the actual movement of molecules?

    <p>Conduction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In convection heat transfer, which factor influences the heat transfer rate?

    <p>Heat transfer coefficient</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does radiation transfer heat between bodies?

    <p>Without involving a medium.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of sprinkler system does not hold water under pressure but fills with water when activated?

    <p>Dry pipe</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What defines Class 1 hazardous location classification?

    <p>Flammable vapours and gases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor is most critical in developing emergency response plans?

    <p>How to protect people, property, and the environment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the minimum temperature at which a material burns without an ignition source?

    <p>Autoignition temperature</p> Signup and view all the answers

    For combustion to start and proceed, what combination is required?

    <p>Fuel, heat, source of ignition, and air</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most important consideration to prevent fire loss in a flammable liquid storage area?

    <p>Compatible storage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is carbon monoxide such a dangerous gas produced in fires?

    <p>It is reactive with hemoglobin in blood</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does it indicate if the gaseous products of combustion have a vapor density of less than 1?

    <p>The gases rise above the air</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the fire point in relation to the flash point?

    <p>Fire point is higher than flash point</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a type of hazardous location classification?

    <p>Class 4</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which NFPA guideline refers to fire precaution and protection standards?

    <p>National Fire Code</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the flash point of a flammable liquid?

    <p>The lowest temperature at which it gives off ignitable vapor</p> Signup and view all the answers

    At what percentage of the Lower Explosive Limit (LEL) is a gas considered explosive?

    <p>10%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which gas law states that the volume of a gas is directly proportional to its absolute temperature, assuming constant pressure?

    <p>Charles' law</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the auto-ignition temperature?

    <p>The temperature at which fuel ignites without an external flame</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is the Upper Explosive Limit (UEL) defined?

    <p>The highest vapor concentration preventing flame propagation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the formula to convert % Vol to PPM?

    <p>% Vol x 10,000 = PPM</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of gases, what do Boyle's Law and Charles' Law collectively describe?

    <p>Volume, temperature, and pressure relationships</p> Signup and view all the answers

    For a mixture containing 50% methane (LEL 5%) and 50% propane (LEL 2%), how is the overall LEL calculated?

    <p>Weighted average based on proportions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of issuing a work permit for entry into a confined space?

    <p>To ensure flammable vapors are below a safe concentration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between flash point, fire point, and auto-ignition temperature?

    <p>Flash point is lower than fire point, which is lower than auto-ignition temperature</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Emergency Preparedness, Fire Prevention, and Security

    • This domain covers emergency preparedness, fire prevention, and security measures.
    • Key aspects include flash point, fire point, autoignition temperature, Lower Explosive Limit (LEL), Upper Explosive Limit (UEL), and conversions between different units.
    • Important considerations for confined spaces are highlighted.

    Flash Point

    • The flash point is the lowest temperature at which a flammable liquid produces enough vapor to form an ignitable mixture.
    • If exposed to a flame, the mixture will ignite momentarily and self-extinguish.

    Fire Point

    • The fire point is the lowest temperature at which a flammable liquid generates enough vapor to sustain continuous burning.
    • This self-sustained burning occurs even without an external ignition source.

    Autoignition Temperature

    • Autoignition temperature is the lowest temperature at which a fuel spontaneously ignites in the absence of an external ignition source (like a flame or spark).
    • This temperature is always higher than both flash point and fire point.

    Lower Explosive Limit (LEL)

    • LEL is the minimum concentration of flammable vapor in air needed for the propagation of a flame.
    • Below this concentration, a flame will not propagate, even with an ignition source.

    Upper Explosive Limit (UEL)

    • UEL is the maximum concentration of flammable vapor in air above which a flame will not propagate.
    • Above this concentration, there isn't enough vapor to form a readily ignitable mixture.
    • Work permit for entry to a confined space is needed when the concentration of flammable substance is below 0.5% of LEL.

    Conversions

    • Includes conversions between percentage volume and parts per million (PPM)
    • Provides conversions from LEL to PPM and from PPM to mg/m³.
    • Formulae for conversions are included.

    Gas Laws

    • Gas laws explain gas behavior.
    • Key gas laws covered are:
      • Boyle's law (pressure and volume at constant temperature)
      • Charles's law (volume and temperature at constant pressure)
      • Gay-Lussac's law (pressure and temperature at constant volume)
      • Avogadro's law (volume and number of moles at constant temperature and pressure)
      • Combined gas law (combining Boyle's, Charles's, and Gay-Lussac's laws)
      • Ideal gas law (combining Avogadro's and the combined gas laws)

    Modes of Heat Transfer

    • Three modes of heat transfer:
      • Conduction: Heat transfer through a material without its movement
      • Convection: Heat transfer through fluids (liquids and gases) due to their movement.
      • Radiation: Heat transfer through electromagnetic waves.

    Sprinkler Systems

    • Different sprinkler systems exist: dry pipe, wet pipe, deluge, and pre-action.
    • These systems protect from fire.

    Hazardous Location Classification

    • Classifies areas based on the type of hazard (flammable vapors & gases, combustible dust, ignitable fibers, etc.)
    • Categorizes potential hazards into classes for risk assessment.

    NFPA Fire Diamond

    • Provides a standardized way to communicate fire and health hazards.
    • Includes four sections: Health hazard, Fire hazard, Reactivity hazard, Specific hazard.

    Emergency Response Plans

    • Prioritizes protective measures for people, property, and the environment.
    • Critical element for preparedness.

    Other Key Concepts

    • Autoignition temperature
    • Ignition temperature
    • Flammability limits
    • Fire point
    • Flash point
    • Types of flammable hazards
    • Safety considerations

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    Related Documents

    Fire and Emergency Preparedness PDF

    Description

    This quiz explores key concepts of emergency preparedness, fire prevention, and security measures. Topics covered include flash point, fire point, autoignition temperature, and explosion limits. Important considerations for safety in confined spaces are also discussed.

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