10 Questions
What ECG abnormality would you expect to see in a 23-year-old woman with severe vomiting and diarrhoea and a serum potassium of 2.6 mmol/L?
Tented T waves
In dextrocardia, where is the apex beat of a normal heart usually felt?
Right side of the chest
Which heart sound is produced by the closure of the atrioventricular (mitral and tricuspid) heart valves?
Heart sound I (S1)
Which heart sound is known as the 'dub' sound heard during cardiac auscultation?
Heart sound II (S2)
What ECG abnormality would you expect to see in a 23-year-old woman with severe vomiting and diarrhoea and a serum potassium of 2.6 mmol/L?
Tented T waves
What is the hallmark ECG finding in hyperkalemia?
Tall peaked T waves
Which of the following heart sounds is produced by the closure of the atrioventricular (mitral and tricuspid) heart valves?
Heart sound I (S1)
In dextrocardia, where is the apex beat of a normal heart usually felt?
Right side of the chest
What is the hallmark ECG finding in hyperkalemia?
Peaked T waves
Which of the following is indicative of severe dehydration in a patient?
Hypernatremia
Study Notes
Electrocardiogram (ECG) Abnormalities
- In a 23-year-old woman with severe vomiting and diarrhoea and a serum potassium of 2.6 mmol/L, the expected ECG abnormality is a prolonged PR interval, flattened or inverted T waves, and a widened QRS complex.
- The hallmark ECG finding in hyperkalemia is a widened QRS complex.
Heart Sounds
- The heart sound produced by the closure of the atrioventricular (mitral and tricuspid) heart valves is the S1 sound, also known as the 'lub' sound.
- The S2 sound, also known as the 'dub' sound, is produced by the closure of the semilunar (aortic and pulmonary) valves.
Dextrocardia
- In dextrocardia, the apex beat of a normal heart is usually felt on the right side of the chest.
Dehydration
- Severe dehydration in a patient is indicated by a serum potassium level of 2.6 mmol/L.
Test your knowledge on electrolyte imbalances and ECG abnormalities in emergency medicine scenarios. Identify the expected ECG abnormalities in a patient with severe vomiting and diarrhoea and low potassium levels. Explore the utility of heart sounds in detecting cardiovascular pathologies.
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