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Questions and Answers
Patients with rib fractures will commonly:
Patients with rib fractures will commonly:
breathe rapidly and shallowly.
Subcutaneous emphysema is an indication that:
Subcutaneous emphysema is an indication that:
air is escaping into the chest wall from a damaged lung.
A rapid, irregular pulse following blunt trauma to the chest is most suggestive of a:
A rapid, irregular pulse following blunt trauma to the chest is most suggestive of a:
myocardial contusion.
Irritation or damage to the pleural surfaces that causes sharp chest pain during inhalation is called:
Irritation or damage to the pleural surfaces that causes sharp chest pain during inhalation is called:
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If a patient with a chest injury only inhales small amounts of air per breath, he or she:
If a patient with a chest injury only inhales small amounts of air per breath, he or she:
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Elevation of the rib cage during inhalation occurs when:
Elevation of the rib cage during inhalation occurs when:
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If a person's tidal volume decreases, but his or her respiratory rate remains unchanged:
If a person's tidal volume decreases, but his or her respiratory rate remains unchanged:
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The phrenic nerves control the diaphragm and exit the spinal cord at:
The phrenic nerves control the diaphragm and exit the spinal cord at:
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A patient who presents with profound cyanosis following a chest injury:
A patient who presents with profound cyanosis following a chest injury:
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Signs and symptoms of a tension pneumothorax include all of the following, except:
Signs and symptoms of a tension pneumothorax include all of the following, except:
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Hemoptysis is defined as:
Hemoptysis is defined as:
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The thoracic cavity is separated from the abdominal cavity by the:
The thoracic cavity is separated from the abdominal cavity by the:
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A simple pneumothorax:
A simple pneumothorax:
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An open pneumothorax is:
An open pneumothorax is:
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When assessing a patient with a hemothorax, you will most likely find:
When assessing a patient with a hemothorax, you will most likely find:
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Pneumothorax is defined as:
Pneumothorax is defined as:
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The ________ nerves supply the diaphragm.
The ________ nerves supply the diaphragm.
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When a person is lying supine at the end of exhalation, the diaphragm:
When a person is lying supine at the end of exhalation, the diaphragm:
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A flail chest occurs when:
A flail chest occurs when:
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Which of the following organs or structures does not reside within the mediastinum?
Which of the following organs or structures does not reside within the mediastinum?
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Study Notes
Respiratory Responses to Chest Injuries
- Patients with rib fractures typically breathe rapidly and shallowly to minimize pain.
- A decrease in tidal volume with an unchanged respiratory rate leads to reduced minute volume, impacting overall ventilation efficiency.
Subcutaneous Emphysema and Pneumothorax
- Subcutaneous emphysema indicates air has escaped into the chest wall due to lung damage, potentially complicating respiratory issues.
- A simple pneumothorax often results from blunt chest trauma and involves air accumulation in the pleural space.
Cardiac Considerations and Injuries
- A rapid, irregular pulse after blunt chest trauma suggests a possible myocardial contusion, requiring further evaluation.
- Profound cyanosis following a chest injury indicates significant oxygen deprivation, necessitating immediate ventilation and oxygen therapy.
Pleural and Respiratory Mechanics
- Pleurisy is characterized by sharp chest pain during inhalation, linked to irritation of pleural surfaces.
- The diaphragm, controlled by the phrenic nerves originating at C3, C4, and C5, facilitates inhalation by contracting and elevating the rib cage.
Assessing Chest Injuries
- Signs of tension pneumothorax include distended neck veins except for collapsed jugular veins, which would not be present in this condition.
- In hemothorax cases, patients often exhibit signs of shock due to the loss of blood volume or pressure.
Anatomical and Physiological Considerations
- The thoracic cavity, separated from the abdominal cavity by the diaphragm, is crucial in the respiratory process.
- Flail chest occurs when a section of the chest wall becomes detached, causing paradoxical movement during respiration.
Mediastinum Knowledge
- Lungs do not reside in the mediastinum; this area contains vital structures such as the heart, trachea, and major blood vessels.
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Description
Test your knowledge on emergency medicine with this Chapter 30 quiz. It covers essential topics such as rib fractures, subcutaneous emphysema, and myocardial contusions. Perfect for medical students and professionals looking to refresh their understanding.
