Emergency Medical Response Flashcards

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Questions and Answers

What is cardiogenic shock?

A condition where the heart suddenly can't pump enough blood to meet the body's needs.

What should you suspect in a patient who reports having the worst headache of her life, with vital signs BP 180/90, P 56, R 20?

Migraine headache

What should you do when a 450 lb patient has a 6-inch laceration and a fractured left ankle on the third floor?

Call for extrication assistance.

What should you ensure during a cardiac arrest when the AED prompts 'Shock Advised'?

Ensure no one is touching her. Signup and view all the answers

In an alert 21-year-old female who complains of weakness and dizziness after a syncopal episode in hot weather, what is the most likely cause?

Dehydration Signup and view all the answers

What should you suspect in a 22-year-old female who struck her chest on handlebars and is short of breath with asymmetrical chest movement?

Flail segment Signup and view all the answers

What should you perform on a 10-month-old female who is choking?

5 back blows. Signup and view all the answers

Which body system is responsible for protection, temperature regulation, and excretion?

Integumentary Signup and view all the answers

What type of shock should you suspect in a 2-year-old female with vomiting, decreased oral intake, and cool, mottled skin?

Neurogenic Signup and view all the answers

What should you do when first on the scene of a multi-car crash with significant damage?

Request additional resources. Signup and view all the answers

What should you tell the daughter of an 82-year-old male who refuses transport to the hospital?

Tell the daughter that she is only legally allowed to make decisions when her father is incapacitated. Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the condition during pregnancy where the placenta covers the cervical opening?

Placenta previa Signup and view all the answers

What should you do for a 22-year-old female with altered mental status and irregular respirations?

Apply a pediatric non-rebreather mask over her stoma. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following patients has the right to refuse treatment and transport?

A 52-year-old male with tightness in the chest and wheezes Signup and view all the answers

What should you do for a 6-year-old female who is crying in the back seat of a vehicle after a car crash with a downed utility line on top of the vehicle?

Contact dispatch for additional resources. Signup and view all the answers

What should you do for a 67-year-old female who is unconscious and family members are performing poor CPR?

Perform 2 minutes of CPR. Signup and view all the answers

What should you do for an unresponsive 22-year-old male who is breathing 6 times per minute after crashing his motorcycle?

Begin ventilating him with a bag-valve mask. Signup and view all the answers

What should you do for an unresponsive 67-year-old male with a weak carotid pulse, emesis in oropharynx, and gasping respirations of 6?

Suction his airway. Signup and view all the answers

While ventilating a 12-year-old female with a pocket mask, you are unable to see chest rise. What should you do?

Reopen the airway. Signup and view all the answers

What should you suspect for a 36-year-old male with nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, and vital signs showing BP 92/54?

Renal Failure. Signup and view all the answers

What is the most likely cause of a confused 22-year-old male with a weak pulse of 122 and a distended abdomen?

Internal Bleeding. Signup and view all the answers

For a 7-year-old male in cardiac arrest after choking on a bite of chicken, what should you do?

Immediately apply the AED. Signup and view all the answers

What should you do for a 19-year-old female unresponsive after overdosing on heroin with gurgling respirations?

Open her mouth and suction her airway. Signup and view all the answers

What is the normal breathing rate for a 6-year-old?

18 to 30. Signup and view all the answers

What should you do for an 88-year-old female in hospice care who is pulseless and apneic?

Notify law enforcement. Signup and view all the answers

What is the leading cause of bradycardia for pediatric patients?

Hypoxia. Signup and view all the answers

For a 24-year-old female who is 32 weeks pregnant, experiencing weakness and vomiting, what should you do?

Monitor her vital signs and transport. Signup and view all the answers

What should you do for a 21-year-old female who is 33 weeks pregnant with abdominal pain and high blood pressure?

Position her on her left side. Signup and view all the answers

What should you suspect for a 52-year-old female with severe abdominal pain and black stools?

Upper Intestinal bleeding. Signup and view all the answers

What should you do for a 15-day-old female neonate who is unresponsive?

Begin chest compressions. Signup and view all the answers

When a 28-year-old female in active labor has a protruding umbilical cord, what position should you place her in?

Knee-chest. Signup and view all the answers

For a 42-year-old male stung by a bee, what should you do considering his allergy?

Scrape the stinger off his hand. Signup and view all the answers

When is it appropriate to insert your gloved fingers into the vagina during delivery?

To relieve pressure off the umbilical cord. Signup and view all the answers

What is the most likely cause for a 46-year-old female with swollen feet and shortness of breath?

Heart Failure. Signup and view all the answers

What should you do for an unresponsive 53-year-old female in respiratory failure after chest trauma?

Provide positive pressure ventilations. Signup and view all the answers

What is a complication of a precipitous delivery?

Perineum tearing. Signup and view all the answers

After a shock with an AED for a 66-year-old female, she has a respiratory rate of 8. What should you do?

Defibrillate her. Signup and view all the answers

What should you suspect for a 36-year-old female with fever and abnormal vaginal discharge?

Pelvic inflammatory disease. Signup and view all the answers

What should you do for a 51-year-old male who is unresponsive with agonal respirations?

Check for a pulse. Signup and view all the answers

What should you do for a 28-year-old female with a left ankle fracture who has tingling in her foot?

Attempt to realign the ankle. Signup and view all the answers

What should you do for a 25-year-old male stabbed in the chest?

Lift one side of the occlusive dressing. Signup and view all the answers

For a febrile 2-year-old female who had a seizure, what should you do?

Assist her ventilations. Signup and view all the answers

What should you suspect for a 76-year-old female with a cough producing green sputum?

Pneumonia. Signup and view all the answers

How should you respond to a 22-year-old female with steady vaginal bleeding and no pain?

Place a sanitary pad over the vaginal opening. Signup and view all the answers

A circumferential burn from the elbow to the wrist is approximately what percent of total body surface area?

4.5. Signup and view all the answers

When lifting a stretcher into the ambulance using power grip, how far apart should your hands be?

10 inches apart. Signup and view all the answers

For a 32-year-old female who is 28 weeks pregnant, what position should you transport her in?

Left lateral recumbent. Signup and view all the answers

What should you do for a 50-year-old female with a history of chronic bronchitis, breathing at a rate of 6?

Provide positive pressure ventilations with a bag-valve mask. Signup and view all the answers

What should you do for a suicidal 35-year-old male who becomes verbally abusive?

Call law enforcement for assistance. Signup and view all the answers

What should you do when blood spurts on your forearms treating a 44-year-old male with a gunshot wound?

Continue patient care. Signup and view all the answers

What should you do for a 56-year-old male with increasing shortness of breath and jugular vein distention?

Provide positive pressure ventilations. Signup and view all the answers

What should you do for an 18-year-old female with sickle cell anemia complaining of stomach and leg pain?

Apply oxygen and transport her in a position of comfort. Signup and view all the answers

What should you do for a 4-year-old male with chemical burns to his face after an airbag deployment?

Perform rapid extrication. Signup and view all the answers

For a 15-year-old male having an allergic reaction, which should you be most concerned about?

Throat swelling Signup and view all the answers

What should you be most concerned about while administering oral glucose to a 45-year-old male who is diabetic?

His ability to swallow. Signup and view all the answers

What should you do during a primary assessment when a 32-year-old female complains of a rapid heartbeat?

Obtain baseline signs. Signup and view all the answers

What should you do for a 66-year-old male who collapsed 8 minutes ago and is in cardiac arrest?

Start chest compressions. Signup and view all the answers

What precautions should you take for a 40-year-old male with an open ankle fracture that's actively bleeding?

Wear gloves and a surgical mask Signup and view all the answers

What should you suspect for a 45-year-old female who is 34 weeks pregnant with a severe headache and swollen feet?

Pre-eclampsia. Signup and view all the answers

What should you do for a 55-year-old female complaining of feeling like something is stuck in her throat?

Inspect her throat for a foreign body. Signup and view all the answers

What should you do for a newborn with central cyanosis after delivery?

Inspect the oropharynx. Signup and view all the answers

What statement is most significant for a 53-year-old male with nausea and a headache?

"I just turned the furnace on last night." Signup and view all the answers

What is the correct location for assessing a 2-year-old's pulse?

Brachial. Signup and view all the answers

What should you consider when using the ambulance siren?

Motorists will not hear it. Signup and view all the answers

What should you do when arriving at a factory where people are coughing as they evacuate?

Call for additional resources and look for a triage site that is upwind from the factory. Signup and view all the answers

What organ is responsible for the exchange of oxygen, food, and waste between a mother and fetus?

Placenta. Signup and view all the answers

What should you do for a 33-year-old female who is pulseless after contact with a portable welder?

Begin compressions. Signup and view all the answers

What should you do for a 3-year-old female who is unresponsive and apneic with a carotid pulse of 30?

Start chest compressions. Signup and view all the answers

What should you do if a patient is becoming cyanotic with no chest rise while being ventilated with a bag-valve mask?

Reposition the airway and ventilate again. Signup and view all the answers

What should you do to convince a 65-year-old male with a suspected myocardial infarction who refuses transport?

Attempt to convince him to go to the hospital. Signup and view all the answers

What should you suspect for a 24-year-old female with right lower quadrant abdominal pain radiating to her back?

Ruptured ovarian cyst. Signup and view all the answers

What color triage tag should be assigned to an unresponsive and apneic female with an open injury during a mass casualty incident?

Red Signup and view all the answers

What should you do for a 3-year-old female lying supine in a ditch after being hit by a car, bleeding from her ears and nose?

Assist her ventilations. Signup and view all the answers

What should you suspect for an 8-year-old male who is unresponsive and has ecchymosis to his left upper quadrant?

Liver rupture. Signup and view all the answers

What should you suspect for a 58-year-old female with fever and chills, revealing rales and rhonchi in lung sounds?

Pneumonia. Signup and view all the answers

What should you do for a 72-year-old female with a nosebleed following a fall?

Lean her forward. Signup and view all the answers

What should you do for a 12-year-old male bleeding from a deep laceration on his palm, known to be a hemophiliac?

Apply direct pressure. Signup and view all the answers

What is the most likely cause of slurred speech and left arm weakness in a 72-year-old female?

Transient ischemic attack. Signup and view all the answers

Which audible, high-pitched breath sound usually results from a blockage of the smaller air passages?

Stridor Signup and view all the answers

What should you do for a 42-year-old male with a large laceration on the medial aspect of his neck?

Apply an occlusive dressing. Signup and view all the answers

How should you correct an error during documentation?

Draw a line through the error and initial. Signup and view all the answers

What should you do for a 78-year-old female complaining of difficulty breathing, with vital signs showing bilateral wheezing?

Administer oxygen by non-rebreather mask. Signup and view all the answers

What should you do immediately after the delivery of a vigorous newborn?

Suction the oropharynx with a bulb syringe. Signup and view all the answers

What should you do for a 15-year-old male struck in the face by a falling tree branch who complains of a headache?

Begin spinal immobilization. Signup and view all the answers

What should you do for a patient shot in the chest after cutting off the blood-soaked shirt?

Place it in a brown paper bag. Signup and view all the answers

What should you do for a 36-year-old male who is ventilator-dependent?

Look for adequate chest rise and fall. Signup and view all the answers

For a 32-year-old female who is 36 weeks pregnant, what should you suspect if she presents with legs protruding from her vagina?

Breech birth. Signup and view all the answers

What is the most important question to ask a 36-year-old female complaining of headache, slurred speech, and weakness?

When did these symptoms start? Signup and view all the answers

What should you do when the baby's head is delivered and you see the umbilical cord wrapped around the neck?

Attempt to remove the cord from around the baby's neck. Signup and view all the answers

What should you do for an unresponsive 42-year-old male who is not breathing?

Check for a pulse. Signup and view all the answers

What should you do for a newborn who is apneic immediately after delivery?

Stimulate the baby by rubbing vigorously with a dry towel. Signup and view all the answers

What should you suspect for a 56-year-old female with shortness of breath and productive cough?

Chronic bronchitis. Signup and view all the answers

When does crowning occur?

When the baby's head is visible at the vaginal opening. Signup and view all the answers

What should you do for an unconscious 58-year-old male who is cyanotic and actively vomiting?

Log roll him and continue suctioning. Signup and view all the answers

What should you suspect for a 24-year-old male hit in the chest with a metal pipe, coughing up blood?

Tension pneumothorax. Signup and view all the answers

What should you do for a 54-year-old female who drank bleach to kill herself?

Contact poison control center. Signup and view all the answers

What is your first step in treating a patient who has been sexually assaulted?

Reassure the patient. Signup and view all the answers

What should you suspect for a 19-year-old female who is staring blankly at the wall and slow to answer?

Hypoglycemia. Signup and view all the answers

What should you suspect for a confused 60-year-old male who can't move his left arm?

Ischemic stroke. Signup and view all the answers

What should you suspect for a 58-year-old male with general weakness and previous severe chest pain?

Heart Attack. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Patient Refusal and Rights

Patients have the right to refuse treatment; consider their mental and physical state when making decisions.
A 52-year-old male with chest tightness and wheezes has the right to refuse treatment.

Emergency Response Protocols

In situations with potential hazards (e.g., a utility line on a vehicle after a crash), always contact dispatch for extra resources.
Poor CPR can worsen a patient's condition; immediately start effective CPR upon arrival, especially in cases of unresponsive individuals.

Hypoxia and Respiratory Management

Signs of inadequate ventilation include slow breathing rates (less than 12 breaths per minute).
Use a bag-valve mask for ventilation in patients with lower respiratory rates or unresponsiveness.

Suspecting Medical Conditions

Chronic alcohol use may indicate renal failure when associated with nausea, vomiting, and vital sign abnormalities.
Internal bleeding is suspected in confused patients showing weak pulses and pale, cool skin.

Pediatric Considerations

Effective CPR must be verified in pediatric cardiac arrest; apply AEDs without delay.
Normal pediatric respiratory rates range between 18-30 breaths per minute.

Labor and Delivery

Positions for a laboring patient can improve delivery; the knee-chest position is beneficial for umbilical cord issues.
Breech births require special attention; expect associated complications with delivery positioning.

Management of Allergic Reactions and Burns

In suspected allergic reactions, monitor for throat swelling as an immediate concern.
Scrape and remove stingers in cases of bee stings, while ensuring to maintain patient safety.

Trauma Assessment

Apply direct pressure to control bleeding from significant lacerations, especially in patients with hemophilia.
Healthy trauma assessment includes identifying respiratory issues and potential fractures after vehicular accidents.

Recognizing Stroke and Cardiac Events

Rapid assessments in stroke cases should prioritize the time of onset of symptoms.
For suspected myocardial infarctions, persuading patients to accept transport is crucial for treatment.

Ventilation Techniques

Reposition the airway for effective ventilation if initial attempts fail; check for obstructions.
In advanced medical emergencies, ensure positive pressure ventilation for obstructed patients.

Special Considerations During Emergency Situations

Assess for signs of shock in febrile children, and consider the mechanism of injury in pediatric trauma.
Provide clear, concise reports to colleagues and update them on any changes in the patient's condition.

Respect for Patient Rights

Always seek to reassure and respect the patient's autonomy when presenting treatment options.
Document and correct any errors in patient records methodically for clarity and accuracy.

Critical Interventions

Fluid displacement near a pregnant woman during labor may pose risks; clear communication among the medical team is key.
Post-cardiac arrest scenarios necessitate immediate use of an AED and confirming the patient's response before proceeding.

Transport Protocols

Pregnant patients should ideally be transported in left lateral recumbent position to optimize blood flow.
Communication with the family during transport is critical to reducing patient anxiety.

Shock Recognition and Treatment

Distinguish between various types of shock, such as neurogenic shock due to dehydration in children.
Establish sufficient assistance and resources in mass casualty situations, prioritizing triage effectively.

Comprehensive Patient Evaluation

When evaluating patients, focus on both visible symptoms and more subtle indicators, like changes in state of consciousness.
Provide reassurance during assessment and listen attentively to patient concerns for effective diagnosis and planning.### Medical Power of Attorney
A medical power of attorney authorizes an individual to make healthcare decisions on behalf of another person.
Legally, the daughter can only make decisions for her father if he is deemed incapacitated.

Placenta Previa

Condition during pregnancy where the placenta covers the cervical opening.
Can lead to complications during delivery and requires careful monitoring.

Elderly Patient Care

In cases where an elderly patient expresses a desire for hospital transport but faces opposition from family, it's crucial to assess their medical needs.
If the 78-year-old male is unable to walk, and there is evidence of neglect, contacting adult protective services is necessary for his safety.

Management of Respiratory Distress

An altered mental status in a patient with a stoma indicates possible respiratory distress.
Application of a pediatric non-rebreather mask over the stoma is the appropriate method to ensure adequacy of breathing and oxygenation.

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Test your knowledge on emergency medical responses with these flashcards. Each card presents a scenario requiring critical thinking and decision-making skills in urgent situations. Ideal for students in emergency medical services and related fields.