Emergency and Disaster Nursing: Disaster Preparedness Week 3
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Questions and Answers

What type of fires are air-pressured water (APW) extinguishers designed for?

  • Class A fires (correct)
  • Class C fires
  • Class B fires
  • Class D fires

    • Which type of fires are carbon dioxide extinguishers suitable for extinguishing?

  • Class A and B fires
  • Class A and C fires
  • Class C and D fires
  • Class B and C fires (correct)

    • What is the recommended timeframe for hydrostatic testing and recharging of carbon dioxide extinguishers?

  • Every year
  • Every 10 years
  • Every 3 years
  • Every 5 years (correct)

    • Which type of dry chemical extinguisher is designed to extinguish Class A, B, and C fires?

    <p>ABC</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be avoided in terms of storage during earthquake preparedness?

    <p>Securing heavy objects on high shelves</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is learning first aid considered essential before an earthquake?

    <p>To provide assistance in case of injuries</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main purpose of the Universal Emergency Code System?

    <p>To group students together during evacuations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During a volcanic eruption, what is the recommended action to protect against respiratory ailments caused by ash?

    <p>Cover the face with wet cloth and breathe normally</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the key role of the Philippine Institute of Volcanology and Seismology (PHILVOLCS) in disaster preparedness?

    <p>Monitoring earthquakes and volcanic activities in the country</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should individuals do AFTER a volcanic eruption to protect themselves from ashfall?

    <p>Keep windows, doors, and dampers closed until ashfall ends</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary focus of the PHASE 5: HEAD COUNT in disaster preparedness?

    <p>Ensuring all students and teachers are accounted for after evacuation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended action for individuals in river valleys and low-lying areas during a volcanic eruption?

    <p>Seek higher ground immediately</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are some of the precautionary activities covered under disaster preparedness?

    <p>Volcanic eruption response</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which classification of fuels includes gasoline, oil, and acetone?

    <p>Class B</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are some factors in successful firefighting according to the text?

    <p>Solid combustible materials</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the four things that must be present simultaneously to produce fire?

    <p>Oxygen, fire triangle, response plan</p> Signup and view all the answers

    "FIRE - INFORM - RESPONSE" stands for:

    <p>$1^{st}$ - education</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is emphasized in general preparedness related to candles?

    <p>$8^{th}$ - keeping candles 12 inches away from flammable items</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended duration of food and drinking water to have at home?

    <p>37 days</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should you do if you are outdoors during an earthquake?

    <p>Stay away from buildings, trees, and power lines</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the PHASE 2 response during an earthquake drill?

    <p>What to do DURING an earthquake</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should you do if you are indoors during an earthquake?

    <p>Stay away from windows and outside doors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should you do after an earthquake?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of an emergency evacuation plan?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended action if an oven fire occurs?

    <p>Turn off the oven and keep the door closed until the fire is extinguished</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which item is NOT listed as a factor that can contribute to a Christmas tree fire?

    <p>Fireplace embers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is the recommended action during a storm?

    <p>Unplug major electronics to minimize damage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is the most effective way to prevent children from starting fires?

    <p>Keep matches, lighters, and other ignition sources out of reach of children</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended action if you encounter a fire while in a building?

    <p>Stay low, drop to the ground, and roll to extinguish flames</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is the number one source of house fires according to the text?

    <p>Cooking</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Fire Safety and Emergency Preparedness

    • Fire extinguishers should be evaluated in and around the home to identify potential risks.

    Types of Fire Extinguishers

    • Air-Pressured Water (APW) Extinguishers:
    • Filled with 2/3 ordinary tap water, pressurized with normal air
    • Designed for Class A (wood, paper, cloth) fires only
    • Carbon Dioxide Extinguishers:
    • Filled with non-flammable CO2 under extreme pressure
    • Recognizable by its hard horn and lack of pressure gauge
    • Designed for Class B and C (flammable liquid and electrical) fires only
    • Found frequently in laboratories, mechanical rooms, kitchens, and flammable liquid storage areas
    • Dry Chemical Extinguishers:
    • Has 3 types: DC (dry chem), ABC (designed to extinguish class A, B, C), and BC (designed to extinguish class B and C)

    Earthquake Preparedness

    • What to do BEFORE an earthquake:
    • Keep a battery-powered radio, flashlight, and first aid kits
    • Learn first aid
    • Avoid keeping heavy objects in high shelves
    • Fasten heavy appliances to the floor and anchor heavy furniture to the wall
    • Discuss earthquake safety in school and at home
    • What to do AFTER an earthquake:
    • Evacuate the building and proceed to the designated evacuation area
    • Group together at the designated evacuation area
    • Take a headcount
    • Evaluate problems encountered

    Volcanic Eruptions Preparedness

    • What to do BEFORE a volcanic eruption:
    • Learn about community warning systems and emergency plans
    • Make a family emergency plan, evacuation plan, and communication plan
    • What to do DURING a volcanic eruption:
    • Follow orders issued by authorities
    • Be aware of mudflows/landslides-debris flow
    • Help neighbors who may require special assistance
    • Protection from falling ash:
      • Remain indoors
      • Avoid contact with ash
      • Respiratory ailment – avoid contact with ash
    • Listen to battery-powered radio or TV
    • What to do AFTER a volcanic eruption:
    • Keep windows, doors, and dampers closed until ashfall ends
    • If possible, stay away from volcanic ashfall areas

    Disaster Preparedness

    • Classification of fuels:
    • Covers activities to enhance the ability to predict, respond to, and cope with the effects of a disaster
    • Includes precautionary activities by households, communities, and organizations to react appropriately during and following the event
    • Classification of fires:
    • Class A: ordinary combustibles (wood, paper, cloth)
    • Class B: flammable liquids (gasoline, oil, grease, acetone)
    • Class C: electrical fires
    • Class D: combustible metals (potassium, sodium, aluminum, magnesium)

    General Preparedness

    • Factors in Successful Firefighting:
    • Fire warning system and quantity of extinguishers
    • Fire training (knowledge)
    • Fire-fighting equipment in good working condition
    • 4 Things must be present at the SAME TIME to produce fire:
    • Enough oxygen to sustain combustion
    • Fuel ( combustible materials)
    • Heat
    • Chemical reaction (fire triangle)

    Emergency and Disaster Nursing

    • Communication Plan:
    • Plan with 3 easy steps:
      • Identify a meeting spot outside the home
      • Choose an out-of-town contact
      • Practice your plan
    • Phases of an Earthquake Drill:
    • PHASE 1: ALARM
    • PHASE 2: RESPONSE
    • PHASE 3: EVACUATION
    • PHASE 4: ASSEMBLY
    • PHASE 5: HEAD COUNT
    • PHASE 6: EVALUATION

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    Description

    Learn about disaster preparedness, including the classification of fuels and activities to predict, respond to, and cope with disasters. Covers precautionary measures taken by households, communities, and organizations to react appropriately during and after disasters.

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