Embryonic Development

The process of forming gametes through meiosis is known as ______.

During fertilization, the sperm must undergo ______, which involves changes in the female reproductive tract that allow it to fertilize the egg.

Cells produced during cleavage are called ______ and become progressively smaller with each division.

The fluid-filled cavity inside the blastocyst is called the ______, which is surrounded by the inner cell mass and trophoblast.

During gastrulation, cells migrate through the ______ to form the mesoderm and endoderm layers.

The ______ germ layer gives rise to the epidermis, nervous system, and neural crest cells.

The ______ signals the overlying ectoderm to thicken and eventually form the neural tube.

During organogenesis, specific regions of the germ layers differentiate to form the ______ of organs.

The ______ is a vital organ that facilitates nutrient and gas exchange between the mother and fetus.

[Blank] are substances that can cause birth defects, affecting the development of the embryo or fetus.