Embryonic Development of Gastrointestinal Tract

The foregut is the first portion of the developing digestive tube, giving rise to structures like the esophagus, stomach, and part of the duodenum. It is innervated by the vagus nerve (CN X), which controls its motility and secretion.

The midgut, the middle portion of the digestive tract, develops into the small intestine (except the first part of the duodenum), the cecum, appendix, and ascending colon. It's innervated by the vagus nerve as well.

The hindgut, the final portion of the developing digestive tube, gives rise to the descending colon, sigmoid colon, rectum, and anal canal. It is innervated by the pelvic splanchnic nerves, which govern its motility and sphincter control.

The liver, gallbladder, and pancreas arise from the foregut. The liver develops as a bud from the ventral foregut, while the gallbladder and pancreas originate as buds from the dorsal foregut.

Midgut development involves stages of elongation, herniation, rotation, and retraction. Elongation increases the length of the small intestine, herniation pushes the midgut into the umbilical cord, rotation twists the gut before retracting back into the abdomen.

The foregut, part the early digestive system, forms the esophagus, stomach, and a portion of the duodenum. It's controlled by the vagus nerve (CN X) for movement and secretion.

The liver develops as a bud from the ventral part of the foregut. The gallbladder and pancreas originate as buds from the dorsal foregut.

The midgut's development is marked by four stages: elongation, herniation, rotation, and retraction. These stages shape the intestines and place them correctly within the abdomen.

The midgut, a part of the developing digestive system, develops into the small intestine (except the first part of the duodenum), the cecum, appendix, and ascending colon. It's also controlled by the vagus nerve.

The hindgut, the final part of the digestive system, gives rise to the descending colon, sigmoid colon, rectum, and anal canal. The pelvic splanchnic nerves control its movement and sphincter function.