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Questions and Answers
What is the most common type of congenital diaphragmatic hernia?
What is the most common type of congenital diaphragmatic hernia?
Which congenital abnormality may be diagnosed in utero due to excess amniotic fluid?
Which congenital abnormality may be diagnosed in utero due to excess amniotic fluid?
What is the main cause of respiratory distress syndrome in newborns?
What is the main cause of respiratory distress syndrome in newborns?
What is the developmental stage of the lower respiratory tract that involves divisions of the alveoli continuing after birth?
What is the developmental stage of the lower respiratory tract that involves divisions of the alveoli continuing after birth?
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During which period of lung development does the formation of primitive alveoli occur?
During which period of lung development does the formation of primitive alveoli occur?
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What contributes to the development of the larynx?
What contributes to the development of the larynx?
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Which structure separates the thoracic and abdominopelvic cavities during embryonic development?
Which structure separates the thoracic and abdominopelvic cavities during embryonic development?
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Which layers derive from the epiblast via a process termed gastrulation?
Which layers derive from the epiblast via a process termed gastrulation?
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At what stage does implantation occur during fertilization to implantation?
At what stage does implantation occur during fertilization to implantation?
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What is the main learning outcome related to the embryonic development of the trachea and bronchi?
What is the main learning outcome related to the embryonic development of the trachea and bronchi?
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During which stage does implantation occur?
During which stage does implantation occur?
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What are the three germ layers that derive from the epiblast?
What are the three germ layers that derive from the epiblast?
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Which chapters are listed as recommended reading for the development of the respiratory system?
Which chapters are listed as recommended reading for the development of the respiratory system?
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Study Notes
Development of Body Cavities, Lungs, and Larynx in Embryonic Development
- Mesoderm develops into paraxial, intermediate, and lateral plate mesoderm, which further divides into parietal (somatic) and visceral (splanchnic) layers.
- Lateral plate mesoderm forms a "horseshoe" shape around the developing head by the development of intraembryonic coelom.
- The embryonic "disc" folds in two planes, leading to the closing of body walls and the entrapment of intraembryonic coelom into a closed body cavity, lined by somatic and visceral lateral plate mesoderm.
- The development of the heart, septum transversum, and associated intra-embryonic coelom moves caudally due to folding in both cranio-caudal and lateral dimensions.
- The primitive body cavities undergo partitioning, with lung buds invaginating into pericardioperitoneal canals and forming pleural cavities.
- The diaphragm forms to separate thoracic and abdominopelvic cavities, involving the fusion of pleuroperitoneal membranes with the mesentery of the esophagus.
- The central tendon of the diaphragm is formed by the fusion of pleuroperitoneal membranes, mesentery of the esophagus, and migrating myoblasts, accompanied by the phrenic nerve.
- The respiratory diverticulum (lung bud) develops as an outpouching of the foregut, with the tracheoesophageal ridges fusing to form tracheoesophageal septum.
- Larynx development involves contributions from pharyngeal arches 4 and 6, with the internal epithelium originating from endoderm and laryngeal muscles and cartilages from fusing mesenchyme.
- Lung development includes generational divisions to create the bronchial tree and four phases: pseudoglandular, canalicular, saccular, and alveolar periods.
- Lung development continues after birth, with the earliest premature survival at around week 24, and further development (six more generations, tripling the number of alveoli).
- The pseudoglandular period (weeks 5-16) involves branching up to terminal bronchioles, the canalicular period (weeks 16-26) forms primitive alveoli, and the saccular period (week 26 to birth) sees increased alveoli and respiratory bronchioles and capillaries, along with epithelial changes and surfactant production.
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Description
Embryonic Development of Body Cavities, Lungs, and Larynx Quiz Test your knowledge of embryonic development with this quiz covering the formation of body cavities, lung buds, and the larynx. Explore the key stages and structures involved in the development of these vital systems, from the initial mesoderm differentiation to the postnatal stages of lung development.
