Embryonic Development Week 2-4 I,II
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Questions and Answers

Which of the following is a phase in the development of the primitive uteroplacental circulation?

  • Extraembryonic Mesoderm Formation (correct)
  • Neurulation
  • Somite Development
  • Bilaminar Germ Disc

    • Which cellular contributions are involved in the formation of the bilaminar embryonic disc?

  • Splanchnopleure
  • Embryonic Mesoderm (correct)
  • Extraembryonic Mesoderm
  • Somatopleure

    • What is the process of gastrulation?

  • Formation of the Neural Crest
  • Formation of the Notochord
  • Formation of the Splanchnopleure and Somatopleure
  • Formation of the Primitive Streak (correct)

    • How does the primordial cardiovascular system develop?

    <p>Blood Islands and Heart Formation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which process marks the beginning of morphogenesis in the embryonic disc?

    <p>Gastrulation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During gastrulation, which germ layers are generated?

    <p>Ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the precursor to the notochord?

    <p>Notochordal process</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the process involved in the formation of the neural plate and neural tube?

    <p>Neurulation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which structure marks the cranial end of the embryo?

    <p>Prechordal plate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) in pregnancy?

    <p>Stimulates progesterone by the corpus luteum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can high levels of hCG indicate during pregnancy?

    <p>Multiple pregnancies</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a hydatidiform mole?

    <p>A fluid-filled sac or mass of tissue that has no viable embryo</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During embryonic development, which tissue gives rise to most of the cardiovascular system, including the heart?

    <p>Splanchnic mesoderm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During embryonic development, what is the name of the tissue formed by the splanchnic mesoderm and the underlying endoderm?

    <p>Splanchnopleure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the process of formation of blood vessels de novo from hemangioblasts called?

    <p>Vasculogenesis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the process of formation of new blood vessels from pre-existing vasculature called?

    <p>Angiogenesis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is responsible for bringing together the paired heart tubes to form the single heart tube in its final orientation?

    <p>Folding in the sagittal plane</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following contributes cells that form most of the outflow tract and right ventricle in heart formation?

    <p>Secondary heart field</p> Signup and view all the answers

    At approximately what day do blood islands begin forming?

    <p>Day 17</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When are blood cells made by the embryo?

    <p>Weeks 5-6</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary heart field also known as?

    <p>Cardiogenic plate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary heart field responsible for forming?

    <p>Left ventricle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which structure gives rise to the CNS - the brain and spinal cord?

    <p>Neural plate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the process involved in the formation of the neural plate and neural folds and closure of these folds to form the neural tube?

    <p>Neurulation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What structure forms the ganglia, Schwann cells, enteric nervous system, chromaffin cells, parafollicular C cells, and melanocytes?

    <p>Neural crest cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the paraxial mesoderm differentiate into during development?

    <p>Dermatome, myotome, and sclerotome</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is true about the different cell lineages in the developing mammalian embryo?

    <p>The endoderm differentiates into mesoderm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the two layers that the embryoblast differentiates into during the second week of development?

    <p>Epiblast and hypoblast</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) produced by the syncytiotrophoblast?

    <p>Maintains the activity of the corpus luteum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the source of the extraembryonic mesoderm that surrounds the amnion and yolk sac?

    <p>Primitive streak</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Primitive Uteroplacental Circulation

    • Formation of the bilaminar embryonic disc involves the epiblast and hypoblast.
    • Gastrulation is the process where the trilaminar embryonic disc is formed, resulting in the development of the three germ layers: ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm.
    • Morphogenesis begins with gastrulation, during which the embryo takes shape.
    • The primitive node, located at the cranial end of the primitive streak, is the precursor to the notochord.
    • The process of neurulation involves the formation of the neural plate, neural folds, and subsequent closure of these folds to form the neural tube.
    • The notochord is located at the cranial end of the embryo.
    • hCG is vital in maintaining the corpus luteum, which produces progesterone to sustain pregnancy.
    • High levels of hCG can indicate multiple pregnancies, ectopic pregnancy, or gestational trophoblastic disease.
    • Hydatidiform mole is a non-viable pregnancy with abnormal placental growth, sometimes with high levels of hCG.

    Cardiovascular Development

    • The splanchnic mesoderm is the source of most of the cardiovascular system, including the heart.
    • The splanchnic mesoderm and the underlying endoderm form the cardiogenic mesoderm.
    • Vasculogenesis is the process of novel blood vessel formation from hemangioblasts.
    • Angiogenesis is the process of forming new blood vessels from pre-existing vessels.
    • The lateral mesoderm is responsible for bringing together the paired heart tubes to form the single heart tube.
    • The second heart field is responsible for forming most of the outflow tract and right ventricle.
    • Blood islands begin appearing around day 17 of embryonic development.
    • The embryo starts producing blood cells around day 19.
    • The primary heart field is also known as the first heart field.
    • The primary heart field is responsible for forming the left ventricle, atrium, and part of the ventricle septum.
    • The neural tube gives rise to the CNS, including the brain and spinal cord.
    • The process of neurulation, involving the formation of the neural plate, neural folds, and their closure, creates the neural tube.
    • The neural crest gives rise to ganglia, Schwann cells, enteric nervous system, chromaffin cells, parafollicular C cells, and melanocytes.

    Embryonic Development

    • The paraxial mesoderm differentiates into somites.
    • Somites differentiate into sclerotome, myotome, and dermatome.
    • The embryoblast differentiates into the epiblast and hypoblast.
    • The epiblast is a source of the three germ layers, while the hypoblast forms the yolk sac.
    • hCG is produced by the syncytiotrophoblast and plays an important role in maintaining the corpus luteum.
    • The extraembryonic mesoderm that surrounds the amnion and yolk sac originates from the hypoblast.

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    Embryology: Early Development Weeks 2-4 PDF

    Description

    Test your knowledge on embryonic development with this quiz! Learn about the splanchnic mesoderm and endoderm, which form the gut wall and give rise to the cardiovascular system. Explore the different layers of mesoderm and their roles in embryonic development.

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