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Questions and Answers
What occurs when the intestinal loops return to the abdominal cavity?
What occurs when the intestinal loops return to the abdominal cavity?
What is a retrocolic hernia?
What is a retrocolic hernia?
What is the initial orientation of the stomach during its formation in the 4th week?
What is the initial orientation of the stomach during its formation in the 4th week?
Which of the following best describes an omphalocele?
Which of the following best describes an omphalocele?
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What is the consequence if the stomach remains in the thoracic cavity?
What is the consequence if the stomach remains in the thoracic cavity?
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What type of cells innervate the gut tube?
What type of cells innervate the gut tube?
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During which weeks of development does the rotation of the midgut occur?
During which weeks of development does the rotation of the midgut occur?
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At what angle does the stomach rotate around its longitudinal and anteroposterior axes?
At what angle does the stomach rotate around its longitudinal and anteroposterior axes?
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Which nerve innervates the anterior side of the stomach after positional changes during development?
Which nerve innervates the anterior side of the stomach after positional changes during development?
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What structural feature develops faster in the stomach, contributing to its shape?
What structural feature develops faster in the stomach, contributing to its shape?
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Which part of the stomach moves right and upward during its development?
Which part of the stomach moves right and upward during its development?
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What happens to the positions of the cephalic and caudal ends of the stomach during development?
What happens to the positions of the cephalic and caudal ends of the stomach during development?
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What is the structure formed on the ventral surface of the stomach following the changes during development?
What is the structure formed on the ventral surface of the stomach following the changes during development?
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What is the primary function of the lesser omentum?
What is the primary function of the lesser omentum?
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Which ligament connects the liver to the body wall?
Which ligament connects the liver to the body wall?
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The continuous structure with the dorsal mesentery is primarily associated with which aspect of embryonic development?
The continuous structure with the dorsal mesentery is primarily associated with which aspect of embryonic development?
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Which section of the gastrointestinal tract is described as having a smooth muscle coat in the lower third?
Which section of the gastrointestinal tract is described as having a smooth muscle coat in the lower third?
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What significant anatomical change occurs during tail folding in embryonic development?
What significant anatomical change occurs during tail folding in embryonic development?
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What occurs at the end of the fourth week of embryonic development regarding the intraembryonic cavity?
What occurs at the end of the fourth week of embryonic development regarding the intraembryonic cavity?
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The peritoneal reflection is primarily defined as what?
The peritoneal reflection is primarily defined as what?
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What characterizes the splanchnic plexus in relation to muscle coats?
What characterizes the splanchnic plexus in relation to muscle coats?
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What is the likely cause of a defect that results in the colon positioning on the left side of the abdominal cavity?
What is the likely cause of a defect that results in the colon positioning on the left side of the abdominal cavity?
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What primarily occurs during the reversed rotation of the intestinal loop?
What primarily occurs during the reversed rotation of the intestinal loop?
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What is a potential consequence of a volvulus in the bowel?
What is a potential consequence of a volvulus in the bowel?
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What abnormality could occur as a result of abnormalities in the formation of the cloaca?
What abnormality could occur as a result of abnormalities in the formation of the cloaca?
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Where are duplications of intestinal loops likely to occur?
Where are duplications of intestinal loops likely to occur?
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What condition occurs in approximately 1 in 5,000 live births?
What condition occurs in approximately 1 in 5,000 live births?
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What anatomical position does the transverse colon achieve in cases of abnormal rotation?
What anatomical position does the transverse colon achieve in cases of abnormal rotation?
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What mechanism is primarily responsible for the rotation that causes volvulus?
What mechanism is primarily responsible for the rotation that causes volvulus?
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What is the primary conduit between the pancreas and the duodenum?
What is the primary conduit between the pancreas and the duodenum?
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At which anatomical location does the midgut terminate in adults?
At which anatomical location does the midgut terminate in adults?
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Which structures are derived from the pancreas during gestational development?
Which structures are derived from the pancreas during gestational development?
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What condition may arise if the vitelline duct persists after development?
What condition may arise if the vitelline duct persists after development?
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Which artery supplies the midgut?
Which artery supplies the midgut?
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During the embryonic period, what structure connects the primary intestinal loop to the yolk sac?
During the embryonic period, what structure connects the primary intestinal loop to the yolk sac?
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Which days of development are associated with the growth from approximately 5mm to 7mm in the pancreas?
Which days of development are associated with the growth from approximately 5mm to 7mm in the pancreas?
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Which transcription factors are associated with the specification of pancreatic cells?
Which transcription factors are associated with the specification of pancreatic cells?
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Study Notes
Development of the Gastrointestinal Tract
- The lesser omentum connects the stomach and proximal duodenum to the liver.
- The falciform ligament attaches the liver to the body wall and is continuous with the dorsal mesentery.
- The peritoneal reflection serves as the junction between an organ and the posterior abdominal wall.
Embryonic Development Highlights
- Gastric development begins with the foregut around the fourth week; initial formation is fusiform dilation.
- Essential growth in the esophageal region positions the stomach within the abdominal cavity.
- A diaphragmatic hernia may occur if the stomach remains in the thoracic cavity, leading to lung compression.
Stomach Rotation and Innervation
- Stomach rotates 90° around both longitudinal and anteroposterior axes; the pylorus shifts right and upward.
- Left vagus nerve innervates the anterior side, while the right vagus innervates the posterior side due to this rotation.
- The greater and lesser curvatures of the stomach are formed as the posterior wall grows faster than the anterior wall.
Pancreatic Development
- The pancreas develops from parenchymatous tissue, with Islets of Langerhans forming by the third month of gestation.
- During development, pancreatic ducts enter the duodenum at significant sites known as the major and minor papillae.
Midgut Overview
- The midgut begins immediately distal to the duodenum and terminates at the proximal two-thirds of the transverse colon.
- It is supplied by the superior mesenteric artery, which provides blood supply during rapid midgut and mesentery growth.
- The primary intestinal loop remains connected to the yolk sac via the vitelline duct, which can persist and form Meckel’s diverticulum if not closed.
Post-Rotation Conditions
- Return of intestinal loops into the abdominal cavity involves a complete 270 degrees of rotation.
- Potential complications include retrocolic hernia and volvulus due to intestinal twisting.
Body Wall Defects
- Omphalocele occurs with herniation of abdominal viscera through an enlarged umbilical ring, potentially involving multiple organs.
- Defects like rectourethral and rectovaginal fistulas result from abnormal cloaca formation and urorectal septum development, occurring in 1 in 5,000 live births.
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Description
This quiz explores the lesser omentum's role in connecting the stomach and proximal duodenum to the liver, along with the falciform ligament's function. Additionally, it examines transverse sections through embryos at various development stages, enhancing your understanding of embryonic anatomy and connections.
