Embryology Basics and Development Quiz

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What does embryology primarily study?

Cellular structure of a fully formed individual

Development of an embryo from fertilization to fetus stage (correct)

Postnatal development of humans

The process of birth

The embryonic period lasts from conception to the third month of development.

True

What is the term for the substance that causes abnormality in physiological development?

Teratogen

The __________ stage of the embryo is formed when sperm and egg fuse.

zygote Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following terms refers to a compact ball of 16 cells formed on Day 3?

Morula Signup and view all the answers

Most people develop normally and are born with birth defects requiring medical attention.

False Signup and view all the answers

What are the two periods of development in embryology?

Embryonic period and fetal period Signup and view all the answers

An inner cell mass (ICM) is also known as __________.

embryoblast Signup and view all the answers

Match the following embryonic structures with their definitions:

Zygote = The earliest development stage of embryo Morula = A compact ball of 16 cells Embryoblast = Inner cell mass of the embryo Fetus = Developing human after the embryonic period Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the alimentary canal is included in the hindgut?

Sigmoid colon Signup and view all the answers

Spermatogenesis occurs in female ovaries.

False Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of gametogenesis?

To produce gametes for sexual reproduction. Signup and view all the answers

The immature cell that develops into an ovum is called the ______.

oogonium Signup and view all the answers

Match the following parts of the digestive system with their classification:

Duodenum = Foregut Ileum = Midgut Sigmoid colon = Hindgut Transverse colon = Midgut Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of oogenesis after ovulation?

Mature ovum is released. Signup and view all the answers

Each female is born with a limited supply of oocytes.

False Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the primary oocyte during oogenesis?

It undergoes meiosis but arrests in prophase I. Signup and view all the answers

The process of forming sperm cells by meiosis is known as ______.

spermatogenesis Signup and view all the answers

Match the stages of oogenesis with their definitions:

Oogonium = Immature cell developing into ovum Primary follicle = Oogonium surrounded by cell layer Tertiary follicle = Contains a mature ovum Ovulation = Release of mature ovum Signup and view all the answers

What triggers the LH surge that causes ovulation?

A rapid increase in estrogen levels Signup and view all the answers

Luteinizing Hormone (LH) is released by the ovaries.

False Signup and view all the answers

What is the space called between the vitelline membrane and zona pellucida?

perivitelline space Signup and view all the answers

Spermatogenesis involves the differentiation of _______ from primordial male germ cells.

spermatids Signup and view all the answers

Match the phases of spermatocytogenesis with their descriptions:

Multiplication phase = Diploid spermatogonia multiply mitotically Growth phase = Spermatogonia double in volume Maturation phase = Diploid primary spermatocytes begin meiosis Signup and view all the answers

How long does it take for a spermatogonium to develop into a mature spermatozoon?

61 days Signup and view all the answers

The zona pellucida is the innermost layer that surrounds the mature ovum.

False Signup and view all the answers

What hormones are involved in regulating the ovulatory process?

estrogen, progesterone, inhibin Signup and view all the answers

The largest cell in the body is the _______.

ovum Signup and view all the answers

Which phase of spermatocytogenesis is also known as the proliferation phase?

Multiplication phase Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary process during spermatocytogenesis that involves the duplication of nuclear DNA?

Meiotic prophase Signup and view all the answers

The acrosome is responsible for providing energy to the sperm for locomotion.

False Signup and view all the answers

What are the two major parts of a mature spermatozoon?

Head and tail Signup and view all the answers

During spermiogenesis, excess ______ is eliminated to form the tail of the sperm.

cytoplasm Signup and view all the answers

Match the parts of a spermatozoon with their functions:

Head = Contains genetic material needed for fertilization Acrosome = Helps penetrate the egg Middle piece = Provides energy for movement Tail = Facilitates motility of the sperm Signup and view all the answers

Which structure of a spermatozoon contains a haploid number of chromosomes?

Head Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the trophoblast in embryonic development?

Forms the outer layer of the blastocyst and placenta Signup and view all the answers

The hypoblast forms on Day 4 from the inner cell mass.

False Signup and view all the answers

What are the three primary germ layers formed during gastrulation?

Ectoderm, mesoderm, endoderm Signup and view all the answers

The __________ is formed by epiblast cells at the end of Week 2.

amniotic cavity Signup and view all the answers

Which germ layer is primarily responsible for forming the skin and nervous system?

Ectoderm Signup and view all the answers

The yolk sac is fully functional in humans and provides essential nutrients during the entire pregnancy.

False Signup and view all the answers

What is gastrulation in embryonic development?

The phase where the bilaminar germ disc acquires a third germ layer and becomes trilaminar Signup and view all the answers

The __________ develops into muscles, bones, and connective tissue.

mesoderm Signup and view all the answers

Match the following terms with their definitions:

Foregut = Anterior part of the alimentary canal including stomach and liver Midgut = Part of alimentary canal that forms intestines Yolk Sac = Provides nutrients to the embryo Chorion = Forms part of the placenta Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following structures surrounds the embryo and forms a protective cavity?

Amnion Signup and view all the answers

Embryology Basics and Development Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What does embryology primarily study?

The embryonic period lasts from conception to the third month of development.

What is the term for the substance that causes abnormality in physiological development?

The __________ stage of the embryo is formed when sperm and egg fuse.

Which of the following terms refers to a compact ball of 16 cells formed on Day 3?

Most people develop normally and are born with birth defects requiring medical attention.

What are the two periods of development in embryology?

An inner cell mass (ICM) is also known as __________.

Match the following embryonic structures with their definitions:

Which part of the alimentary canal is included in the hindgut?

Spermatogenesis occurs in female ovaries.

What is the primary function of gametogenesis?

The immature cell that develops into an ovum is called the ______.

Match the following parts of the digestive system with their classification:

What is the result of oogenesis after ovulation?

Each female is born with a limited supply of oocytes.

What happens to the primary oocyte during oogenesis?

The process of forming sperm cells by meiosis is known as ______.

Match the stages of oogenesis with their definitions:

What triggers the LH surge that causes ovulation?

Luteinizing Hormone (LH) is released by the ovaries.

What is the space called between the vitelline membrane and zona pellucida?

Spermatogenesis involves the differentiation of _______ from primordial male germ cells.

Match the phases of spermatocytogenesis with their descriptions:

How long does it take for a spermatogonium to develop into a mature spermatozoon?

The zona pellucida is the innermost layer that surrounds the mature ovum.

What hormones are involved in regulating the ovulatory process?

The largest cell in the body is the _______.

Which phase of spermatocytogenesis is also known as the proliferation phase?

What is the primary process during spermatocytogenesis that involves the duplication of nuclear DNA?

The acrosome is responsible for providing energy to the sperm for locomotion.

What are the two major parts of a mature spermatozoon?

During spermiogenesis, excess ______ is eliminated to form the tail of the sperm.

Match the parts of a spermatozoon with their functions:

Which structure of a spermatozoon contains a haploid number of chromosomes?

What is the purpose of the trophoblast in embryonic development?

The hypoblast forms on Day 4 from the inner cell mass.

What are the three primary germ layers formed during gastrulation?

The __________ is formed by epiblast cells at the end of Week 2.

Which germ layer is primarily responsible for forming the skin and nervous system?

The yolk sac is fully functional in humans and provides essential nutrients during the entire pregnancy.

What is gastrulation in embryonic development?

The __________ develops into muscles, bones, and connective tissue.

Match the following terms with their definitions:

Which of the following structures surrounds the embryo and forms a protective cavity?

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