Embryology and Anatomy of the Thyroid Gland

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What is the embryological origin of the thyroid gland?

Isthmus

Medial thyroid gland

Base of the tongue (correct)

Foreman cecum

What is the significance of the isthmus in the development of the thyroid gland?

It connects the thyroid and trachea

It gives rise to the recurrent laryngeal nerve

It provides blood supply to the thyroid gland

It forms the pyramidal lobe in 80% of the population (correct)

Why is knowledge of the anatomy of the recurrent laryngeal nerve important?

It separates the thyroid gland from the carotid artery

It may be affected during thyroid surgery, leading to vocal cord paralysis (correct)

It connects the thyroid and trachea

It is responsible for blood supply to the thyroid gland

Which vessel supplies blood to the thyroid gland?

Superior thyroid artery Signup and view all the answers

Where do the superior and middle thyroid veins drain into?

Internal jugular vein Signup and view all the answers

What is the potential risk during surgery for thyroid tumors?

Severe bleeding due to injury to the carotid artery Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of a total thyroidectomy in case of malignancy?

To completely remove the thyroid gland to prevent the spread of malignancy Signup and view all the answers

How can a small swelling in the thyroid be differentiated based on its consistency?

The center will be softer than the peripheral if it is cystic, and harder than the periphery if it is firm Signup and view all the answers

What is the recurrence rate after removing only a cyst in the thyroid?

50% Signup and view all the answers

What will recurrent infection lead to if it opens to the skin?

Fistula formation and continuous discharge Signup and view all the answers

Which investigation is always recommended for thyroid nodules?

Thyroid Ultrasound (US) Signup and view all the answers

What should be done if a patient with a thyroid nodule has dysphagia, dysphonia, or shortness of breath, especially during sleep?

Initiate immediate total thyroidectomy Signup and view all the answers

What can sudden enlargement or pain in the thyroid indicate?

It indicates the need for fine-needle aspiration (FNA) Signup and view all the answers

How should a sudden enlargement in the thyroid be managed?

Aspirate and put compression dressing to prevent recollection Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common type of malignancy associated with the thyroid?

Papillary carcinoma Signup and view all the answers

What structure forms on the foreman cecum in the base of the tongue during embryological life?

Thyroid gland Signup and view all the answers

In 80% of cases, what does the incomplete obliteration of the duct from the thyroid gland result in?

Pyramidal lobe Signup and view all the answers

Which vessel supplies blood to the thyroid gland?

External carotid artery Signup and view all the answers

Where do the superior and middle thyroid veins drain into?

Internal jugular vein Signup and view all the answers

What is the potential risk during surgery for thyroid tumors?

Damage to the recurrent laryngeal nerve Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important to know the anatomy of the recurrent laryngeal nerve?

To avoid damage during thyroid surgery Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of performing a total thyroidectomy in case of malignancy?

To prevent the risk of recurrence due to incomplete removal Signup and view all the answers

What might a small swelling in the thyroid indicate if it is less than 2 cm in size?

Recurrence rate of 50% if only the cyst is removed Signup and view all the answers

What is the potential consequence of recurrent infection in the thyroid opening to the skin?

Formation of a fistula and continued discharge Signup and view all the answers

How should sudden enlargement or pain in the thyroid be managed?

Aspirate and put compression dressing to prevent recollection Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important to be careful when there is a change in voice (dysphonia) in a patient with thyroid swelling?

It indicates malignant infiltration to a nerve or vocal cord Signup and view all the answers

What does a sudden enlargement or pain in the thyroid gland indicate?

Potential risk of recurrence due to incomplete removal Signup and view all the answers

What anatomical structure might be affected if a patient with a thyroid nodule experiences dysphonia, dysphagia, or shortness of breath, especially during sleep?

Superior laryngeal nerve and recurrent laryngeal nerve of parasympathetic supply Signup and view all the answers

What is the course of action if a patient presents with a thyroid nodule?

Perform ultrasound to determine size and site, then FNA if more than 1 cm Signup and view all the answers

What is the embryological origin of the thyroid gland?

'Foreman cecum' in the base of the tongue during embryological life Signup and view all the answers

What is located between the tongue base and the thyroid gland, and has minimal vascularity without signs of invasion?

Simple goiter showing no signs of invasion on imaging studies Signup and view all the answers

Embryology and Anatomy of the Thyroid Gland

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Questions and Answers

What is the embryological origin of the thyroid gland?

What is the significance of the isthmus in the development of the thyroid gland?

Why is knowledge of the anatomy of the recurrent laryngeal nerve important?

Which vessel supplies blood to the thyroid gland?

Where do the superior and middle thyroid veins drain into?

What is the potential risk during surgery for thyroid tumors?

What is the main purpose of a total thyroidectomy in case of malignancy?

How can a small swelling in the thyroid be differentiated based on its consistency?

What is the recurrence rate after removing only a cyst in the thyroid?

What will recurrent infection lead to if it opens to the skin?

Which investigation is always recommended for thyroid nodules?

What should be done if a patient with a thyroid nodule has dysphagia, dysphonia, or shortness of breath, especially during sleep?

What can sudden enlargement or pain in the thyroid indicate?

How should a sudden enlargement in the thyroid be managed?

What is the most common type of malignancy associated with the thyroid?

What structure forms on the foreman cecum in the base of the tongue during embryological life?

In 80% of cases, what does the incomplete obliteration of the duct from the thyroid gland result in?

Which vessel supplies blood to the thyroid gland?

Where do the superior and middle thyroid veins drain into?

What is the potential risk during surgery for thyroid tumors?

Why is it important to know the anatomy of the recurrent laryngeal nerve?

What is the main purpose of performing a total thyroidectomy in case of malignancy?

What might a small swelling in the thyroid indicate if it is less than 2 cm in size?

What is the potential consequence of recurrent infection in the thyroid opening to the skin?

How should sudden enlargement or pain in the thyroid be managed?

Why is it important to be careful when there is a change in voice (dysphonia) in a patient with thyroid swelling?

What does a sudden enlargement or pain in the thyroid gland indicate?

What anatomical structure might be affected if a patient with a thyroid nodule experiences dysphonia, dysphagia, or shortness of breath, especially during sleep?

What is the course of action if a patient presents with a thyroid nodule?

What is the embryological origin of the thyroid gland?

What is located between the tongue base and the thyroid gland, and has minimal vascularity without signs of invasion?

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