Embriología Humana: Introducción

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Study Notes

Embryonic period begins at fertilization and lasts until the formation of a human being.
Teeth develop during this period until they erupt
Permanent and temporary teeth combine during this period.
Tooth morphology and biting forms (occlusion) are defined.
Each tooth receives a name or number, depending on the nomenclature used.

The science that studies the prenatal period
Prenatal development is divided into three stages:
- Weeks 1, 2, and 3: Initial or blastula stage
- Weeks 4 to 8: Embryonic period
- Weeks 9 to 40: Fetal period
Fertilization is the union of a haploid ovum and a sperm, inside the fallopian tubes.
This creates a diploid cell with 46 chromosomes, containing genetic information from both cells.
This cell is called a zygote or egg.
After fertilization, the zygote divides and travels through the fallopian tubes.
It implants itself in the endometrium (uterine lining).
Stages in embryonic development include:
- Zygote
- Morula
- Blastocyst (or blastula)
- Gastrula
Morula: A ball of 12-32 cells, resembling a mulberry.
Blastocyst: Forms a cavity (blastocoel) within the cells. The outer layer (zone pellucida) disappears, enabling implantation.
Gastrula: Forms through invagination. Three germ layers (ectoderm, mesoderm, endoderm) will form tissues and organs.