12 Questions
What is the primary material used in sculpture and architecture?
Stone, wood, metal, and glass
Which element of art is related to the sense of touch?
Texture
What is the term for the application of light and dark in a painting that enhances the shape of a figure?
Chiaroscuro
What is the principle of design that is achieved by moderation?
Harmony and Variety
What is the term for a self-portrait photograph taken by a camera?
Selfie
What is the doctrine that physical objects result from the combination of matter and form?
Hylo morphism
What is the fundamental principle of beauty according to the text?
order and structure
What do the mathematical structures in music refer to?
length, pitch, dynamics, and tempo
What is the cultural standard of beauty among the Suri people in Africa?
wearing a plate in the lower lip
What is the concept of beauty related to in Hindu life and religion?
the art of pleasure
According to Marco Vitruvio, what shape represents the spiritual aspect of human beings?
circle
What is the term for the law of reincarnation in Hindu life and religion?
samsara
Study Notes
Media and Elements of Visual Arts
- Media of Art refers to the substance or materials used to create a work of art
- Examples of media include:
- Painting: surface (canvas) and pigment (oil paint)
- Sculpture/Architecture: stone, wood, metal, and glass
- Music: human voice and musical instruments
- Dance: motion of the human body
- Literature: written or oral language
- Drama: action and spoken language (theater), film (motion picture/cinema/movie)
Elements of Visual Arts
- Visual elements of painting:
- Point: most basic visual element with no dimension
- Line: one-dimensional, a path of a moving point or points in a series
- Shape: boundaries or edges of an object
- Value: application of light and dark in a painting
- Texture: sense of touch
- Color: produced by light striking a surface
- Hue: distinguishes one color from another
- Value: lightness and darkness of a color
- Tint: adding white to a color
- Shade: adding black to a color
- Saturation: intensity of color
- Visual elements of sculpture/architecture:
- Formal: lines, shape, size, color, space
- Functional: roof, wall, floor
Principles of Design and Composition
- Principles applied to achieve formal design:
- Harmony and Variety
- Balance: equality in attention or attraction of visual elements
- Dominance: emphasizing a particular element over others
The Application of Technology to Art Production
- Influence of mechanical or technological reproduction or presentation of art
- Examples: self-portrait, selfie, and groupie
Art and Mathematics
- Aesthetic Formalism: based on the principle of HYLOMORPHISM, combining matter and form
- Form of Beauty:
- Fundamental Principle: order and structure
- Specific Principle: proportion and integrity
- Individual Principle: simplicity
- Harmony of Proportion: inspired by Marco Vitruvio's principles of human proportions
Mathematical Structure of Music
- Auditory elements:
- Rhythm: LENGTH of tones
- Pitch: HEIGHT of tones
- Dynamics: VOLUME of tones
- Tempo: SPEED of tones
- Tone: Sound of music
- Note: Written note
Art and Anthropology
- Cultural Relativism in Aesthetics: every culture has its own perception and concept of beauty
- Examples of cultural standards of beauty:
- Suri People in Africa: plate in lower lip determines beauty and acceptance
- Padaung People in Myanmar: long neck with spiral rings determines beauty
- Chinese People (before 1917): foot binding determines beauty and status
The Art of Pleasure in Hindu Life and Religion
- Basic Concepts in Hindu Life and Religion:
- Laws of Life: Samsara (Law of Reincarnation) and Karma (Law of Cause and Effect)
- Goals of Life: Dharma (duty to family and society)
Explore the fundamental elements of visual arts, including media, physical and visual parts of painting, and more.
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