Elements of Fiction in Short Stories

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Questions and Answers

What does the symbolism of a journey often represent in literature?

  • Personal growth and discovery (correct)
  • A quest for knowledge
  • A physical escape
  • A break from reality

Which of the following best describes allegory?

  • A story filled with humor
  • A plot that rejects realism completely
  • A story that has a deeper meaning beneath the surface (correct)
  • A narrative with a single superficial meaning

Which type of irony involves a contrast between what a character believes and what the reader knows to be true?

  • Verbal irony
  • Allegorical irony
  • Situational irony
  • Dramatic irony (correct)

Which of the following symbolizes unity or commitment in literature?

<p>A wedding ring (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can excessive emotion in a narrative commonly be referred to as?

<p>Sentimentality (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best indicates a symbol's meaning in a narrative?

<p>It may have multiple meanings supported by the story's context (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which literary technique does irony help to critique human behavior?

<p>Humor (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the symbolism of a flag typically represent in literature?

<p>Victory and pride (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the reason for Group Two's activity related to cartolina illustrations?

<p>Thanks to their leader's efforts (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which teacher was responsible for the landscaping assignment?

<p>Miss Noel (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of goods did the vacationing teacher return with?

<p>Fashion items (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did Miss Noel jokingly comment about during a faculty meeting?

<p>The teachers' fashion sense (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who was particularly critical of Miss Noel's summer courses?

<p>Mr. Olbes (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'deus ex machina' imply in a story?

<p>An unexpected rescue by a god-like figure (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the relationship between Miss Noel and Mrs. Olbes?

<p>They had a contentious relationship (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the nature of the assignment given to the fourth group of freshman boys?

<p>Removing unsightly objects (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes flat characters?

<p>Characters defined by one or two dominant traits (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key characteristic of dynamic characters?

<p>They experience a significant transformation or insight. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was Miss Noel's latest teaching approach that Mr. Olbes found bothersome?

<p>Integration Method (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does 'indirect presentation' of characters aim to achieve?

<p>To enable readers to infer character traits through actions. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following principles of characterization states that characters should appear realistic?

<p>Characters must be plausible or lifelike. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of a static character in a narrative?

<p>They provide a consistent anchor within the story. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is Mr. Sawit's role at the institution?

<p>English supervisor (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can best define the term 'epiphany' in the context of character development?

<p>A moment of clarity leading to significant change. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which characteristic is NOT typically associated with round characters?

<p>Simplistic and predictable behaviors (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What unfortunate event happened to Mr. Ampil?

<p>He broke a collarbone and died. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What concern does Mr. Sawit express about his orchids?

<p>He requires care for them. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How did Mr. Ampil's colleagues feel about his dedication?

<p>They admired it but were concerned for his health. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was Miss Noel's initial reaction to the news of Mr. Ampil's death?

<p>She was confused and needed clarification. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does Mr. Sawit imply about Mr. Ampil's financial situation?

<p>He struggled financially despite his years of service. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which method did Mr. Ampil use for transportation to distant schools?

<p>Horseback or carabao sled (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What misconception did Miss Noel have about teachers and supervisors?

<p>She thought all teachers loved strict supervisors. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What task was the Woodworking instructor unexpectedly assigned to do?

<p>Paint and repair the principal's house (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How did Miss Noel respond to Mrs. Olbes' request for help with her zipper?

<p>She assisted without hesitation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What items were hastily hidden in Mr. Olbes' desk drawer?

<p>Grimy socks and Form 137's (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the dress code for instructors on Flag Day?

<p>Traditional barong for men and dresses in national colors for women (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did the Social Studies teacher do when presenting the sampaguita garlands?

<p>Tripped over a pot of bougainvillea (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was Miss Noel's emotional state after her encounter with Mrs. Olbes?

<p>Content and relieved (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role did the runner posted at the town gate serve?

<p>To inform about the visitors' arrival (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How did Mr. Olbes react upon noticing the approaching party?

<p>He immediately started to shave (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the total cost of the food items mentioned?

<p>Included in the teachers' salaries (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What were the teachers of Group Two tasked with procuring?

<p>Beddings and dishes for the supper (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who was intended to sleep on the four-poster bed in the Home Economics Building?

<p>The superintendent (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was Group Three responsible for during the preparations?

<p>Structuring the rooms and creating visual aids (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did the teachers do to obtain the necessary items for bedding?

<p>Borrowed from their students' neighbors (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did the classroom walls mainly lack throughout the year?

<p>Decorations (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the condition of the teachers' lesson plans and theme books before the preparations?

<p>Many were unfinished and neglected (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What kind of pillows were placed against the headboard of the four-poster bed?

<p>Heart-shaped pillows (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Deus Ex Machina

A literary device where a god intervenes in a story to save the protagonist from a dire situation.

Characterization

The process of revealing a character's personality and traits through their actions, words, and thoughts.

Flat Characters

Characters whose personalities are simple and easily defined.

Round Characters

Characters who are complex and multifaceted, resembling real people.

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Stock Characters

Common, stereotypical characters that appear frequently in fiction.

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Static Characters

Characters who remain unchanged throughout the story.

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Dynamic Characters

Characters who experience a significant change in personality or outlook.

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Epiphany

A moment of sudden realization or insight, often leading to a change in a dynamic character.

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Conflict in Literature

A conflict is a struggle or clash between opposing forces, characters, or ideas within a story. It can be internal (within a character) or external (between characters or forces).

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Dilemma in Literature

A dilemma is a situation where a character is faced with two or more difficult choices, each with potential downsides or consequences. It forces the character to make a decision despite the lack of a perfect solution.

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Allegory

Allegory is a literary device where a story with characters, events, and settings has a deeper meaning beyond the surface. It often conveys a message about a broader theme, moral, or philosophical idea.

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Fantasy Genre

Fantasy is a genre of fiction that involves magical elements, mythical creatures, and worlds that go beyond the bounds of reality. It often explores themes of imagination, escapism, and the nature of reality.

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Humor in Literature

Humor in literature is a technique used to evoke laughter, amusement, or irony in readers. It can be used to highlight human foibles, lighten the mood, or to convey a message with a less direct approach.

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Irony in Literature

Irony is a literary technique where there is a discrepancy between what is expected, said, or perceived, and what actually happens or is meant. This discrepancy can be verbal, dramatic, or situational, creating a sense of surprise or contrast.

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Sentimentality in Literature

Sentimentality refers to excessive emotionalism or the use of exaggerated emotional expressions to evoke sympathy or a feeling of tenderness. It can be viewed as manipulative or insincere, often associated with overly dramatic portrayals of emotions.

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Linear Plot

A narrative technique where events are described as they occur in chronological order, without flashbacks or flash-forwards.

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Symbolism

A literary device that uses a recurring symbol, image, or motif to represent a particular theme, idea, or concept.

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Imagery

The use of descriptive language to evoke sensory experiences such as sight, sound, smell, taste, and touch.

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Humor

The use of humor to highlight human flaws, create a lighthearted tone, or to convey a message indirectly through laughter.

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Irony

A literary technique that involves a discrepancy between what is expected and what actually happens, creating a sense of surprise or contrast.

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Dilemma

A situation where a character faces two or more difficult choices, each with potential drawbacks or consequences.

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Satire

The use of humor or satire to criticize or expose flaws in society, individuals, or institutions.

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Study Notes

Course Objectives

  • Understand the elements of fiction and their connection to contemporary literature.
  • Discuss the elements of fiction.
  • Identify and examine elements of fiction in short stories.
  • Interpret the elements found in a provided short story.

Elements of Fiction

  • Conflict: A clash of actions, ideas, desires, or wills.
  • Man vs. Himself
  • Man vs. Man
  • Man vs. External Force (nature, society, or fate)
  • Man vs. Nature (environment)
  • Protagonist: The central character involved in the conflict, either sympathetic or unsympathetic.
  • Antagonist: Any force that opposes the protagonist.
  • Suspense: A technique creating uncertainty and anticipation in the reader.
  • Ending: The resolution of the story.
  • Mystery: An unusual set of circumstances requiring explanation.
  • Dilemma: A choice between two undesirable options.
  • Logical and believable resolution.
  • Surprise ending: An unexpected turn, providing meaningful insights.
  • Happy ending: Common in commercial fiction.
  • Unhappy ending: Common in literary fiction.
  • Indeterminate ending: No definitive resolution, but not unresolved.
  • Themes: A central insight into life presented in the story; a unifying generalization.
  • Plot Manipulation: Unjustified shifts orchestrated by the situation or characters.

Characterization

  • Direct Presentation: Characters are described explicitly, usually by other characters in the story.
  • Indirect Presentation: Characters are shown through their actions and dialogue; the reader infers their traits and motivations.
  • Flat Characters: Simple, having only one or two traits, easily summarized.
  • Round Characters: Complex, multi-faceted, with various traits, acting realistically.
  • Stock Characters: Stereotypical figures, recurrent in fiction, easily recognized.
  • Static Characters: Do not change significantly throughout the story.
  • Dynamic Characters: Undergo meaningful change during the story.

Point of View

  • Omniscient: The narrator knows and can reveal the thoughts and feelings of all characters.
  • Third Person Limited: The narrator focuses on one character's perspective, only knowing thoughts and feelings of this chosen character.
  • First Person: The story is told from the perspective of a character within the story.
  • Objective: The narrator reports events like a detached observer, limited to what is seen and heard.

Symbolism

  • Symbol: Something that means more than its literal meaning, often representing abstract ideas.

  • Object, person, situation, action, or another element.

  • Identifying clues: repetition, emphasis, positioning in the story

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