Elements of Design and Textiles Overview
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Questions and Answers

Which type of curtain has frilled or ruffled edges?

  • Cafeteria curtains
  • Blinds
  • Priscillas (correct)
  • Lined curtains

    • What is essential to ensure accurate measurements when making curtains?

  • Measurements should be recorded after all measurements are done.
  • Measurements should be noted in feet and inches.
  • Measurements should be taken horizontally first. (correct)
  • Measurements should be taken by anyone in the household.

    • Which curtain heading involves using a tape known for its narrow size?

  • Ruched heading
  • French pleats
  • Pencil pleat tape (correct)
  • Deep pinch-pleat tape

    • What type of fabric is not a typical example of a curtain type?

    <p>Denim (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is necessary for hanging curtains?

    <p>Curtain tracks or rails (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main purpose of using stiffeners in curtain making?

    <p>To provide structure and support (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which curtain type is designed to block light effectively?

    <p>Shades (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the first measurement that should be taken for curtains?

    <p>Width (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a recommended characteristic of down/feathers for pillows?

    <p>Softness (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When choosing a good pillow, what indicates it is of high quality?

    <p>It bounces back after being pressed (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of bedding items does 'bed linen' include?

    <p>Bed sheets and pillows (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    To determine the width of sheeting for a mattress, which measurement is added?

    <p>12-14 inches for tuck-in allowance (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How much fabric is required for the length of a fitted sheet for a mattress?

    <p>Length plus depth and 10 inches (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of adding a 1-inch hem allowance when cutting fabric for bed sheets?

    <p>To prevent fraying edges (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of measuring fabric for a fitted sheet, what is NOT included in the total length calculation?

    <p>The width of the mattress (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of pillow is typically included in the discussion of various pillow types?

    <p>Neck rolls (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of using a pillow or cushion?

    <p>To support the head, neck, or body (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the correct measurement to cut out from each corner of the fabric for the fitted bed sheet?

    <p>12 ½ inches (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of pillow is recommended for side sleepers?

    <p>High and firm pillows (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which material is best suited for formal events such as weddings?

    <p>Silk and organza (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characteristic is important to consider when choosing a pillow for back support?

    <p>The thickness and loft of the pillow (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of inserting elastic along the hems of the fitted bed sheet?

    <p>To ensure a secure fit to the mattress (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which stitch should be completed first when making a pillowcase?

    <p>The upper or lower hems (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key benefit of using vinyl table mats?

    <p>They can be easily wiped clean. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What potential issue can arise from using the wrong type of pillow?

    <p>Exacerbation of existing medical problems (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    For which type of dining is vinyl most appropriate?

    <p>Informal dining and picnics (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be considered when selecting a pillow based on location?

    <p>Whether the pillow is used on a floor, seat, or bed (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What additional measurement should be added to the width for the underlap of the pillow case opening?

    <p>2 inches (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    For a one-piece pillowcase, how many sides require seam allowance to be added?

    <p>Only on two sides (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How often is it generally recommended to replace your pillow?

    <p>Every 12 to 18 months (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is true about the fabric used for table mats?

    <p>It should be color fast and washable. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended size for a queen-size pillow?

    <p>20 x 30 inches (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What size is a standard small rectangular tablemat?

    <p>20cm x 30cm (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of pillow is most suitable for stomach sleepers?

    <p>Low or thin flat pillows (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    To enhance the protection of a tablemat from hot plates, what is a recommended construction technique?

    <p>Insulating with padding through quilting. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What filling materials are commonly used in cushions?

    <p>Wool, hair, feathers, and polyester (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the total hem allowance when creating the bottom piece for the pillow case?

    <p>2 inches (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main purpose of creating a shaped tuck in allowance on a fitted sheet?

    <p>To prevent slipping from the mattress (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What contributes to adding drama and vitality to a table setting?

    <p>Coordinating colors and patterns. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What materials can tablemats be made of?

    <p>A variety of materials, including fabric. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    For bed covers, how many sides of the mattress are taken into account for the drop to the floor?

    <p>Three sides excluding the head side (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When calculating fabric required for frilled bed covers, what must be multiplied by the frill length?

    <p>Number of drops needed (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a type of opening mentioned for duvet covers?

    <p>Hook and loop (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended drop for tablecloths on formal occasions?

    <p>5 to 16 inches (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When measuring for table runners, what is their approximate width?

    <p>12 inches (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How should the fabric for the frill of a bed cover be calculated?

    <p>Length around mattress on three sides x fullness (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of these statements about table accessories is true?

    <p>They can come in various shapes including round and oval. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one method for finishing edge seams of duvet covers?

    <p>Pleats or frills (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Flashcards

    Lined Curtains

    Curtains with a lining sewn on the back to enhance their quality and appearance.

    Unlined Curtains

    Curtains without any lining.

    Cafeteria Curtains

    Lightweight, casual curtains often used in kitchens or cafes for a relaxed vibe.

    Priscillas

    Curtains with frilled or ruffled edges, adding a touch of elegance.

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    Casements

    Fine, delicate curtains often made of sheer fabrics, allowing light to filter through. They're also known as sheers.

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    Blinds

    A type of window covering made from slats or a roll of material that can be raised or lowered.

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    Shades

    A type of window covering that provides shading and privacy.

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    Pencil Pleat Tape

    A type of fabric heading that creates even folds in the curtains using a sewn tape.

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    What is a pillow?

    A soft, padded bag filled with materials like feathers, wool, or polyester, used to support the head and neck while sleeping or sitting.

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    What is neutral alignment?

    Pillows help keep the head and neck in a neutral position, meaning the head sits squarely on the shoulders without bending back or forward too much.

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    What type of pillow should side sleepers use?

    Side sleepers should use a higher pillow to support their neck and head.

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    What type of pillow should back sleepers use?

    Back sleepers should use a medium-sized pillow to cradle their neck.

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    What type of pillow should stomach sleepers use?

    Stomach sleepers should use a thin or flat pillow, or even no pillow at all.

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    What factors should you consider when choosing a pillow?

    Pillows can be made of different materials, such as feathers, down, memory foam, or polyester.

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    How often should you replace your pillow?

    It's recommended to replace pillows every 12-18 months to maintain their effectiveness and hygiene.

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    Can the wrong pillow cause medical problems?

    Using the wrong pillow can worsen existing problems, such as headaches, neck pain, and shoulder stiffness.

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    Bed Cover Drop

    The measurement from the top of the mattress to the floor, excluding the head side.

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    Frilled Bed Cover

    A type of bed cover with a decorative border of fabric gathered into folds.

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    Frill Length

    The length of the fabric required for the frill of a bed cover, considering fullness and fabric width.

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    Fullness

    The amount of extra fabric added to the actual measurement to allow for ease of movement and a polished look.

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    Duvet Cover

    A covering for a duvet, typically with an opening for inserting and removing the duvet.

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    Table Top Accessories

    Fabric coverings for tables, available in various shapes and sizes.

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    Tablecloth Drop

    The amount of fabric that hangs over the edge of a table, creating a decorative and functional drape.

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    Table Runners

    Narrow fabric strips used on table tops to enhance décor and complement tablecloths.

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    Silk and Organza

    Fabric types suitable for formal events, known for their luxurious appearance but require delicate care.

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    Silk and Rayon

    Fabric types prone to shrinkage, ideal for events but require careful washing.

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    Vinyl

    A fabric type that is durable and easy to clean, suitable for informal dining and outdoor settings.

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    Table Mats

    Items placed on a table to protect the surface from heat and enhance the dining experience.

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    Quilting Table Mats

    A technique used to add insulation and create a reversible table mat.

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    Wadding or Interlining

    Materials used in quilting table mats to provide insulation and create a cushioned surface.

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    Seam Allowance

    The additional seam allowance added to the table mat dimensions to allow for quilting and padding.

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    Pre-shrinking Fabric

    The process of ensuring that fabric does not shrink after washing, essential for table mats.

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    Down/Feathers Pillow

    A type of pillow filling often considered one of the best due to its softness, lightness, loft, and ability to absorb perspiration.

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    How to Choose a Pillow

    A good pillow should bounce back when pressed in the center, indicating its ability to support your head and neck.

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    Bed Sheets: Fitted and Top

    Fitted sheets are designed to fit snugly over the mattress with elastic edges. Top flat sheets lie on top of the fitted sheet.

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    Calculating Fabric Width for Fitted Sheets

    The width of the mattress, depth, tuck-in allowance, and hem are all considered when calculating the fabric required for a fitted sheet.

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    Calculating Fabric Length for Fitted Sheets

    The length of the mattress, depth, tuck-in allowance, and hem are all considered when calculating the fabric required for a fitted sheet.

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    Fabric Width Calculation for Fitted Sheets

    To determine the width of fabric needed for a fitted sheet, measure the width of the mattress, including the depth, and add 12-14 inches for tucking allowance.

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    Fabric Length Calculation for Fitted Sheets

    To determine the length of fabric needed for a fitted sheet, measure the length of the mattress, including the depth, and add 10 inches for hems and tucking allowance.

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    Tuck-In Allowance for Fitted Sheets

    The width of the mattress, including the depth, is added to 12 inches for a double bed and 10 inches for a single bed to determine the fabric width needed for a fitted sheet.

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    What is depth in a fitted sheet?

    The depth of the fitted sheet refers to the distance from the top edge of the mattress to the bottom edge. To calculate the depth, you need to consider the tuck in allowance and seam allowance.

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    What is Tuck in allowance?

    Tuck in allowance is the extra fabric needed to tuck the sheet under the mattress and create a snug fit. This allowance helps to keep the sheet secure and prevents it from coming loose during sleep.

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    What is Seam allowance?

    Seam allowance is the extra fabric left along the edges of the sheet for stitching seams. It ensures that the seams are strong and prevent the fabric from fraying.

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    Why do we cut out the corners on fitted sheets?

    The cut out corners will form a shape that snugly fits the mattress corners. They are designed to create a secure fit and prevent the sheet from bunching up.

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    What is the purpose of elastic in a fitted sheet?

    The elastic is sewn into the top and bottom hems of the fitted sheet to create a snug fit around the mattress and prevent it from slipping off. It provides elasticity and allows the sheet to adjust to different mattress sizes.

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    What is the purpose of the top sheet?

    The top sheet is the flat sheet that goes over the fitted sheet in the bed. It is usually larger than the fitted sheet and is often used for warmth and comfort.

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    What is the purpose of seam allowance when making a pillowcase?

    When making pillowcases, you need to measure the length and width of the pillow and add ¾” all around for seam allowance. This allowance is needed for stitching the seams and ensuring a secure fit.

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    What is the purpose of the overlap on a pillowcase?

    The overlap on a pillowcase is the section of fabric that folds over the pillow opening to create a secure closure. It helps to keep the pillowcase from slipping off and keeps the pillow tucked inside.

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    Study Notes

    Dictionary Definitions

    • Furnishings are fabrics, used to make a house more comfortable, such as curtains or rugs.
    • Household textiles are fabrics used in the home. Common examples include bath towels, table linens, and shower curtains.
    • Textile products can contribute to a home's atmosphere and comfort.
    • Household objects made from fabric, used for a room's decoration, such as cushions, pillows, curtains, and blankets.

    Elements of Design

    • The fundamental aspects of visual design, including shape, color, space, form, line, value, and texture.
    • Designers use these elements to create an image that evokes a specific mood, directs the viewer's eye or creates other feelings.

    Dots

    • A dot is a point on a surface, having different meanings and applications.
    • Mathematicians use it to represent where two lines cross. Storytellers might use it as a full stop.
    • Artists use dots to indicate position.
    • In design, dots can be objects in motion or static.
    • Dots can be used in design to construct lines, define shape, express movement, and symbolize distance.
    • Dots can be any shape or size (e.g., square, triangular, circular).

    Lines

    • A line is a connection between two points.
    • Lines can be used to depict movement, volume, projection, an illusion of depth, a landscape, or structures within an object.
    • Different types of lines exist (e.g., thick, thin, diagonal, straight, wavy, vertical, horizontal, dashed, dotted, zigzag, spiral, etc.)
    • Vertical lines suggest height; horizontal lines evoke calmness or rest; diagonal lines communicate dynamism.
    • Bold lines project strength and masculinity; delicate lines depict weakness and less masculinity. Curved lines suggest organic forms.

    Shapes

    • A shape is an enclosed area with defined boundaries, formed by lines, color, texture or form.
    • Two categories of shapes include organic and geometric.
    • Organic shapes are natural, irregular, and unique, often appearing in nature like plants, animals, rocks etc.
    • Geometric shapes are man-made, regular, and have measurable dimensions (e.g., squares, triangles, circles).
    • Shapes can be used to suggest stability or movement, or to create an exciting feel. They can express ideas, imaginations and feelings

    Texture

    • Texture refers to the surface's roughness or smoothness, which could be tactile or visual.
    • Tactile texture is experienced through touch (e.g., glass, concrete, tree bark).
    • Visual texture is experienced by sight; created by drawing or painting on a surface (e.g., rough, smooth, etc.).
    • Texture can be used to define a shape, highlight form, create an illusion of space and depth, or add aspects of feelings and interest to a design.

    Value/Tone

    • Value refers to the degree of lightness or darkness of a surface.
    • In design, surfaces of objects can be lightened or darkened with shades or tints.
    • Shading (darkening) and Tinting (lightening) can vary the color to show depth.
    • Value can be used to show the appearance of movement, which may lead the eye to an area being in the background.

    Color

    • Color is a product of the wavelengths in light.
    • Colors can be created by mixing and combination of varying hues
    • The different hues are placed in the color wheel for visual understanding
    • Warm colors (Red, Yellow, and Orange) create the feeling of warmth, while cool colors (Blue, Purple, and Green) evoke the feeling of coolness.

    Principles of Design

    • Balance is a state of equilibrium between elements.
      • Symmetrical balance has similar weight on either side of a central point,
      • Asymmetrical balance uses different weights on either side of the central,
      • Radial balance radiates outwards from a centre point.
    • Proportion is the relationship between parts within a whole.
    • Unity is the sense of harmony and completeness of a design.
    • Visual contrast is the difference between elements (e.g., bright-dull, thick thin, etc.).
    • Visual harmony is a balanced and aesthetically pleasing combination of design components.
    • Visual rhythm creates a sense of movement through repetition of elements in a design or piece of art.
    • Emphasis highlights a particular element within the design.
    • Repetition involves using similar elements in visual design.

    Types of Soft Furnishings

    • Loose covers (e.g., cushions, bolsters, quilts, bedspreads, pillows, beanbags, rugs, blankets).
    • Upholstery covers (for furniture).
    • Curtains and drapes
    • Bed linen
    • Other interior accessories.

    Soft Furnishings for Windows

    • Curtains/Draperies
    • Sheers
    • Blinds
    • Shades
    • Valances
    • Pelmets
    • Swags & Tails
    • Tie backs

    Window Fittings

    • Curtain rails/ tracks
    • Poles/rods
    • Rings
    • Hooks
    • Runners (accessories for a curtain)
    • Rings
    • Spring Rods
    • Mounting accessories (for the curtain rails/tracks/ rods)

    Supplies Required for Curtain Making

    • Sewing notions
    • Fabrics
    • Tapes
    • Eyelets
    • Hooks
    • Runners
    • Stiffeners
    • Spring rods/rails

    Types of Curtain Headings

    • Tape heading (pencil pleats)
    • Deep pinch (kirsch)
    • Rufflette (standard/two pocket)
    • French pleats
    • Goblet pleats
    • Pencil pleats
    • Heading with ties/loops
    • Ruched or casing heading
    • Rod pocket heading
    • Looped heading
    • Smocking
    • Grommets/eyelets

    Types of Soft Furnishings

    • Loose covers
      • Cushions, bolsters, quilts, bedspreads, pillows, beanbag,rugs, blankets etc.
    • Upholstery covers (for furniture)
    • Curtains and drapes
    • Bed linen
    • Other interior accessories

    Window Treatments

    • Curtains/draperies
    • Sheers
    • Blinds
    • Shades
    • Valances
    • Pelmets
    • Swags & Tails
    • Tie-backs

    Measuring for Curtains

    • Measure windows horizontally and vertically.
    • Record measurements accurately.
    • Avoid errors.
    • Use appropriate units of measurement, whether inches, cms or any other applicable units.
    • Provide full concentration when making measurements.

    Window Measurements

    • Sill length
    • Floor length

    Formulas for Calculating Fabric

    • Calculate width based on basic width of window, and length required for each panel or drop.
    • Calculate the total fabric required. This needs the basic width and the fullness for each curtain required.
    • Calculate length based on curtain length and the extra hem allowance.

    Making Up Procedures

    • Cut out curtain pieces as per dimensions.
    • Work sides seams or lower hem first.
    • Finish the top heading.
    • Miter or finish corners if required.

    Practical Exercise

    • Produce unlined curtains, unlined curtains with specific headings.
    • A lined curtain
    • Curtains with specific headings.

    Formal Swag and Tails

    • Fabric drape used above windows or doors.
    • Formal swags are made from separate fabric parts to make the swags and tails
    • Informal swags are made from single pieces of fabric, to make similar effect for swags and tails.

    Rhythm

    • Repeating colors, shapes, textures, lines, or space in a design.
    • Varying size, shapes, and lines in sequence.
    • Using a progression of colors.
    • Shifting from one hue to another visually.

    Space

    • Two-dimensional designs are essentially flat.
    • Colors can create a sense of space and illusion of depth
    • Size of images can create a sense of distance
    • Overlapping images can give the idea of depth.

    Emphasis

    • Using contrasting colors and lines.
    • Using different shapes.
    • Making one shape large and one small.
    • Using plain background space.

    Repetition

    • Using similar elements repeatedly.
    • Repetition through elements brings the unity within a piece

    Variety

    • Varying elements of design (colors, shapes, sizes, etc).
    • Viewer's attention is drawn to the differences.
    • Contrast.

    Bed Linen

    • Bed sheets: fitted, top, flat sheets
    • Pillows/cases
    • Bed covers: duvets,
    • Bedspreads

    Comforters

    • A thick, padded, and quilted blanket.
    • Filled with synthetic fibers or down.

    Duvets:

    • Soft flat-bag filled with down feathers
    • Protected by duvet covers

    Pillows

    • A cushion or support for the head, typically filled with soft material.
    • A support for the head, neck, and body while sleeping
    • Aesthetics or decorative purposes

    Bed Skirts

    • Decorative fabric pieces placed between mattress and box spring.
    • Enhance the bed's appearance.
    • Historically used for blocking drafts and dust accumulation

    Table Napkins

    • Functional for preventing spillage while eating
    • Decorative elements placed for an aesthetically pleasing dining experience
    • Made from various fabrics-e.g., cotton, linen, or blends.

    Table Runners

    • Used alone or with a table cloth to protect tables or for decorative purposes.
    • Varying lengths and widths, for different table sizes

    Fabrics

    • Cotton, linen, polyester blends, and vinyl for tablecloths
    • Suitable fabrics for table cloths and their properties.

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    Related Documents

    Soft Furnishings Notes - AFDE 312 PDF

    Description

    Explore the fundamentals of visual design, including key elements such as shape, color, and texture. Additionally, learn about household textiles and their role in creating comfort and atmosphere in a home. This quiz covers essential terms and definitions related to both design and fabrics.

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