Basic Electronic Parameters Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What happens to the current in the circuit as the capacitor charges?

  • The current fluctuates widely.
  • The current decreases over time. (correct)
  • The current increases steadily.
  • The current remains constant.

What is the primary factor affecting the speed at which a capacitor charges or discharges?

  • Resistance in the circuit. (correct)
  • Voltage applied to the circuit.
  • Capacitance of the capacitor.
  • Type of current flowing through.

Which type of current can continuously flow through a capacitor?

  • Direct current (D.C.)
  • Ground current
  • Alternating current (A.C.) (correct)
  • Static current

What occurs when a capacitor is shorted?

<p>It discharges rapidly at first. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does the charging of a capacitor affect the circuit once it is fully charged?

<p>The circuit acts like an open circuit. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of a resistor in an electronic circuit?

<p>To control the flow of current and voltage drops. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following accurately describes voltage?

<p>The difference in charge between two points. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In what unit is power measured?

<p>Watts (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does a resistor color code indicate?

<p>The resistance value of the resistor. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to a resistor when a high current flows through it?

<p>It dissipates energy as heat. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does a ±10% tolerance indicate about a resistor's value?

<p>The resistor's value may vary by up to 10% from its stated value. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In circuit diagrams, what symbol is often used to represent resistance measured in ohms?

<p>R (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is the correct unit for measuring current?

<p>Ampere (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What phenomenon causes blowback voltage in circuits?

<p>Surge of voltage from collapsing magnetic field in an inductor (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of a capacitor?

<p>To store electrical charge (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following materials is typically used as a dielectric in capacitors?

<p>Ceramic (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the unit used to measure capacitance?

<p>Farads (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a significant drawback of electrolytic capacitors compared to non-electrolytic capacitors?

<p>Higher leakage rate and polarity requirement (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does charge build-up occur in a charging capacitor?

<p>Rapid initial current flow followed by slower approach to maximum charge (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In what way can capacitance be increased aside from increasing plate size?

<p>By using a dielectric material between the plates (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement is true about non-electrolytic capacitors?

<p>They do not have polarity issues. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes the total current in a parallel circuit?

<p>It is equal to the sum of individual branch currents. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement about transformers is true?

<p>The turns ratio determines whether the transformer steps up or steps down voltage. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of an inductor?

<p>To store energy in a magnetic field. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What voltage specification is equivalent to a household line voltage of 240 Vac?

<p>It is based on a sinusoidal AC voltage waveform. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How can the voltage between two resistors in series be calculated?

<p>Using the voltage divider formula: Vout = Vin * (R2/(R1 + R2)). (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of stepping down the voltage in a transformer?

<p>The output voltage decreases and the current increases. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes inductive loads from resistive loads?

<p>Inductive loads store energy in magnetic fields, while resistive loads convert energy directly to heat. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of a switch?

<p>It interrupts current flow and can control both AC and DC circuits. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the third colored band on a resistor represent?

<p>The multiplier for the resistance value (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A resistor with color bands of Yellow, Purple, Red, and Gold has what nominal resistance?

<p>4,700 ohms with ±5% tolerance (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which color combination indicates a potentiometer that varies resistance directly with knob rotation?

<p>Linear potentiometer (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In a closed circuit, according to Kirchhoff's current law, which of the following statements is true?

<p>The sum of current entering equals the sum of current exiting a junction (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does a resistor with Red, Red, Red bands indicate for resistance?

<p>2,200 ohms with ±5% tolerance (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

If a resistor has a Brown, Black, Yellow, and Gold color code, what is its resistance and tolerance?

<p>1,000 ohms with ±5% tolerance (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes an open circuit?

<p>A circuit with a break in it (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What value does a resistor with color bands Blue, Grey, Orange, and Gold represent?

<p>68,000 ohms with ±5% tolerance (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Voltage

The difference in electric potential between two points, measured in volts (V).

Current

The flow of electric charge through a conductor, measured in amperes (A).

Conductors

Materials that allow electric current to flow easily.

Resistance

Materials that resist the flow of electric current, measured in ohms (Ω).

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Power

The amount of work done by a circuit per unit time, measured in watts (W).

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Ground

A reference point in a circuit with a minimal voltage. It may not be physically connected to the earth.

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Resistor

A component that limits the flow of current in a circuit, often used to protect other components by preventing excessive current flow.

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Resistor Tolerance

The tolerance of a resistor is the range of possible values it can have. It's expressed as a percentage.

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Resistor Color Bands

The colored bands on a resistor represent the resistance value. The first two bands indicate the digits, the third band is the multiplier (number of zeros), and the fourth band represents the tolerance.

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Resistor Multiplier Band

The multiplier band on a resistor determines how many zeros to add after the first two digits to get the resistance value. For example, a red multiplier band means 2 zeros.

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Resistor Tolerance Band

The tolerance band on a resistor indicates the percentage of variation allowed in the actual resistance value. It tells you how accurate the resistor is.

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Potentiometer

A variable resistor where the resistance can be changed by moving a wiper between two terminals.

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Linear Potentiometer

A type of potentiometer where the resistance changes linearly with the rotation of the knob.

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Logarithmic Potentiometer

A type of potentiometer where the resistance changes exponentially with the rotation of the knob.

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Ohm's Law

The relationship between voltage, current, and resistance in a circuit, expressed as V = IR.

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Closed Circuit

A complete path for current to flow in a circuit, including a load.

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Capacitor charging

The build-up of electrical charge on the plates of a capacitor, caused by the movement of electrons.

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Capacitor discharging

The flow of electrical charge out of a capacitor, as the stored charge is released.

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Capacitor blocking DC

The opposition offered by a fully charged capacitor to the flow of direct current.

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Capacitor allowing AC

The ability of a capacitor to allow alternating current to flow through it, as it charges and discharges with the changing current direction.

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Resistance affects charging/discharging

The rate at which a capacitor charges or discharges is affected by the resistance in the circuit. Higher resistance slows down the process.

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Series Circuit

A circuit where all components are connected in a single path, sharing the same current.

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Parallel Circuit

A circuit where all components are connected in parallel, sharing the same voltage.

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Switch

A mechanical device used to interrupt current flow.

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Voltage Divider

A circuit with two resistors in series, where the voltage drop across each resistor adds up to the total voltage.

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Alternating Current (AC)

A type of electrical current that alternates direction over time, represented by a sinusoidal waveform.

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Inductor

A passive electrical component that stores energy in a magnetic field when current flows through it.

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Transformer

A device that transfers electrical energy from one circuit to another using electromagnetic induction.

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Relay

A switch controlled by an electromagnet, allowing an isolated signal to control current flow.

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Blowback Voltage

A surge of voltage generated in an inductor due to the collapsing magnetic field.

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Capacitor

A component that stores an electrical charge, like a tiny battery.

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Capacitance

The ability of a capacitor to store electrical charge, measured in Farads.

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Dielectric Material

A non-conducting material placed between the plates of a capacitor to increase its capacitance.

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Electrolytic Capacitor

A type of capacitor with a liquid or paste dielectric, offering high capacitance but with polarity and leakage concerns.

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Non-Electrolytic Capacitor

A type of capacitor with a solid dielectric, offering less capacitance but without polarity issues and slower leakage.

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Study Notes

Basic Electronic Parameters and Components

  • Voltage: Difference in charge between two points, measured in volts.
  • Current: Flow of electrons through a conductor/semiconductor, measured in amperes (amps). Current flows from positive to negative. Different materials conduct current differently (conductors, semiconductors, insulators).
  • Power: Determines the amount of work a circuit can do, measured in watts (Watts = Volts x Amps).
  • Ground: Minimum voltage reference level. True ground connects to the earth, but circuits can be "floating ground" if not directly connected.

Resistance

  • Resistors: Measured in ohms. Control current and voltage drop in circuits.
  • Resistor Function: Limit current flow to prevent components like LEDs from being damaged. Resistors also dissipate energy in the form of heat.
  • Resistor Power Rating: Important property: Indicates maximum heat energy a resistor can withstand without damage or causing a fire. Higher currents generate more heat.
  • Resistor Tolerance: Indicates the accuracy of the resistor's value (e.g., ±10% = plus or minus 10%). Values are not exact, and the resistance can be anywhere within the tolerance range.

Resistor Color Code

  • Color Codes: Used to indicate the resistance value of a resistor, saving space on the component.
  • Bands: First two bands represent the first two digits of the resistance, the third band is the multiplier (number of zeros to add), and the fourth band shows the tolerance (accuracy).

Potentiometers

  • Variable Resistors: A wiper moves between two leads, adjusting the resistance according to its position.
  • Linear Pots: Resistance varies directly with the knob rotation.
  • Logarithmic Pots: Resistance varies exponentially with knob rotation.

Ohm's Law

  • Voltage (V) = Current (I) x Resistance (R)
  • Current (I) = Voltage (V) / Resistance (R)
  • Resistance (R) = Voltage (V) / Current (I)

Circuits

  • Closed Loop: Current must flow in a continuous loop through a load.
  • Open Circuit: A break in the circuit.
  • Short Circuit: Insufficient resistance.
  • Series Circuits: Components connected end-to-end, sharing the same current. Total resistance adds up. Total voltage is distributed.
  • Parallel Circuits: Components connected in branches, sharing the same voltage. Total resistance is less than the individual ones added up. Total current is the sum of the individual branch currents.

Switches

  • Mechanical Devices: Interrupt current flow (characterized by number of poles and throws).

Voltage Divider

  • With two resistors in series, the sum of the voltage drop across each equals the total voltage. Using a formula (Vout =Vin * (R2/R1+R2)).

Alternating Current (AC)

  • Alternates sinusoidally over time.
  • Specified by root-mean-square (RMS) values. RMS values are equivalent to DC values that produce the same amount of work.

Inductors

  • Store energy in a magnetic field created by current flow. Often used as filters in AC systems.
  • Strength of the field depends on several factors.

Transformers

  • Devices that change input voltage to a higher or lower output voltage.
  • Input and output power are equal.
  • Primary and secondary coils and determine value (step-up or step-down).

Relays

  • Switches operated by an electromagnet.
  • Controlled by electrically isolated signals. Used in circuits where there needs to be a large current or where a small current can control a large one.
  • Voltage spikes when magnetic field collapses.

Capacitors

  • Store electrical energy in an electric field across its plates.
  • Measured in farads (capacitance).
  • Dielectrics (non-conducting material) between the plates.
  • Types include electrolytic and non-electrolytic.
  • A short circuit discharges them rapidly.

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Description

Test your understanding of basic electronic components and parameters like voltage, current, power, and resistance. This quiz covers key definitions and concepts essential for understanding how circuits operate. Perfect for beginners in electronics!

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