Electron Configuration and Valence Electrons

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Questions and Answers

How many valence electrons does a neutral Cl atom with atomic number 17 have?

  • 5 (correct)
  • 7
  • 8
  • 2

What is the role of valence electrons in determining the chemical properties of an atom/element?

  • Determining the atomic number
  • Controlling the electrical conductivity
  • Controlling the chemical properties and bonding behavior (correct)
  • Determining the number of electron shells

Why are atoms/ions with a filled outmost shell considered stable?

  • Due to a higher number of electron shells
  • Because they have a higher atomic number
  • They have a stable outmost shell with the required number of electrons (correct)
  • They exhibit electrical conductivity

Which group of elements in the periodic table tends to accept 2 electrons during bonding?

<p>Alkaline earth metals (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does each row in the periodic table indicate about the elements within that row?

<p>The number of electron shells and subshells (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do similar valence electron structures in columns of the periodic table affect the properties of elements within those columns?

<p>They influence the types of bonds formed by those elements (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the averaged (over naturally occurring isotope) mass (weight) for one aluminum atom?

<p>$4.48 \times 10^{-23}$ g/mol (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the Bohr model, what are the different 'orbits' or energy levels that electrons can occupy in an atom?

<p>K, L, M (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a correct representation of the electron configuration for a neutral aluminum (Al) atom?

<p>1s^2 2s^2 2p^6 3s^2 3p^1 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between the number of valence electrons and the reactivity of an element?

<p>Elements with fewer valence electrons are more reactive. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the Pauli exclusion principle, and how does it apply to the arrangement of electrons in an atom?

<p>No more than two electrons can occupy the same orbital, and they must have opposite spins. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a characteristic of ionic bonds in materials?

<p>They are formed by the complete transfer of electrons from one atom to another. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between the atomic number (Z) and the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom?

<p>The atomic number is equal to the number of protons in the nucleus. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between the atomic mass (A) and the number of protons and neutrons in an atom?

<p>The atomic mass is equal to the number of protons plus the number of neutrons in the nucleus. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the concept of an isotope?

<p>Isotopes have the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many Al atoms are present, on average, in one gram of aluminum?

<p>$6.022 \times 10^{23}$ Al atoms (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between the number of valence electrons and the type of chemical bond formed between atoms?

<p>The number of valence electrons determines the number of bonds an atom can form, which determines the type of bond. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about the periodic table is correct?

<p>The periodic table is organized by increasing atomic number and decreasing atomic radius. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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