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Questions and Answers
What is the direction of the magnetic field when the current flows clockwise?
According to Faraday's Law, what is the relationship between induced emf and the change in magnetic flux?
In a mass spectrometer, what provides the magnetic force needed for the operation?
What happens when the current in a circuit is decreasing, according to Lenz's law?
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What is the formula for magnetic force provided that $θ = 90°$?
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When a magnet is inserted into a wire loop, what does Faraday's Law state about the induced emf?
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What does the variable 'R' represent in the mass spectrometer context?
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What occurs to the induced current when a magnet is moved into a wire loop?
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Study Notes
Magnetic Field Direction
- The direction of the magnetic field can be determined based on the direction of the current.
- Clockwise current flow results in an inward magnetic field, represented by 'X'.
- Counterclockwise current flow results in an outward magnetic field, represented by '.'.
Derivation of Velocity
- The magnetic force acting on a charged particle is equal to the electric force acting on it.
- The formula for magnetic force is: $F_B = qvB sin θ$, where θ = 90°.
- The formula for electric force is: $F_E = qE$.
- Equating these forces results in: $UB = E$, leading to the velocity equation: $u=E/B$.
Mass Spectrometer
- The same principle of equating magnetic and electric forces applies to mass spectrometers.
- Centripetal force $F_c$ balances the magnetic force $F_B$.
- The equation for centripetal force is: $mu^2/R$.
- Equating this to the magnetic force results in: $R = mu/qB$, where R is the radius of the circular path.
Electromagnetic Induction
- Faraday's Law: A changing magnetic field induces an electromotive force (emf) in a wire loop.
- The induced emf opposes the change in magnetic flux, preventing a sudden change in magnetic field strength (Lenz's Law).
- The emf induced is given by: $ε = -dΦ_B/dt$.
- The negative sign indicates the opposition of the induced emf to the change in flux.
Faraday's - Lenz's Law:
- When the current in a circuit is constant, there is no change in flux, and the induced emf is zero.
- When the current is increasing, the induced emf acts in the opposite direction to the current flow.
- When the current is decreasing, the induced emf acts in the same direction as the current to maintain a steady current temporarily.
Magnetic Flux
- When a magnet is moved into a loop, the magnetic flux direction is clockwise, and the induced current is counterclockwise, increasing the magnetic flux.
- When the magnet is pulled out of the loop, the magnetic flux direction is counterclockwise, and the induced current is clockwise, decreasing the magnetic flux.
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Description
This quiz covers essential concepts in electromagnetism, including magnetic field direction based on current flow, the derivation of velocity due to magnetic and electric forces, and applications like the mass spectrometer. Test your understanding of these fundamental principles with this quiz.
