Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which statement about the Doppler effect is true?
Which statement about the Doppler effect is true?
- It only applies to sound waves.
- It affects the amplitude of electromagnetic waves.
- It can be observed in stationary waves.
- It causes changes in frequency due to relative motion. (correct)
What is a key characteristic of electromagnetic waves?
What is a key characteristic of electromagnetic waves?
- They consist of varying electric and magnetic fields. (correct)
- They can only propagate as longitudinal waves.
- They travel at different speeds in a vacuum.
- They require a medium to travel through.
Why can't longitudinal waves be plane polarized?
Why can't longitudinal waves be plane polarized?
- Their oscillations are perpendicular to wave travel.
- They require a polarizer to change their direction.
- They oscillate in only one direction along the wave. (correct)
- They do not have a defined direction.
How is the intensity of polarized light affected by the angle of the transmission axis?
How is the intensity of polarized light affected by the angle of the transmission axis?
What happens to unpolarized light when it passes through a polarizer?
What happens to unpolarized light when it passes through a polarizer?
Which type of wave can be plane polarized?
Which type of wave can be plane polarized?
What is the relationship between the intensity of transmitted light and the amplitude after being polarized?
What is the relationship between the intensity of transmitted light and the amplitude after being polarized?
What describes the orientation of electric and magnetic fields in electromagnetic waves?
What describes the orientation of electric and magnetic fields in electromagnetic waves?
What is a polarizer used for?
What is a polarizer used for?
Which of the following statements is true concerning polarized light?
Which of the following statements is true concerning polarized light?
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Study Notes
Electromagnetic Spectrum
- Electromagnetic waves are created by vibrations between an electric field and a magnetic field.
- The electric and magnetic fields are at right angles to each other.
- Electromagnetic waves are transverse waves.
- Electromagnetic waves can be used for various applications such as 3D movies, sunglasses, and cameras.
Polarization
- Only transverse waves can be plane polarized.
- All types of electromagnetic waves can be plane polarized.
- Plane polarized waves oscillate in a single direction perpendicular to the direction of wave propagation.
- Longitudinal waves vibrate along the direction of wave travel, meaning they cannot be polarized.
- Sound waves are longitudinal waves and thus cannot be polarized.
Intensity of Polarized Light
- The intensity of polarized light passing through a polarizer is dependent on the angle between the direction of polarization and the transmission axis of the polarizer.
- The intensity of polarized light after passing through a polarizer can be calculated using Malus's Law: I = I0(cosθ)², where I0 is the initial intensity, I is the final intensity, and θ is the angle between the polarization direction and the transmission axis.
- The intensity of polarized light decreases as the angle between the polarization direction and the transmission axis increases.
Polarized Light
- A polarizer allows light waves to pass through if the direction of oscillation of the electric field matches the alignment of the polarizer.
- A polarizer blocks light waves if the alignment of the polarizer is perpendicular to the direction of oscillation of the electric field.
- When unpolarized light passes through a polarizer, the intensity of the light is reduced by half.
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