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Questions and Answers
What is the formula for calculating equivalent conductance ($
λ$)?
What is the formula for calculating equivalent conductance ($ λ$)?
The resistance of a solution decreases as the temperature increases.
The resistance of a solution decreases as the temperature increases.
False
What is the effect of increasing temperature on the conductivity of electrolyte solutions?
What is the effect of increasing temperature on the conductivity of electrolyte solutions?
Conductivity increases with temperature.
The __________ of a salt solution is measured using the Wheatstone bridge.
The __________ of a salt solution is measured using the Wheatstone bridge.
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Match the following terms with their definitions:
Match the following terms with their definitions:
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Which factor is NOT considered when determining the conductance of an electrolyte solution?
Which factor is NOT considered when determining the conductance of an electrolyte solution?
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What is the resistance of a solution if its specific conductance is 0.2 $ohm^{-1} cm^{-1}$ and cell constant is 1.15 cm?
What is the resistance of a solution if its specific conductance is 0.2 $ohm^{-1} cm^{-1}$ and cell constant is 1.15 cm?
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Increasing temperature always leads to a decrease in the conductance of weak electrolytes.
Increasing temperature always leads to a decrease in the conductance of weak electrolytes.
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What happens to the molar conductance of an electrolyte as dilution increases?
What happens to the molar conductance of an electrolyte as dilution increases?
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The degree of dissociation (α) of an electrolyte is defined as the ratio of molecules that dissociate into ions to the total number of molecules.
The degree of dissociation (α) of an electrolyte is defined as the ratio of molecules that dissociate into ions to the total number of molecules.
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According to Kohlrausch's Law, what happens to the contribution of each ion to the conductance of the electrolyte at infinite dilution?
According to Kohlrausch's Law, what happens to the contribution of each ion to the conductance of the electrolyte at infinite dilution?
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The equilibrium reaction for the dissociation of a neutral electrolyte AB is represented as __________.
The equilibrium reaction for the dissociation of a neutral electrolyte AB is represented as __________.
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Match the following concepts with their respective descriptions:
Match the following concepts with their respective descriptions:
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What is the unit of equivalent conductance (λ)?
What is the unit of equivalent conductance (λ)?
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Molar conductance (μ) is defined as the conducting power of all the ions produced by 1 mole of an electrolyte in the solution.
Molar conductance (μ) is defined as the conducting power of all the ions produced by 1 mole of an electrolyte in the solution.
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What happens to the equivalent conductance of strong electrolytes as dilution increases?
What happens to the equivalent conductance of strong electrolytes as dilution increases?
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The ratio of distance between electrodes to the cross-sectional area of each electrode is called the ______.
The ratio of distance between electrodes to the cross-sectional area of each electrode is called the ______.
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Which of the following factors affects specific conductance?
Which of the following factors affects specific conductance?
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Match the concepts with their definitions:
Match the concepts with their definitions:
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What is the relationship between equivalent conductance and degree of dissociation for weak electrolytes?
What is the relationship between equivalent conductance and degree of dissociation for weak electrolytes?
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The equation for cell constant is given by k_{cell} = ______.
The equation for cell constant is given by k_{cell} = ______.
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What is the unit of specific conductance?
What is the unit of specific conductance?
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Electrolytes can conduct electricity only in solid form.
Electrolytes can conduct electricity only in solid form.
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What is the process called when an electrolyte is decomposed by passing an electric current through it?
What is the process called when an electrolyte is decomposed by passing an electric current through it?
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The resistance of a specimen of material 1m in length having 1m² as the area of cross section is defined as specific _____
The resistance of a specimen of material 1m in length having 1m² as the area of cross section is defined as specific _____
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Which of the following involves the determination of cell constant?
Which of the following involves the determination of cell constant?
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In the flow of electricity through a solution, cations move towards the positive electrode.
In the flow of electricity through a solution, cations move towards the positive electrode.
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Define molar conductance.
Define molar conductance.
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What type of solution is most suitable for conductometric titrations?
What type of solution is most suitable for conductometric titrations?
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In conductometry, conductivity and resistance have a directly proportional relationship.
In conductometry, conductivity and resistance have a directly proportional relationship.
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What is the SI unit of electrical conductivity?
What is the SI unit of electrical conductivity?
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In conductometric titrations, the primary variable being measured is ______.
In conductometric titrations, the primary variable being measured is ______.
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Which factors can affect the electrical conductivity of a solution?
Which factors can affect the electrical conductivity of a solution?
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Match the following titration types with their characteristics:
Match the following titration types with their characteristics:
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The equivalence point in a conductometric titration is indicated by a maximum change in electrical conductivity.
The equivalence point in a conductometric titration is indicated by a maximum change in electrical conductivity.
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What advantage does conductometric titration have over other methods?
What advantage does conductometric titration have over other methods?
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What does λ∞ represent?
What does λ∞ represent?
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Ionic conductance is inversely proportional to the ionic mobility.
Ionic conductance is inversely proportional to the ionic mobility.
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What is the mathematical representation of Kohlrausch's law at infinite dilution for a weak electrolyte?
What is the mathematical representation of Kohlrausch's law at infinite dilution for a weak electrolyte?
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The absolute ionic mobility of an ion is expressed in terms of _____ per cm under a potential gradient of one volt.
The absolute ionic mobility of an ion is expressed in terms of _____ per cm under a potential gradient of one volt.
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Match the type of titration with its expected conductance behavior:
Match the type of titration with its expected conductance behavior:
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In which titration is conductance initially slow to increase after the addition of OH- ions?
In which titration is conductance initially slow to increase after the addition of OH- ions?
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Conductometric titrations can provide accurate results for colored solutions.
Conductometric titrations can provide accurate results for colored solutions.
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What happens to the conductance during a strong acid-strong base titration after complete neutralization?
What happens to the conductance during a strong acid-strong base titration after complete neutralization?
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Study Notes
Electrolytic Conductance
- Electrolytes are substances forming ions in solution, conducting electricity
- Examples: NaCl, KCl
- Electrolysis is the decomposition of an electrolyte by an electric current
Electrolytic Cell
- An electrolytic cell is the apparatus for electrolysis
- It consists of electrodes (metallic rods/strips/wires) dipped in an electrolyte solution
- Electrodes connected to battery terminals attract oppositely charged ions (anions to anode, cations to cathode)
Resistance and Conductivity
- Resistance opposes current flow
- Conductivity is the ability of a solid or solution to pass an electric current
- Units: resistivity (ohm-meter), conductivity (Siemens/meter)
Molar Conductance
- Molar conductance (μ) is the conducting power of all ions produced by 1 mole of an electrolyte
- μ = k × V (k = specific conductance, V = volume)
- Units: ohm⁻¹ cm² mol⁻¹
Equivalent Conductance
- Equivalent conductance (λ) is the conducting power of all ions produced by one gram equivalent of an electrolyte
- λ = k × V
- Units: ohm⁻¹ cm² eqvt⁻¹
Variation with Dilution
- Specific conductance decreases with dilution (less ion concentration)
- Equivalent and molar conductance increase with dilution (more dissociation)
- Limitiing values at infinite dilution (zero concentration)
Cell Constant
- Cell constant is the ratio of distance between electrodes to the cross-sectional area of electrodes
- Unit: cm⁻¹ or m⁻¹
Measurement of Electrolytic Conductance
- Conductance is the reciprocal of resistance
- Measured using a Wheatstone bridge
- A conductivity cell containing the solution is positioned in the bridge circuit
- The resistance of the cell is determined by adjustment of the resistance box.
- The cell constant is used to calculate the conductance of the electrolytic solution.
Conductometric Titrations
- Titrations using conductance to determine the endpoint (i.e., the point of complete reaction)
- Used for strong-acid vs strong-base, weak-acid vs strong-base and strong-acid vs weak-base titrations
- Endpoint detected graphically by plotting conductance vs volume of added titrant
- Titration curve shows characteristic changes in conductance correlating with the reaction process
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Description
This quiz covers key concepts of electrolytic conductance, electrolysis, and the functioning of electrolytic cells. Explore the definitions, examples, and the significance of resistance, conductivity, and molar conductance. Test your understanding of these fundamental topics in electrochemistry.
