Electrolytes and Dissociation in Water Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary mechanism by which water molecules move across cell membranes?

  • Osmosis driven by pressure gradients across semipermeable membranes
  • Active transport using ATP as an energy source
  • Simple diffusion driven by concentration gradients
  • Facilitated diffusion through aquaporin channels (correct)
  • Which hormone is primarily responsible for regulating water reabsorption in the kidneys?

  • Glucagon
  • Cortisol
  • Insulin
  • Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) (correct)
  • In the context of water dissociation, what is the significance of the equilibrium constant (Keq) value of 1.8 × 10^-16 at 25°C?

  • It suggests that water does not dissociate at all at 25°C.
  • It indicates that water is a strong electrolyte at 25°C.
  • It shows that water is a weak electrolyte and only partially dissociates at 25°C. (correct)
  • It means that water dissociates completely into ions at 25°C.
  • What condition is characterized by an inability to concentrate urine due to a deficiency or insensitivity to antidiuretic hormone (ADH)?

    <p>Diabetes insipidus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If water is a weak electrolyte, what can be inferred about the concentration of hydrogen ions (H+) and hydroxide ions (OH-) in pure water at 25°C?

    <p>The concentrations of H+ and OH- are both low.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about osmosis is correct?

    <p>Osmosis is the movement of water molecules across a semipermeable membrane from a region of higher solute concentration to a region of lower solute concentration.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about aquaporin channels is correct?

    <p>Aquaporin channels are protein channels that facilitate the passive transport of water molecules across cell membranes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of antidiuretic hormone (ADH) in water balance regulation?

    <p>ADH promotes water reabsorption in the kidneys, leading to decreased urine production.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following conditions is characterized by the inability to concentrate urine due to a deficiency or insensitivity to antidiuretic hormone (ADH)?

    <p>Diabetes insipidus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about weak electrolyte dissociation is correct?

    <p>Weak electrolytes partially dissociate in water, forming a mixture of ions and neutral molecules.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about osmosis is correct?

    <p>Osmosis is the diffusion of water molecules from a region of higher water concentration to a region of lower water concentration across a semipermeable membrane.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is responsible for regulating water balance in the body by controlling the reabsorption of water in the kidneys?

    <p>Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of weak electrolyte dissociation, what is meant by the term 'weak electrolyte'?

    <p>A substance that dissociates partially into ions when dissolved in water, with the extent of dissociation depending on the concentration.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are aquaporin channels, and what is their role in osmosis?

    <p>Aquaporin channels are protein channels found in cell membranes that facilitate the diffusion of water molecules across the membrane, playing a crucial role in osmosis.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is diabetes insipidus, and how is it related to the regulation of water balance in the body?

    <p>Diabetes insipidus is a condition characterized by excessive urination and increased thirst due to a deficiency or insensitivity to antidiuretic hormone (ADH), which leads to impaired water reabsorption in the kidneys.</p> Signup and view all the answers

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