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Questions and Answers
What is the process of chemical decomposition of a substance using an electric current called?
What is the type of electrolysis where a chemical reaction generates an electric current?
At which electrode does oxidation occur?
What is the purpose of electrolysis in metal extraction?
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What is the effect of increasing the concentration of electrolyte on the rate of electrolysis?
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What is the application of electrolysis in depositing a thin layer of a metal onto another metal?
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Study Notes
Overview of Electrolysis
- Electrolysis is a process of chemical decomposition of a substance using an electric current.
- It involves the transfer of ions between two electrodes, an anode and a cathode, immersed in an electrolyte.
Types of Electrolysis
- Galvanic Electrolysis: Spontaneous reaction, where a chemical reaction generates an electric current (e.g., battery).
- Electrolytic Electrolysis: Non-spontaneous reaction, where an electric current drives a chemical reaction (e.g., electrolysis of water).
Electrolysis Process
-
Anode:
- Oxidation reaction occurs (loss of electrons)
- Species is oxidized (e.g., Cl- → Cl2)
-
Cathode:
- Reduction reaction occurs (gain of electrons)
- Species is reduced (e.g., H+ → H2)
Applications of Electrolysis
- Extraction of metals: Electrolysis is used to extract metals from their ores, such as aluminum and copper.
- Production of chemicals: Electrolysis is used to produce chemicals like chlorine, oxygen, and hydrogen.
- Electroplating: Electrolysis is used to deposit a thin layer of a metal onto another metal, such as chrome plating.
Factors Affecting Electrolysis
- Voltage: Increasing voltage increases the rate of electrolysis.
- Current: Increasing current increases the rate of electrolysis.
- Concentration of electrolyte: Increasing concentration of electrolyte increases the rate of electrolysis.
- Temperature: Increasing temperature increases the rate of electrolysis.
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Description
Discover the process of electrolysis, types of electrolysis, the electrolysis process, applications, and factors affecting electrolysis. Learn about galvanic and electrolytic electrolysis, anode and cathode reactions, and more.
