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Explain the difference between galvanic and electrolytic cells in an electrochemical context.
Galvanic cells convert chemical energy into electrical energy through spontaneous redox reactions, while electrolytic cells use electrical energy to drive non-spontaneous redox reactions.
What is the Nernst equation and how is it used to calculate the emf of a galvanic cell?
The Nernst equation relates the emf of a galvanic cell to the concentrations of reactants and products at non-standard conditions. It is used to calculate the emf of a galvanic cell when the concentrations of species are not at their standard states.
How is the standard potential of a cell related to the Gibbs energy of the cell reaction and its equilibrium constant?
The standard potential of a cell is related to the Gibbs energy of the cell reaction and its equilibrium constant through the equation ΔG = -nFE°, where ΔG is the Gibbs energy change, n is the number of moles of electrons transferred, F is the Faraday constant, and E° is the standard cell potential.
Define resistivity, conductivity, and molar conductivity of ionic solutions.
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What is the significance of Kohlrausch's law in the context of ionic solutions?
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