Electro Physical Agents Part 2

Questions and Answers

What is characteristic of direct current (DC)?

It ceases periodically for milliseconds.

It has an uninterrupted and unidirectional flow of charged particles. (correct)

It involves bidirectional flow of charged particles.

It can change direction at least once a second.

How do like charges interact with each other?

Like charges combine to form neutral charge.

Like charges repulse each other. (correct)

Like charges attract each other.

Like charges have no effect on each other.

What defines alternating current (AC)?

Unidirectional flow of charged particles.

Constant strength and resistance.

Bidirectional flow changing direction at least once a second. (correct)

Flow of charged particles with a duration of less than one second.

What property describes the relationship between electrical charge and living cells?

Electrical charge is the primary mechanism for cell communication. Signup and view all the answers

What is a key feature of pulsed current?

It periodically ceases for brief moments. Signup and view all the answers

What effect results from the accumulation of charge in direct current (DC)?

Chemical or polarity effect. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following correctly describes an insulator with regard to electrical charge?

An insulator has high resistance to electrical charge. Signup and view all the answers

Which application would most likely use alternating current (AC)?

Interferential current. Signup and view all the answers

What type of charge is involved in the therapeutic use of electrical agents?

Both positive and negative charges. Signup and view all the answers

What is the driving force in an electric circuit that affects current flow?

Voltage. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Pulsed Current Characteristics

Essential characteristics include waveform type and shape, pulse frequency, and pulse duration.
Waveform examples include symmetrical biphasic square.
An example of pulse frequency is 50 Hz, while pulse duration might be 400 microseconds.

Voltage

Voltage represents the potential energy created by an electric field; it drives electron movement.
Measured in volts (V) or millivolts (mV).

Conductors and Insulators

Conductors allow free movement of ions or electrons; examples are metals, water, muscle, and nerve tissues.
Insulators restrict charged particle movement; examples include rubber and plastic.

Ohm’s Law and Electrical Properties

Current denotes the free flow of charged particles in response to applied voltage.
Resistance opposes current flow and can vary in the human body.
Charge is transferable, exists in positive and negative forms; net negativity is termed cathode, net positivity is anode.

Types of Electric Current

Direct Current (DC): Continuous unidirectional flow of charged particles for at least 1 second. Used in iontophoresis to push ions into tissues.
Alternating Current (AC): Bidirectional flow that changes direction at least once per second, characterized by frequency (measured in Hz).
Pulsed Current: Can mimic AC or DC, consisting of intermittent unidirectional or bidirectional flow that ceases temporarily before the next pulse. Commonly used in devices like TENS.

Properties of Electrical Charge

Charge exists in two types: positive and negative.
Like charges repel, while opposite charges attract.
Charge is measured in coulombs (C) and is fundamental for therapeutic applications.

Description

This quiz focuses on the principles of electro physical agents, highlighting the concepts of electricity including charge and electron flow. It covers essential topics relevant to physical therapy in understanding the application of electricity in treatments.