20 Questions
What is the frequency range for microwaves?
0.5 - 2450 MHz
Which type of tissues or organs better absorb electromagnetic energy due to high water content?
Soft tissues and organs
What is the wavelength for shortwave diathermy (SWD)?
11 m
What is the main effect of high-frequency currents on the body?
Thermal effect
Where is high-frequency heat produced inside the body?
Inside the body due to electromagnetic radiation absorption
What is the action mechanism for high-frequency heat production?
Electromagnetic energy absorption in tissues with high water content
Which type of SWD application uses rigid plate electrodes and has strong electrical and weak magnetic energy absorption?
Capacitive
Which type of SWD application uses inductive coil applicators and has strong magnetic fields?
Inductive
Which type of SWD application can heat high impedance tissues more effectively by using electric fields perpendicular to tissues?
Transversal/contraplanar
Which type of SWD application is more effective for low impedance tissues like liquids by using parallel electric fields?
Longitudinal
What is the path of least resistance followed in coplanar SWD applications?
Through blood vessels
What is an absolute contraindication for SWD applications?
Pregnancy
What is the recommended minimum distance for placing high-frequency devices in separate rooms?
2 meters
Where should the control console be placed in relation to the room for electrotherapy devices?
Next to the room entrance
What is a safety precaution for therapists applying electromagnetic radiation from shortwave devices with capacitor-type electrodes?
2 m away from the unit, electrodes, and cables
What should be avoided in the placement of electrotherapy devices in the working area?
Including more than one high-frequency device per room
What is a recommended material for furniture in the electrotherapy area to minimize radiomagnetic fields?
Wooden material
What is a precaution for maternity protection regarding high-frequency applications?
Keeping pregnant women far from high-frequency devices
What characterizes High Frequency due to its effect inside the human body?
Deep thermal effect
Which type of application produces effects without the tissue’s temperature increase?
Pulsed shortwave (PSWD) application
Study Notes
- SWD applications come in two main types: capacitive and inductive
- Capacitive applications use rigid plate electrodes and have strong electrical and weak magnetic energy absorption
- Capacitive applications can be divided into transversal/contraplanar, longitudinal, and coplanar
- Transversal/contraplanar applications use electric fields perpendicular to tissues and can heat high impedance tissues more effectively
- Longitudinal applications use parallel electric fields and are more effective for low impedance tissues like liquids
- Coplanar applications place both electrodes on the same side of the limb and follow the path of least resistance through blood vessels
- Inductive applications use inductive coil applicators and have strong magnetic fields
- SWD applications can be used for pain control, wound healing, nerve healing, and bone healing
- SWD applications can also be used for circulatory disorders, inflammatory processes, and post-traumatic disorders
- Precautions for SWD applications include avoiding heat burns, contact to the skin, skin hypersensitivity, and areas of impaired circulation
- Absolute contraindications include malignant tumors, pacemakers, pregnancy, tuberculosis, and chronic rheumatoid arthritis in the acute phase
- Technical differences between SWD and microwave diathermy include the production mechanism, wavelength, and frequency
- Clinical differences between SWD and microwave diathermy include the depth of penetration, application possibilities, and ability to use pulsed applications.
Test your knowledge of high-frequency currents, shortwave diathermy, microwaves, dosimetry, indications, precautions, contraindications, differences between microwave and shortwave diathermy, and security and protection using high frequency devices.
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