Electricity Quiz for Physics Class 10
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Questions and Answers

What is the smallest particle of an element that is capable of independent existence?

Atom

What is the smallest particle of matter (an element or a compound) that is capable of free existence?

Molecule

What is the driving force behind current flow?

  • Electric Voltage (correct)
  • Electric Current
  • Electric Potential Difference
  • Electric Resistance

    • What is the unit of voltage?

    <p>Volt</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the motion or transfer of charges from one region of a conductor to another?

    <p>Electric Current</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the difference in the electric potentials of two charged bodies?

    <p>Electric Potential Difference</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the property of a material that limits the amount of flow of current and converts electric energy to heat energy?

    <p>Electric Resistance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the unit of resistance?

    <p>Ohm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is not a source of electric current?

    <p>Gravity from Earth's pull</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the equation for finding the total resistance in a series circuit?

    <p>$R_T = R_1 + R_2 + R_3 + ... + R_n$</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the equation for finding the total resistance in a parallel circuit?

    <p>$\frac{1}{R_T} = \frac{1}{R_1} + \frac{1}{R_2} + \frac{1}{R_3} + ... + \frac{1}{R_n}$</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In a series circuit, the current is the same throughout the circuit.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In a parallel circuit, the voltage is the same across each branch.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the rate at which electrical energy is expended or used up?

    <p>Electrical Power</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the equation for calculating electrical power?

    <p>$P = VI$</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the equation for calculating electrical energy consumption?

    <p>$W = Pt$</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the cost of electrical energy consumed?

    <p>Energy Charge</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the user’s highest rate at which energy is consumed in kilowatts?

    <p>Maximum Demand</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the billing fee related to the maximum charge?

    <p>Demand Charge</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The basic method of electricity generation was discovered by who in the 1820s and early 1830s?

    <p>Michael Faraday</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is not a common method of electricity generation?

    <p>Kinetic Power</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a conventional source of electrical power generation?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the devices that transform voltage from high to low, or low to high, in a power system?

    <p>Substations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a key function of distribution substations?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the device that provides the final voltage transformation in the electric power distribution system, stepping down the voltage used in the distribution lines to the level used by the customer?

    <p>Distribution Transformer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of electrical wire is commonly used for feeder lines in a power system?

    <p>Three-phase 4-wire</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The first use of electric supply was established in 1882 by Thomas Edison.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In 1947-48, India only generated 4.1 billion kWh.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name given to the protective device that connects parts of the electric circuit with the ground?

    <p>Earthing System</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of these are applications of Earthing?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the two classes of protection used in electrical systems?

    <p>Both A and B</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The most common ground plane for large monopole antennas and some other kinds of radio antennas is the earth.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Domestic electricity supply is usually affected through distribution system and described as single and three phases.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In a three phase system, the voltage between any two of the phases is 415 volts.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The voltage between any phase wire and the neutral wire in a typical three-phase system is 240 volts.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is not a common type of wiring system used in buildings?

    <p>Air Wiring</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the type of wiring where insulated wires are held to the walls and ceiling by means of porcelain cleats?

    <p>Cleat</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of wiring is commonly used for wiring inside walls and ceilings, providing better protection and a neater finish?

    <p>Conduit</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A cable consists of three parts - Conductor, Insulation and External Protection?

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of these is not a common type of cable insulation?

    <p>Glass Insulated</p> Signup and view all the answers

    It is recommended to bend cables abruptly to minimize strain.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the three basic application of electricity?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    All electrical appliances requiring a current of less than 5A should be fitted with an earth or ground wire.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Modern filament lamps use a tungsten wire, nitrogen and argon.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of these is not a type of electric lamp?

    <p>Fiber Optic</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A Carbon lamp consists of two carbon rods connected to an electricity supply that produces a very intense light.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The execution of an entire electrical installation should only be done by a licensed electrician.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A distribution board is a component of an electricity supply system which divides an electrical power feed into subsidiary circuits, while providing a protective fuse or circuit breaker for each circuit in a common enclosure.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A transformer can transfer and deliver energy by changing the amount of voltage and current.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of these is not a type of transformer?

    <p>None of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of an electric substation?

    <p>Voltage Transformation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does The Electric Act 2003 seek to bring about?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a primary objective of The Electric Act 2003?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The Electric Act 2003 aims to ensure a balanced approach between the private sector and government control.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Module 1: Building Electrical Systems

    • This module covers building electrical systems, encompassing topics such as electricity theory, building electrical materials and equipment, and building electrical design principles.

    Topics to be Discussed

    • Electricity Theory
    • Building Electrical Materials and Equipment
    • Building Electrical Design Principles

    Electrical Theory

    • Electricity: A property of matter arising from the presence or movement of electric charge. Matter is fundamentally electrical in nature.

    Structure of Matter

    • Matter: Occupies space and has mass.
    • Atom: The smallest particle of an element capable of independent existence.
    • Molecule: The smallest particle of matter, an element or a compound, that can exist independently.
    • Element: A substance that cannot be chemically broken down further.
    • Compound: A combination of two or more elements.
    • Mixture: A material composed of two or more substances that retain their individual properties.

    Basic Data about the Atom

    • Proton: Positively charged particle.
    • Electron: Negatively charged particle.
    • Neutron: Neutral particle.
    • Atomic Number: Represents the number of protons or electrons in an atom.
    • Atomic Mass: Represents the sum of protons and neutrons in an atom.
    • Ion: An atom or group of atoms with an unequal number of protons and electrons, hence having a net positive or negative charge
    • Shell: Energy levels or regions around the nucleus of an atom where electrons orbit. The atom has 5 shells (K, L, M, N, O).
    • Valence Electrons: The electrons in the outermost shell (valence shell) or orbit of an atom.
    • Proton Charge: 1.602 x 10-19 C, positive
    • Proton Mass: 1.672 x 10-27 kg
    • Electron Charge: 1.602 x 10-19 C, negative
    • Electron Mass: 9.107 x 10-31 kg
    • Neutron Mass: 1.672 x 10-27 kg

    Electrical Classification of Materials

    • Electrical Conductors: Materials that allow relatively free passage of current when connected to a power source..
    • Electrical Insulators: Materials with low conductivity or high resistance to current flow. Also known as dielectrics.
    • Electric Semiconductors: Materials with conductivity midway between conductors and insulators.

    Electrical Current

    • Electric Current (I): The motion or transfer of charges from one region of a conductor to another. Unit: Ampere (A).

    Sources of Electric Current

    • Static electricity: Generated from friction.
    • Thermoelectricity: Generated from heat.
    • Piezoelectricity: Generated from pressure.
    • Electrochemistry: Generated from chemical action.
    • Photoelectricity: Generated from light.
    • Magnetoelectricity: Generated from magnetism.

    Fundamental Units of Electricity

    • Electric Voltage (V or E): The driving force behind current flow. Unit: Volt (V).
    • Electric Current (I): The motion or transfer of charges. Unit: Ampere (A).
    • Electric Potential Difference: Difference in electric potentials between two bodies. Unit: Volt (V).
    • Electric Resistance (R): The property of a material that limits the flow of current and converts electrical energy to heat energy. Unit: Ohm (Ω).

    Ohm's Law

    • At steady-state and constant temperature, voltage across a resistor is directly proportional to the current flowing through it.
    • V = IR, R = V/I, I = V/R Where:
    • V=Voltage in volts
    • I=Current in amperes
    • R=Resistance in ohms

    Conditions for Ohm's Law

    • Ohm's law applies to the entire circuit or a part of a circuit.
    • Use the part resistance and the potential difference across that part resistance for part circuit applications. 
    • The law can be applied in DC and AC circuits.

    Limitations of Ohm's Law

    • Not applicable to metals that heat up due to flowing current.
    • Not applicable to electrolytes with high gas production on the electrodes.
    • Not applicable to vacuum radio valves, arc lamps, and gas-filled devices.
    • Not applicable to semiconductors and devices where the operation depends on the direction of current.

    Electrical Power

    • Electrical Power (P): The rate at which electrical energy is used or converted. Unit: Watt (W).
    • P = VI, P = V2/R, P = I2R Where:
    • P=electrical power in watts
    • V=Voltage in volts
    • I=Current in amperes
    • R=Resistance in ohms

    Energy

    • Energy: The capacity to do work. Unit: Joule (J).
    • Electrical Energy Consumption: The rate at which electrical power is consumed over a specific period. Unit: Wh or kWh
    • W = Pt where:
    • W=electrical energy consumed
    • P=electrical power
    • t=time

    Electric Circuit

    • Electric Circuit: A collection of electrical elements interconnected in a specific way to allow for current flow.
    • A circuit consists of a source, conducting parts and a load.

    Closed, Open and Short Circuits

    • Closed Circuit: An uninterrupted path allowing continuous current flow.
    • Open Circuit: An interrupted path preventing current flow.
    • Short Circuit: An unintended path allowing current flow, bypassing the intended components.

    Types of Circuit Connections

    • Series Circuit: Circuit elements are connected end-to-end in a single path.
    • Parallel Circuit: Circuit elements are connected with each component having the same voltage. 
    • Series-parallel Circuit & Parallel-series Circuit: Combinations of series and parallel circuits.

    Series Circuits

    • Properties: All elements share the same current. There is a voltage drop across each resistance. The sum of voltage drops equals the applied voltage.
    • Equivalent Resistance (RT): Sum of individual resistances: RT = R1 + R2 + R3 + ... + RN

    Sample Problems (Series Circuits)

    • Solve for equivalent resistance, circuit current and voltage drops across individual components.

    Sample Problems (Electrical Power/Energy)

    • Examples are provided to calculate values using the provided formulas.

    Parallel Circuits

    • Properties: All elements share the same voltage; multiple current paths exist. The total current equals the sum of branch currents; each branch current is determined by Ohm's Law in each branch.
    • Equivalent Resistance (1/RT) = 1/R1 + 1/R2. + . . . + 1/ RN

    ### Sample Problems (Parallel Circuits)

    • Examples are provided to solve for equivalent resistance, current, and voltage across components

    Cost of Electrical Energy

    • Energy Charge: The cost of electrical energy consumed.
    • Maximum Demand: The highest rate of energy consumption in kilowatts.
    • Demand Charge: The billing fee related to the maximum demand.

    Electrical Systems in a Building

    • Syllabus outlines the topics for the building electrical systems, including basics of electricity, single/three-phase supply, protective devices. Earthing, types of wires, wiring systems planning electrical wiring, distribution boards, transformers, and switch gears and layouts of substations.

    Introduction

    • Historical background and factors impacting the success of electric lighting installations in buildings.

    Electricity Generation, Transmission and Distribution

    • This section focuses on electric power generation, transmission, and distribution systems.

    Generation of Electric Power

    • Methods for generating electricity from various sources like wind, hydro, and fossil fuels.
    • Electricity generation processes and the roles of mechanical motion, fuel.
    • Common electrical power generation sources such as thermal and hydroelectric power plants as well as nuclear power stations.

    Transmission of Electric Power

    • Overhead transmission lines, Unit Transformer and Substations: How electrical energy is efficiently transported across long distances.

    Substation

    • Explanation of this critical element and its functions, importance and layouts in the area

    The Electric Act 2003

    • Act background, goals and features.

    Load Calculation Methods

    • Explains how to calculate load and identify correct wiring and breaker sizes.

    Mounting Heights of Wiring Devices

    • Identifies appropriate heights for different wiring devices.

    Additional Topics

    • Discussion of related topics such as conductors and insulation for electrical systems, electrical appliances, electric installations execution.

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    Description

    Test your knowledge on the fundamentals of electricity with this quiz designed for Physics Class 10. Questions cover the basic concepts such as current flow, voltage, resistance, and more. Challenge yourself to make sure you understand these essential principles of physics.

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