Questions and Answers
1,000 watts is equal to how many kilowatts?
Another name for microcurrent is?
sinusoidal
What is the indirect method in EMS?
the method where a salon professional wears a wristband with a moistened electrode
An amp is a unit of electric?
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What is the fifth type of electrode mentioned?
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What does an Underwriters Laboratory (UL) designation indicate?
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What method of high-frequency current is used when the client holds the active electrode?
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What effect is created when an electric current travels through a water-based solution?
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Which electrotherapy treatment can help in deep-pore cleansing?
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Fluorescent lighting is an economical and long-lasting light source.
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Which current has chemical effects caused by passing through acid or alkaline solutions?
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A current in which electrons move at an even rate and flow in only one direction is called?
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What is the process of forcing an acid or alkali into the skin by applying current?
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How many watts equal one kilowatt?
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What is the longest wavelength?
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Electric current in a conductor causes heat by?
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What is true of visible light?
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The electrode that is negatively charged during an electrotherapy treatment is known as?
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What type of outlet is recommended for areas where water and electricity could come into contact?
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Which type of light can be broken into its individual wavelengths by a prism?
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Which type of light has the shortest wavelength?
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What is the minimum distance an infrared lamp must be placed from the client's face during a facial?
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What can occur any time a foreign conductor comes in contact with a wire carrying current to an appliance?
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EMS is an alternating current used during scalp and facial massage to cause?
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Which benefit is derived from UV light?
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What changes alternating current to direct current?
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What is NOT a temporary effect of the positive pole of galvanic current?
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What temporary effect will a negative electrode pole produce when applying galvanic current?
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A volt measures?
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An alternating current that can be adjusted to different voltages to produce heat is?
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Incandescent light normally produces what color tones in objects it lights?
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Most of the electricity you use daily consists of a flow of tiny, negatively charged particles called?
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A volt is a unit of electric?
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Materials that best transport electricity are called?
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What uses a positive pole or electrode to force positively charged solutions into the skin?
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Study Notes
Electricity Basics
- 1 kilowatt equals 1,000 watts, a unit of power.
- An amp is a unit measuring electric strength.
Electrotherapy
- Microcurrent is also known as sinusoidal current.
- EMS (Electrical Muscle Stimulation) involves an indirect method with a wristband and moistened electrode.
- High-frequency currents can be applied indirectly when the client holds the active electrode.
- Electrochemical effects are created when electric current travels through water-based solutions.
- Desincrustation is an electrotherapy treatment used for deep-pore cleansing.
- Phoresis is the process of using current to drive acids or alkalis into the skin.
Electric Components
- The most common electrodes include comb, rake, wrist, carbon, and massage roller electrodes.
- The cathode is the negatively charged electrode during treatments.
- A volt measures the pressure that pushes electrons through a circuit.
Lighting and Current Types
- Fluorescent lighting is economical and long-lasting.
- Galvanic current causes chemical effects through acid or alkaline solutions in tissue.
- Direct current flows in one direction, while alternating current can be adjusted to produce heat.
- High-frequency current is also an alternating type used for muscle contractions in massage.
Safety and Standards
- Underwriters Laboratory (UL) designation indicates safety certification for appliances.
- GFCI (Ground Fault Circuit Interrupter) outlets are recommended in wet areas to prevent electrical hazards.
Light Properties
- Visible light waves can be absorbed or reflected when they hit an object.
- White light can be broken into individual wavelengths with a prism, whereas ultraviolet light has the shortest wavelengths.
- Infrared rays have the longest wavelengths, and the minimum distance for infrared lamps from a client’s face is 30 inches.
Electrical Properties
- Conductors are materials that effectively transport electricity.
- Short circuits can occur when a foreign conductor contacts a live wire.
- Increasing resistance in the line generates heat due to electric current.
Benefits and Effects
- UV light in small doses can help tan the skin.
- Negative electrode during galvanic current increases blood flow.
- The positive pole of galvanic current does not soften tissue; this is a misconception.
Miscellaneous
- Incandescent light produces redder tones in illuminated objects.
- Most daily electricity usage involves the movement of electrons (negatively charged particles).
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