Electricity Flashcards

Electrical Units and Concepts

• Ohm: SI unit for electrical resistance, where 1 ohm allows a current of 1 ampere with a potential difference of 1 volt.
• Ampere (Amp): Unit measure for electric current; describes the flow rate of electric charge.
• Joule: SI unit of energy; equivalent to 1 newton acting over a distance of 1 meter.
• Watt: SI unit of power, defined as 1 joule per second.
• Farad: The SI unit of capacitance, measuring a capacitor's ability to store charge.
• Coulomb: SI unit of electric charge; represents the charge carried by 1 ampere over 1 second, or approximately 6.24 x 10^18 protons.
• Volt: SI unit of electric potential, defined as joules per coulomb (J/C); relates to current and resistance through Ohm’s Law.
• Voltage: The potential difference expressed in volts, driving current through a circuit.

Current and Resistance

• Current: Flow of electric charge over time, measured in amperes, representing the amount passing through a point in one second.
• Resistance: Impedance to electric current flow, measured in ohms; it is calculated as voltage divided by current (R = V/I).

Circuits and Electricity

• Circuit: Complete path allowing electricity to flow continuously.
• Electricity: Phenomena tied to electromagnetic force, primarily involving electron movement.
• Charge: Property of elementary particles that defines electric force interaction, quantified in coulombs.

Conductors and Insulators

• Conductor: Material (like metals) that permits the easy flow of electricity.
• Insulator: Material (like ceramics) that resists the flow of electricity.

Relationships and Fields

• Inverse Square Relationship: Quantity inversely proportionate to the square of another, such as gravitational and electrical forces based on distance.
• Electric Field: Space around a charged object indicated by the force experienced per unit charge, measured in newtons per coulomb (E = F/q).

Potential Energy and Voltage

• Electric Potential Energy: Work needed to move a charge within an electric field, measured in joules.
• Electric Potential: Also known as voltage, defined as electric potential energy per unit charge (V = EPE/q).

Additional Definitions

• Ampere: Current unit defined as 1 coulomb per second; related to magnetic force between parallel wires.
• Ohm's Law: Principle stating resistance equals voltage divided by current (R = V/I).
• Power: Rate of energy conversion, measured in watts or joules per second; calculated by multiplying current and voltage (P = IV).

Unique States of Matter

• Plasma: Fourth state of matter where atoms lose electrons, forming an ionized gas capable of conducting electricity; energy is required for its creation.
• Capacitance: Ability to store electric potential energy in a field; indicates how much energy a capacitor can store based on voltage.

Test your knowledge of basic electrical terms with these flashcards. Each card includes a key term and its definition, covering essential concepts like ohms, amps, joules, and watts. Perfect for anyone studying electricity.