Podcast
Questions and Answers
In an ohmic conductor, how is the current related to the potential difference?
In an ohmic conductor, how is the current related to the potential difference?
- Current is inversely proportional to the potential difference
- Current is directly proportional to the potential difference (correct)
- Current has no relationship with the potential difference
- Current varies randomly with the potential difference
What type of biasing occurs in a semiconductor diode when the current flows in the direction of the arrowhead symbol?
What type of biasing occurs in a semiconductor diode when the current flows in the direction of the arrowhead symbol?
- No bias
- Reverse bias
- Dual bias
- Forward bias (correct)
How does a semiconductor diode behave when it is in reverse bias?
How does a semiconductor diode behave when it is in reverse bias?
- Shows a zero reading of current or potential difference (correct)
- Goes vertically down on the right side of the graph
- Produces a sharp increase in potential difference and current
- Conducts current freely
What type of graph is observed for an LED in terms of I-V characteristics?
What type of graph is observed for an LED in terms of I-V characteristics?
In a circuit, what does a diode allow to flow only in a specific direction?
In a circuit, what does a diode allow to flow only in a specific direction?
Which of the following correctly describes the behavior of an ohmic conductor at a constant temperature?
Which of the following correctly describes the behavior of an ohmic conductor at a constant temperature?
What happens to the resistance of a metallic conductor when the temperature increases?
What happens to the resistance of a metallic conductor when the temperature increases?
In a metallic conductor under the influence of Ohm's law, how does an increase in temperature affect the resistivity?
In a metallic conductor under the influence of Ohm's law, how does an increase in temperature affect the resistivity?
What is the relationship between resistivity and resistance in a metallic conductor?
What is the relationship between resistivity and resistance in a metallic conductor?
How does a decrease in temperature affect the resistivity of a semiconductor?
How does a decrease in temperature affect the resistivity of a semiconductor?
Which type of material shows an increase in resistivity with an increase in temperature?
Which type of material shows an increase in resistivity with an increase in temperature?
What happens to the resistivity of a material as its resistance increases?
What happens to the resistivity of a material as its resistance increases?
What is the expected shape of the I-V graph for an ohmic conductor?
What is the expected shape of the I-V graph for an ohmic conductor?
What is the relationship between voltage (V), current (I), and resistance (R) in Ohm's Law?
What is the relationship between voltage (V), current (I), and resistance (R) in Ohm's Law?
What type of conductor would show a curve on the I-V graph?
What type of conductor would show a curve on the I-V graph?
What is the effect of temperature on the resistivity of metals?
What is the effect of temperature on the resistivity of metals?
Which component would typically exhibit semiconductor behavior?
Which component would typically exhibit semiconductor behavior?
How does the resistivity of an insulator compare to that of a conductor?
How does the resistivity of an insulator compare to that of a conductor?
Study Notes
Conductor Types and Characteristics
- Ohmic Conductor (e.g., Resistor):
- I-V graph is a straight line through the origin
- Current is directly proportional to potential difference
- Semiconductor Diode:
- I-V graph has a sharp increase in potential difference and current on the right side (forward bias)
- No current or potential difference on the left side (reverse bias)
- LED:
- I-V graph identical to diode, except the sharp increase is further away from the origin
- The frequency of the light increases as the sharp increase moves away from the origin
Resistance and Resistivity
- Resistivity of a material depends on its temperature
- If the cross-sectional area of a wire is circular, it is proportional to the diameter squared
- If the diameter doubles, the area quadruples, causing the resistance to drop by a quarter
Variation of Resistivity with Temperature
- Metals:
- Resistivity increases with increasing temperature due to increased vibration of atoms, impeding electron flow
- An increase in temperature causes an increase in resistance and resistivity
- A decrease in temperature causes a decrease in resistance and resistivity
I-V Graph Analysis
- A straight-line I-V graph indicates an ohmic conductor (obeys Ohm's Law: V = IR)
- A curved I-V graph indicates a non-ohmic conductor
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Description
Test your knowledge on the I-V characteristics of components such as ohmic conductors, semiconductor diodes, filament lamps, LEDs, and thermistors. Understand the differences in the graphs for each component at constant temperature and how they behave under varying voltages.
