Electricity: I-V Characteristics of Components Quiz

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Questions and Answers

In an ohmic conductor, how is the current related to the potential difference?

Current is inversely proportional to the potential difference

Current is directly proportional to the potential difference (correct)

Current has no relationship with the potential difference

Current varies randomly with the potential difference

What type of biasing occurs in a semiconductor diode when the current flows in the direction of the arrowhead symbol?

No bias

Reverse bias

Dual bias

Forward bias (correct)

How does a semiconductor diode behave when it is in reverse bias?

Shows a zero reading of current or potential difference (correct)

Goes vertically down on the right side of the graph

Produces a sharp increase in potential difference and current

Conducts current freely

What type of graph is observed for an LED in terms of I-V characteristics?

Sharp increase in potential difference further away from the origin Signup and view all the answers

In a circuit, what does a diode allow to flow only in a specific direction?

Current Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following correctly describes the behavior of an ohmic conductor at a constant temperature?

The current is directly proportional to the potential difference Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the resistance of a metallic conductor when the temperature increases?

It increases Signup and view all the answers

In a metallic conductor under the influence of Ohm's law, how does an increase in temperature affect the resistivity?

It increases Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between resistivity and resistance in a metallic conductor?

Directly proportional Signup and view all the answers

How does a decrease in temperature affect the resistivity of a semiconductor?

It decreases Signup and view all the answers

Which type of material shows an increase in resistivity with an increase in temperature?

Metallic conductor Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the resistivity of a material as its resistance increases?

Resistivity increases Signup and view all the answers

What is the expected shape of the I-V graph for an ohmic conductor?

Straight line Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between voltage (V), current (I), and resistance (R) in Ohm's Law?

$V = IR$ Signup and view all the answers

What type of conductor would show a curve on the I-V graph?

Filament lamp Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of temperature on the resistivity of metals?

Increases resistivity Signup and view all the answers

Which component would typically exhibit semiconductor behavior?

Diode Signup and view all the answers

How does the resistivity of an insulator compare to that of a conductor?

Insulator resistivity is higher than conductor resistivity Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Conductor Types and Characteristics

Ohmic Conductor (e.g., Resistor):
- I-V graph is a straight line through the origin
- Current is directly proportional to potential difference
Semiconductor Diode:
- I-V graph has a sharp increase in potential difference and current on the right side (forward bias)
- No current or potential difference on the left side (reverse bias)
LED:
- I-V graph identical to diode, except the sharp increase is further away from the origin
- The frequency of the light increases as the sharp increase moves away from the origin

Resistance and Resistivity

Resistivity of a material depends on its temperature
If the cross-sectional area of a wire is circular, it is proportional to the diameter squared
If the diameter doubles, the area quadruples, causing the resistance to drop by a quarter

Variation of Resistivity with Temperature

Metals:
- Resistivity increases with increasing temperature due to increased vibration of atoms, impeding electron flow
- An increase in temperature causes an increase in resistance and resistivity
- A decrease in temperature causes a decrease in resistance and resistivity

I-V Graph Analysis

A straight-line I-V graph indicates an ohmic conductor (obeys Ohm's Law: V = IR)
A curved I-V graph indicates a non-ohmic conductor

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Description

Test your knowledge on the I-V characteristics of components such as ohmic conductors, semiconductor diodes, filament lamps, LEDs, and thermistors. Understand the differences in the graphs for each component at constant temperature and how they behave under varying voltages.