Electricity Chapter 4 Flashcards

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Questions and Answers

What are the Four Laws of Electrostatics? (Select all that apply)

Unlike charges attract; like charges repel (correct)

Electrostatic force is inversely proportional to the product of the electrostatic charges

Electric charge of a conductor is concentrated along the sharpest curvature of the surface (correct)

Electric charge distribution is uniform throughout or on the surface (correct)

What does Coulomb's Law state?

Electrostatic force is directly proportional to the product of electrostatic charges and inversely proportional to the square of distance between them.

What is Ohm's Law?

The voltage across the total circuit or any portion of the circuit is equal to the current times the resistance.

Ohm's: If you _ voltage, electrons will _

increase; flow Signup and view all the answers

What does a resistor do?

Inhibits electron flow. Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of a battery?

Provides electric potential. Signup and view all the answers

What does a capacitor do?

Momentarily stores electric charge. Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of a transformer?

Increases or decreases voltage and current. Signup and view all the answers

What does a diode do?

Allows electron to flow in one direction. Signup and view all the answers

What does electrostatics study?

The study of stationary electric charge. Signup and view all the answers

What is one volt (V)?

SI unit of electric potential. Signup and view all the answers

What does the first law of electromagnetic induction state?

Alternating magnetic fields produce electromagnetic current. Signup and view all the answers

What factors affect the size of induced current?

Strength of magnetic field, velocity of the field, angle of the conductor to the field, number of turns of the conductor. Signup and view all the answers

Electrification can be created by which of the following methods? (Select all that apply)

All of the above Signup and view all the answers

What is the measurement unit for electric current?

Amperes. Signup and view all the answers

What does 'superconductivity' refer to?

The property of some materials to exhibit no resistance below a critical temperature. Signup and view all the answers

Magnetic force is _________ to the product of the magnetic pole strengths divided by the square of distance between them.

proportional Signup and view all the answers

What is a parallel circuit?

Elements that are connected at their ends rather than lying in a line along a conductor. Signup and view all the answers

What is the SI unit of magnetic field?

Tesla. Signup and view all the answers

What is the degree to which a material can be magnetized called?

Magnetic susceptibility. Signup and view all the answers

What is magnetic permeability?

Ability of a material to attract the lines of magnetic intensity Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Four Laws of Electrostatics

Unlike charges attract; like charges repel.
Electric charge in a conductor is concentrated at the sharpest curvature of the surface.
Electric charge distribution is uniform across surfaces.
Electrostatic force is proportional to the product of charges and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them.

Coulomb's Law

Electrostatic force is proportionate to the product of two charges and inversely proportionate to the square of the distance separating them.

Ohm's Law

Voltage in a circuit is the product of current (I) and resistance (R).
Can be expressed as V = IR, where:
- V = Electric potential in volts
- I = Electric current in amperes
- R = Resistance in ohms

Resistor

A component that inhibits the flow of electrons in a circuit.

Battery

A device that provides electric potential.

Capacitor

A component that momentarily stores electric charge.

Transformer

A device that increases or decreases voltage and current in an electrical circuit.

Diode

A semiconductor that permits electron flow in one direction only.

Electromagnetic Induction

Alternating magnetic fields can produce electromagnetic current.
Concept introduced by Michael Faraday.

Factors Influencing Induced Current

Strength of magnetic field.
Velocity of the magnetic field as it passes through a conductor.
Angle between the conductor and the magnetic field.
Number of turns in the conductor coil.

Electrostatics

The study of stationary electric charges.

Electrification Methods

Can be achieved through friction, contact, and induction.

Electric Potential (Volt)

SI unit of electric potential.

Electric Current

Results when an electric potential is applied, causing electrons to flow through a conductor, such as copper wire.

Coulomb Definition

One Coulomb (C) is equivalent to approximately 6.3 x 10^18 elementary charges.

Electrodynamics

The study of electric charges in motion.

Power Measurement

Electric power is measured in watts (W).

Induction

Energy transfer between objects without physical contact; also refers to magnetizing ferromagnetic materials.

Autotransformer

A transformer with a single winding that can vary both voltage and current.

Magnetic Field Units

One Tesla (T) is equal to 10,000 Gauss (G).

Types of Magnets

Naturally occurring magnets, artificially induced magnets, and electromagnets.

Hans Oersted

Demonstrated that electricity can generate magnetic fields.

Magnetic Force Relationship

Magnetic force is proportional to the product of magnetic pole strengths, divided by the square of the distance between them.

Magnetic Susceptibility

Indicates how easily a material can be magnetized.

Types of Magnetic Material

Diamagnetic materials are weakly repelled by magnetic fields.
Nonmagnetic materials are unaffected by magnetic fields.

Magnetic Permeability

Refers to the ability of a material to attract magnetic field lines.

Magnetic Domain

Formed by numerous atomic magnets aligned in the same direction.

Alternating Current (AC)

A type of current where electrons oscillate back and forth.

Parallel Circuit

A type of circuit where multiple components are connected at their ends instead of forming a single path.

Measurement of Electric Current

Electric current is measured in amperes (A).

Superconductivity

Some materials exhibit zero resistance to electric current when cooled below a critical temperature.

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Description

This quiz focuses on the Four Laws of Electrostatics as outlined in Chapter 4 of Bushong's text on electricity. Test your understanding of key concepts and definitions related to electrostatics. Perfect for reviewing essential principles in physics.