Questions and Answers
What are the Four Laws of Electrostatics? (Select all that apply)
What does Coulomb's Law state?
Electrostatic force is directly proportional to the product of electrostatic charges and inversely proportional to the square of distance between them.
What is Ohm's Law?
The voltage across the total circuit or any portion of the circuit is equal to the current times the resistance.
Ohm's: If you ___ voltage, electrons will ___
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What does a resistor do?
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What is the function of a battery?
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What does a capacitor do?
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What is the role of a transformer?
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What does a diode do?
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What does electrostatics study?
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What is one volt (V)?
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What does the first law of electromagnetic induction state?
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What factors affect the size of induced current?
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Electrification can be created by which of the following methods? (Select all that apply)
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What is the measurement unit for electric current?
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What does 'superconductivity' refer to?
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Magnetic force is _________ to the product of the magnetic pole strengths divided by the square of distance between them.
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What is a parallel circuit?
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What is the SI unit of magnetic field?
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What is the degree to which a material can be magnetized called?
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What is magnetic permeability?
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Study Notes
Four Laws of Electrostatics
- Unlike charges attract; like charges repel.
- Electric charge in a conductor is concentrated at the sharpest curvature of the surface.
- Electric charge distribution is uniform across surfaces.
- Electrostatic force is proportional to the product of charges and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them.
Coulomb's Law
- Electrostatic force is proportionate to the product of two charges and inversely proportionate to the square of the distance separating them.
Ohm's Law
- Voltage in a circuit is the product of current (I) and resistance (R).
- Can be expressed as V = IR, where:
- V = Electric potential in volts
- I = Electric current in amperes
- R = Resistance in ohms
Resistor
- A component that inhibits the flow of electrons in a circuit.
Battery
- A device that provides electric potential.
Capacitor
- A component that momentarily stores electric charge.
Transformer
- A device that increases or decreases voltage and current in an electrical circuit.
Diode
- A semiconductor that permits electron flow in one direction only.
Electromagnetic Induction
- Alternating magnetic fields can produce electromagnetic current.
- Concept introduced by Michael Faraday.
Factors Influencing Induced Current
- Strength of magnetic field.
- Velocity of the magnetic field as it passes through a conductor.
- Angle between the conductor and the magnetic field.
- Number of turns in the conductor coil.
Electrostatics
- The study of stationary electric charges.
Electrification Methods
- Can be achieved through friction, contact, and induction.
Electric Potential (Volt)
- SI unit of electric potential.
Electric Current
- Results when an electric potential is applied, causing electrons to flow through a conductor, such as copper wire.
Coulomb Definition
- One Coulomb (C) is equivalent to approximately 6.3 x 10^18 elementary charges.
Electrodynamics
- The study of electric charges in motion.
Power Measurement
- Electric power is measured in watts (W).
Induction
- Energy transfer between objects without physical contact; also refers to magnetizing ferromagnetic materials.
Autotransformer
- A transformer with a single winding that can vary both voltage and current.
Magnetic Field Units
- One Tesla (T) is equal to 10,000 Gauss (G).
Types of Magnets
- Naturally occurring magnets, artificially induced magnets, and electromagnets.
Hans Oersted
- Demonstrated that electricity can generate magnetic fields.
Magnetic Force Relationship
- Magnetic force is proportional to the product of magnetic pole strengths, divided by the square of the distance between them.
Magnetic Susceptibility
- Indicates how easily a material can be magnetized.
Types of Magnetic Material
- Diamagnetic materials are weakly repelled by magnetic fields.
- Nonmagnetic materials are unaffected by magnetic fields.
Magnetic Permeability
- Refers to the ability of a material to attract magnetic field lines.
Magnetic Domain
- Formed by numerous atomic magnets aligned in the same direction.
Alternating Current (AC)
- A type of current where electrons oscillate back and forth.
Parallel Circuit
- A type of circuit where multiple components are connected at their ends instead of forming a single path.
Measurement of Electric Current
- Electric current is measured in amperes (A).
Superconductivity
- Some materials exhibit zero resistance to electric current when cooled below a critical temperature.
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Description
This quiz focuses on the Four Laws of Electrostatics as outlined in Chapter 4 of Bushong's text on electricity. Test your understanding of key concepts and definitions related to electrostatics. Perfect for reviewing essential principles in physics.
