Electricity Basics Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What term describes a material in which electric charges cannot move easily?

  • Electric force
  • Electric conductor
  • Electric insulator (correct)
  • Electric field

Which term refers to the force that two electrically charged objects apply to each other?

  • Electric field
  • Neutral charge
  • Electric discharge
  • Electric force (correct)

What is the state of an object that has an unbalanced amount of positive or negative electrical charge?

  • Neutral
  • Electrically neutral
  • Electrically charged (correct)
  • Electric insulator

What occurs when there is a loss of an unbalanced electric charge?

<p>Electric discharge (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What surrounds a charged object and applies electric force?

<p>Electric field (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What charge do protons carry?

<p>Positive charge (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What results in an electrically neutral object?

<p>Equal numbers of protons and electrons (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens when electrons are transferred between objects?

<p>One object gains a charge and the other loses it (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many types of electric charges are there?

<p>Two types: positive and negative (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is typically true about most objects in terms of electrical charge?

<p>They are normally electrically neutral (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the two types of charged particles found in an atom?

<p>Protons and electrons (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which particle does not carry an electric charge?

<p>Neutron (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens when electric charges jump between two objects?

<p>Static electricity is generated (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which particles are located in the nucleus of an atom?

<p>Protons and neutrons (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role do electrons play in electricity?

<p>They move and create electric currents due to their negative charge (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens when electrons transfer from a hairbrush to your hair?

<p>The hair gains electrons from the brush. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which material is classified as an electric insulator?

<p>Rubber (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the context of electrical materials, what does an electric conductor do?

<p>Allows electrons to move easily. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When an inflated balloon is rubbed on a wool sweater, what is likely to happen?

<p>Electrons move from the sweater to the balloon. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role do plastic and rubber play in electrical power cords?

<p>They insulate the wire, preventing electron movement. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to an object that loses electrons?

<p>It becomes positively charged. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When does an object become electrically charged?

<p>When electrons transfer between objects. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes a negatively charged object?

<p>It has more electrons than protons. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following describes an electrically neutral atom?

<p>It has equal amounts of positive and negative charge. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does an object that has gained electrons become?

<p>Negatively charged. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to a metal can when a negatively charged balloon is brought near it?

<p>The can is polarized with electrons moving to one end. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to two touching cans when a charged balloon is brought near them?

<p>Electrons in both cans move, and they become individually charged. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the process of conduction between two conductors, what is the flow of electrons compared to?

<p>Water flowing from a high level to a low level. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What occurs after the cans are separated when polarized by a charged balloon?

<p>One can retains a positive charge while the other becomes negative. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is true about the charges of two conducting objects after they touch and transfer electrons?

<p>They reach an equal concentration of charge. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens when a balloon is rubbed on a wool sweater?

<p>Electrons move from the sweater to the balloon. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role do materials' abilities to hold electrons play in charge transfer?

<p>The material with a stronger grip on electrons loses them. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the outcome when induction occurs?

<p>The charge distribution becomes uneven, causing polarization. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement is true about transferring charge by contact?

<p>It can happen between both conductors and insulators. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What occurs when a negatively charged balloon is brought near a metallic can?

<p>Electrons in the can move away from the balloon, causing polarization. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to objects that are electrically charged over time?

<p>They lose that charge due to electric discharge. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What effect does water vapor in the air have on static electricity?

<p>It reduces the speed of discharges. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

During the demonstration of rubbing balloons on a wool sweater, what happens to the balloons?

<p>They become negatively charged. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What phenomenon can be classified as a type of static electricity?

<p>Static cling in clothes. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What occurs when two similarly charged balloons are brought close to each other?

<p>They repel each other. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What occurs when two objects with the same type of charge are brought close together?

<p>They push each other away. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which factor does not affect the strength of the electric force between two charged objects?

<p>Temperature of the environment. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens between a positively charged object and a negatively charged object?

<p>They attract each other. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is created around any charged object that exerts an electric force on other charges?

<p>Electric field. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

If a positively charged object is near another positively charged object, what will happen to the electric forces between them?

<p>They will repel each other strongly. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is meant by an electric field?

<p>A region surrounding a charged object that applies electric force to other charges. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why can charged objects exert forces on each other without touching?

<p>There exists an electric field that applies force to other charged objects. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens when two balloons with opposite charges are brought close together?

<p>They repel each other, causing one to fly away. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement best describes how electric forces are applied?

<p>Via an electric field that exists around charged objects. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the force that charged objects exert on one another?

<p>Electric force (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Electrically charged

An object has more positive or negative charges than the other.

Electric conductor

A material that allows charges to move easily.

Electric insulator

A material that resists the flow of electric charges.

Electric force

The force between two electrically charged objects, attracting if opposite charges or repelling if the same charges.

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Electric field

The invisible area around a charged object where the force can be felt.

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Atom

The smallest unit of matter, made up of a nucleus with protons and neutrons, and electrons orbiting around it.

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Proton

A positively charged particle found in the nucleus of an atom.

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Neutron

A particle with no charge found in the nucleus of an atom.

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Electron

A negatively charged particle that orbits the nucleus of an atom.

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Electric Charge

A fundamental property of matter that can be either positive, negative, or neutral.

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Neutral Object

A particle that has an equal amount of positive and negative charge.

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Atoms and Charge

Atoms are the building blocks of all matter and are normally electrically neutral, but they can become charged if they gain or lose electrons.

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Charged Objects

When electrons move from one object to another, the objects become charged. If an object gains electrons, it becomes negatively charged. If an object loses electrons, it becomes positively charged.

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Electrostatic Force

The force that exists between any two charged objects. Opposite charges attract each other, and like charges repel.

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Transferring charge by contact

The movement of electrons from one object to another when they are in contact, often resulting in static electricity.

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Why does rubbing a balloon on a sweater make it stick?

When objects made of different materials touch, electrons tend to move from one object to the other until both objects have roughly the same amount of charge.

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How does a hairbrush become charged?

A hairbrush and hair become charged due to the transfer of electrons from the brush to the hair.

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Negatively Charged Object

An object that has gained one or more electrons, resulting in more electrons than protons, making it have a negative charge.

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Positively Charged Object

An object that has lost one or more electrons, resulting in more protons than electrons, making it have a positive charge.

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Electrically Neutral Object

The state of an object when the number of protons and electrons are equal, resulting in no net charge.

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Electron Transfer

The movement of electrons between objects, which can cause the objects to become electrically charged.

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Insulator

A material that resists the flow of electrons. Electrons are tightly bound to the atoms in an insulator, making it difficult for them to move freely.

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Conductor

A material that allows electrons to flow easily. Electrons are loosely bound to the atoms in a conductor, allowing them to move freely.

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Transferring Charge by Induction

A method of charging an object without direct contact. A charged object induces an uneven distribution of charge in a nearby object, even if they don't touch.

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Polarization

A neutral object that has a temporary separation of charges when a charged object is brought near it.

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Conduction (Charge Transfer)

The transfer of electric charge between two objects in direct contact. Electrons move from the object with more negative charge to the object with less negative charge until both have the same amount of charge.

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Polarized Object

Charge is distributed unevenly across an object.

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Polarization by Induction

A charged object is brought near a neutral object, causing electrons to redistribute within the neutral object, creating a temporary separation of charges.

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Charging by Separation

Two originally neutral objects, after being polarized together, become charged with opposite charges when separated.

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Electric Discharge

The process by which an object loses its electric charge over time, often due to the movement of charge away from the object.

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Static Electricity

A buildup of electric charge on the surface of an object, often caused by the transfer of electrons between objects.

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What is electric force?

The force that exists between two electrically charged objects. This force can be attractive or repulsive, depending on the charges of the objects.

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What is an electric field?

A region surrounding a charged object where an electric force can be felt.

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How do charged objects interact without touching?

Charged objects don't need to touch to exert a force on each other. They can interact through their electric fields.

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What are electric fields?

These are regions where charged objects experience a force. They can be created by any charged object.

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What are the types of electric charge?

There are two types of electric charges: positive and negative. Opposite charges attract, and like charges repel.

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How do charges interact?

The force between charged objects depends on the type of charge (positive or negative) on the objects. Objects with the same charge (both positive or both negative) repel each other, while objects with opposite charges (one positive and one negative) attract each other.

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What factors affect electric force strength?

The strength of the electric force between two charged objects depends on the total amount of electric charge on both objects. The more charge, the stronger the force.

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How does rubbing objects create static electricity?

When objects made of different materials touch, electrons tend to move from one object to the other until both objects have roughly the same amount of charge. This transfer of electrons can result in one object becoming positively charged and the other becoming negatively charged.

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