Atomic Number and Electric Charge

What happens when the current exceeds the fuse's design limit?

The metal melts away and the circuit is broken

What is the relationship between power, voltage, and current as described in the text?

Power is directly proportional to voltage and current

What is the definition of voltage?

The energy per unit charge provided to charged particles by a power supply

Why is a larger voltage used to transmit electricity?

To decrease the current flowing through the wires Signup and view all the answers

What is the SI unit of voltage?

Volt Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between voltage, current, and resistance according to Ohm's Law?

I = V / R Signup and view all the answers

What is the unit used to measure electrical energy in households?

Kilowatt-hours Signup and view all the answers

How does the current in a conductor change with increasing voltage, given a constant resistance?

The current increases Signup and view all the answers

How is energy in kilowatt-hours computed?

By expressing power in kilowatts and time in hours Signup and view all the answers

How are SI units for electric field represented?

Newtons per coulomb Signup and view all the answers

How does the current in a conductor change with increasing resistance, given a constant voltage?

The current decreases Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the electric charges when a circuit is disconnected from the power supply?

The charges have potential energy Signup and view all the answers

What is the direction of electric field lines around a positively charged particle?

Radially outward Signup and view all the answers

How is electric field strength defined?

Force on a charged object divided by the size of the charge on the object Signup and view all the answers

How much energy does the hair dryer use if it is used for 3 minutes?

0.0938 kWh Signup and view all the answers

In what direction does a positive charge experience a force in an electric field?

Same direction as field lines Signup and view all the answers

What indicates the strength of an electric field in terms of field lines?

Spacing or density of the field lines Signup and view all the answers

What happens to a negative charge in an electric field?

Feels a force opposite to the direction of field lines Signup and view all the answers

What determines the atomic number of an element?

The number of protons in the nucleus Signup and view all the answers

In a neutral atom, what is the relationship between the number of protons and electrons?

The number of protons and electrons is the same Signup and view all the answers

What is an ion?

An atom that has gained or lost one or more electrons Signup and view all the answers

If a neutral helium atom gains one electron, what type of ion is formed?

A negative ion Signup and view all the answers

How are negative ions formed on the surface of materials like amber, plastic, or hard rubber?

By the action of friction, transferring electrons from fur to the surface Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the charge of the fur when it transfers electrons to a material like amber or plastic?

The fur acquires a net positive charge Signup and view all the answers

What allows electrons to travel freely inside a picture tube?

The presence of a near vacuum Signup and view all the answers

What happens when salt is dissolved in water?

The sodium and chlorine ions separate and can move about Signup and view all the answers

If an electric field is applied to salt water, which ions will flow in the direction of the field?

Positive sodium ions Signup and view all the answers

What is the SI unit of electric current?

Ampere Signup and view all the answers

What device is used to measure electric current?

Ammeter Signup and view all the answers

According to the historical convention, what type of charge is represented as flowing in a wire to comprise the current?

Positive charge Signup and view all the answers