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Questions and Answers
What is the physical quantity represented by the symbol σ in Gauss's law?
What is the unit of measurement for the electric field E in Gauss's law?
What is the capacitance of a capacitor dependent on?
What is the equivalent capacitance of a series combination of capacitors?
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What is the equivalent capacitance of a parallel combination of capacitors?
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What is the unit of measurement for the electric flux?
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What is the physical quantity represented by the symbol εo?
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What is the unit of measurement for the electric potential difference Vab?
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What is the physical quantity represented by the symbol Q in Gauss's law?
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What is the unit of measurement for the distance d in the capacitance equation?
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Study Notes
Gauss's Law
- Gauss's law relates the distribution of electric charge to the resulting electric field
- Total charge enclosed by a surface is Qencl = σA
- Electric field of an infinite sheet of charge is given by Gauss's law
Electric Field of Oppositely Charged Parallel Plates
- Two large plane parallel conducting plates with equal magnitude charges
- Charges accumulate on opposing faces of the plates, with a small amount of charge on outer surfaces
- Field is perpendicular to the plates, with a magnitude of E = σ/εo at points between the plates
Gauss's Law Applications
- Gauss's law is valid for any distribution of charges and for any closed surface
- Excess charges on a solid conductor reside on the surface, not in the interior
- Examples of applying Gauss's law include:
- Field of a charged conducting sphere
- Electric flux through a rectangular plane
Capacitance and Dielectrics
- A capacitor consists of two conductors separated by an insulator
- Insulators include vacuum, air, dry wood, dry paper, and asbestos
- Capacitance (C) is the proportionality constant between charge (Q) and potential difference (Vab): Q = CV
- SI unit of capacitance is the farad
Parallel-Plate Capacitor in Vacuum
- Electric field between parallel plates is essentially uniform
- Charges on the plates are uniformly distributed over their opposing surfaces
- Capacitance depends only on the shapes, dimensions, and separation of the conductors
Capacitors in Series and Parallel
- Equivalent capacitance of capacitors in series is less than any individual capacitance
- Equivalent capacitance of capacitors in parallel equals the sum of the individual capacitances
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Description
This quiz is about calculating the electric field of an infinite sheet of charge using Gauss's law. It also covers the field between oppositely charged parallel conducting plates.
