Electric Charges and Circuits Quiz

Study Notes

Charges are either positive or negative
Like charges repel, while unlike charges attract
Charges cannot be created or destroyed but can be transferred
The total charge of an isolated system remains constant (law of conservation of charges)
The charge of an electron is -1.6x10^-19 C
The charge of a proton is 1.6x10^-19 C
The SI unit of charge is the coulomb (C)

1 coulomb is the charge of approximately 6x10¹⁸ electrons
The number of electrons (n) in a given amount of charge (Q) can be calculated using the equation: n = Q/e, where e is the charge of one electron.

Electric current is the rate of flow of charge through a conductor
The formula for electric current is: I = Q/t, where I is current, Q is charge, and t is time
The conventional direction of electric current is from the positive terminal to the negative terminal
The SI unit of current is the ampere (A)
1 ampere is the current when 1 coulomb of charge flows through a conductor in 1 second
Ammeters are used to measure current
Ammeters are connected in series in a circuit

The electric potential difference between two points in a circuit is the work done to move a unit charge between those points
The formula for electric potential difference is: V = W/Q, where V is potential difference, W is work done, and Q is charge
The SI unit of potential difference is the volt (V)
1 volt is the potential difference between two points when 1 joule of work is done to move 1 coulomb of charge between those points
Voltmeters are used to measure potential difference
Voltmeters are connected in parallel across the points where potential difference is to be measured

The text mentions various electronic components and symbols but does not provide visual representations, which would be helpful to understand their practical application.